小兒骶尾部腫瘤新分型下手術(shù)方式的探討
發(fā)布時間:2018-03-11 16:07
本文選題:小兒 切入點:骶尾部 出處:《新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:目的:通過探討小兒骶尾部腫瘤的分型,尋求相對適宜的分型方法,以指導(dǎo)手術(shù)方式。方法:收集臨床小兒骶尾部腫瘤14例,術(shù)前均行骶尾部MRI矢狀位及水平軸位檢查,檢查體位為仰臥位。根據(jù)MRI資料采用Altman分型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上行骶骨區(qū)矢狀位“十”字形劃分,將骶前劃分為四個象限,確定“十“字上方右側(cè)象限為A區(qū),順時針依次為B區(qū)、C區(qū)、D區(qū)。本組14例患兒均采用Altman分型,并將腫瘤行區(qū)域劃分后采取相對應(yīng)的手術(shù)方式。術(shù)后均經(jīng)病理證實,且術(shù)后未給予放、化療等其它綜合治療。結(jié)果:AltmanⅠ型、Ⅱ型腫瘤主要涉及B區(qū)或B、C區(qū),一般均采用骶尾部后路切口切除。AltmanⅢ型常見腫瘤主要涉及A、B、D區(qū)或四區(qū)全累及,極少部分腫瘤位置更高,到達上腹部,累及A、D區(qū)。根據(jù)腫瘤特點,涉及A、B、D區(qū)或四區(qū)腫瘤,一般需前、后路聯(lián)合切除。涉及A、D區(qū)腫瘤,考慮經(jīng)前路切口切除。AltmanⅣ型腫瘤主要涉及A、B區(qū),部分僅累及A、B、D區(qū)或四區(qū)全累及,主要采用骶尾部后路切口切除。14例患兒隨訪1~3年,切口愈合良好12例,切口感染2例。完整切除的12例中,2例復(fù)發(fā),,1例卵黃囊瘤復(fù)發(fā),術(shù)后三月未經(jīng)治療死亡。1例神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤復(fù)發(fā),再次手術(shù),目前腫瘤未復(fù)發(fā)。未完整切除的2例惡性腫瘤均復(fù)發(fā),其中1例卵黃囊瘤因肺轉(zhuǎn)移死亡,另1例尤文氏肉瘤再次手術(shù),后因傷口感染未繼續(xù)治療死亡。結(jié)論:小兒骶尾部腫瘤按照Altman分型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上再將骶骨區(qū)行“十”字形區(qū)域劃分,不僅可以明確腫瘤與骶骨的位置關(guān)系以及腫瘤的大小,還能明確腫瘤涉及到每區(qū)所要關(guān)注的重要解剖結(jié)構(gòu),同時再輔以骶尾部水平軸位MRI明確腫瘤侵及正常組織程度及范圍,從而針對性的制定手術(shù)方法,更好的用以指導(dǎo)手術(shù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the classification of sacrococcygeal tumors in children and to find a relatively suitable method to guide the operation. Methods: 14 cases of sacrococcygeal tumors in children were collected and examined by MRI sagittal and horizontal axial position before operation. The postural position was supine. According to the MRI data, Altman classification was used, and on this basis, the sacral sagittal "ten" shape was divided into four quadrants, and the right quadrant above the word "ten" was determined to be A area. All the 14 cases were classified by Altman, and the corresponding operation methods were adopted after dividing the tumor regions. All of them were proved by pathology after operation, and they were not given after operation. Results the tumors of type 鈪
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