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小兒骶尾部腫瘤新分型下手術方式的探討

發(fā)布時間:2018-03-11 16:07

  本文選題:小兒 切入點:骶尾部 出處:《新疆醫(yī)科大學》2012年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文


【摘要】:目的:通過探討小兒骶尾部腫瘤的分型,尋求相對適宜的分型方法,以指導手術方式。方法:收集臨床小兒骶尾部腫瘤14例,術前均行骶尾部MRI矢狀位及水平軸位檢查,檢查體位為仰臥位。根據MRI資料采用Altman分型,并在此基礎上行骶骨區(qū)矢狀位“十”字形劃分,將骶前劃分為四個象限,確定“十“字上方右側象限為A區(qū),順時針依次為B區(qū)、C區(qū)、D區(qū)。本組14例患兒均采用Altman分型,并將腫瘤行區(qū)域劃分后采取相對應的手術方式。術后均經病理證實,且術后未給予放、化療等其它綜合治療。結果:AltmanⅠ型、Ⅱ型腫瘤主要涉及B區(qū)或B、C區(qū),一般均采用骶尾部后路切口切除。AltmanⅢ型常見腫瘤主要涉及A、B、D區(qū)或四區(qū)全累及,極少部分腫瘤位置更高,到達上腹部,累及A、D區(qū)。根據腫瘤特點,涉及A、B、D區(qū)或四區(qū)腫瘤,一般需前、后路聯合切除。涉及A、D區(qū)腫瘤,考慮經前路切口切除。AltmanⅣ型腫瘤主要涉及A、B區(qū),部分僅累及A、B、D區(qū)或四區(qū)全累及,主要采用骶尾部后路切口切除。14例患兒隨訪1~3年,切口愈合良好12例,切口感染2例。完整切除的12例中,2例復發(fā),,1例卵黃囊瘤復發(fā),術后三月未經治療死亡。1例神經母細胞瘤復發(fā),再次手術,目前腫瘤未復發(fā)。未完整切除的2例惡性腫瘤均復發(fā),其中1例卵黃囊瘤因肺轉移死亡,另1例尤文氏肉瘤再次手術,后因傷口感染未繼續(xù)治療死亡。結論:小兒骶尾部腫瘤按照Altman分型,并在此基礎上再將骶骨區(qū)行“十”字形區(qū)域劃分,不僅可以明確腫瘤與骶骨的位置關系以及腫瘤的大小,還能明確腫瘤涉及到每區(qū)所要關注的重要解剖結構,同時再輔以骶尾部水平軸位MRI明確腫瘤侵及正常組織程度及范圍,從而針對性的制定手術方法,更好的用以指導手術。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the classification of sacrococcygeal tumors in children and to find a relatively suitable method to guide the operation. Methods: 14 cases of sacrococcygeal tumors in children were collected and examined by MRI sagittal and horizontal axial position before operation. The postural position was supine. According to the MRI data, Altman classification was used, and on this basis, the sacral sagittal "ten" shape was divided into four quadrants, and the right quadrant above the word "ten" was determined to be A area. All the 14 cases were classified by Altman, and the corresponding operation methods were adopted after dividing the tumor regions. All of them were proved by pathology after operation, and they were not given after operation. Results the tumors of type 鈪

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