本文選題：維吾爾族　切入點(diǎn)：學(xué)齡前兒童　出處：《新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的：通過對(duì)新疆和田地區(qū)維吾爾族學(xué)齡前兒童營(yíng)養(yǎng)現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查,評(píng)價(jià)該地區(qū)維吾爾族學(xué)齡前兒童營(yíng)養(yǎng)與發(fā)育狀況,初探營(yíng)養(yǎng)干預(yù)方向并給予合理化建議。方法：采取隨機(jī)整群抽樣法抽取新疆和田地區(qū)3-6歲維吾爾族兒童787名并對(duì)其進(jìn)行調(diào)查。(1)采用問卷調(diào)查法和3d稱重法調(diào)查兒童的一般情況和營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況,膳食調(diào)查分析結(jié)果分別與中國(guó)居民膳食寶塔及膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)素參考攝入量(DRIs)及《托兒所幼兒園衛(wèi)生保健工作規(guī)范》中集體膳食要求進(jìn)行比較并評(píng)價(jià)；(2)對(duì)兒童進(jìn)行體格測(cè)量,測(cè)量結(jié)果與2005年中國(guó)九城市、郊區(qū)兒童體格發(fā)育調(diào)查參考值進(jìn)行比較,并使用均值離差法和Z評(píng)分法評(píng)價(jià)兒童生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育情況；由調(diào)查結(jié)果分析兒童體格發(fā)育的相關(guān)因素；(3)采用原子吸收光譜法測(cè)定靜脈全血鈣、鎂、鐵、銅、鋅的含量；采用高鐵氰化鉀法測(cè)定血紅蛋白的含量,了解兒童礦物質(zhì)缺乏及貧血情況。由測(cè)定結(jié)果分析體格發(fā)育、血紅蛋白含量與血礦物質(zhì)水平之間的關(guān)系。結(jié)果：(1)該地區(qū)維吾爾族學(xué)齡前兒童集體膳食食物來源,谷類攝入量達(dá)標(biāo),其他食物攝入不足,無水產(chǎn)品攝入,膳食結(jié)構(gòu)不合理。能量、蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪,占兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)比例分別為60.77%、75.96%,53.07%、66.33%和78.16%、96.04%；優(yōu)質(zhì)蛋白占總蛋白質(zhì)攝入量比例為15.71%；各類維生素及礦物質(zhì)攝入量均不足,其中維生素C及鈣的攝入量最低,分別為11.21%、14.02%和11.09%、13.86%；(2)均值離差法評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果：生長(zhǎng)遲緩率為20.67%,低體重率為3.10%,消瘦率為1.03%,營(yíng)養(yǎng)過剩率為6.98%,超重／肥胖率為7.24%；Z評(píng)分法評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果：生長(zhǎng)遲緩率為22.74%,低體重率為5.43%,消瘦率為1.03%,營(yíng)養(yǎng)過剩率為6.20%,超重／肥胖率為8.53%。兒童體格發(fā)育與家庭狀況有一定的關(guān)系,母親文化程度為兒童低體重的保護(hù)因素；(3)低血鈣率為46.67%,低血鎂率為2.59%,低血鐵率為95.19%,低血銅率為2.59%,低血鋅率為17.41%；貧血患病率為10.44%。血鈣、血鐵、血銅、血鎂均與體格發(fā)育呈顯著正相關(guān),血鐵、血銅與血紅蛋白含量呈顯著正相關(guān)；而血鈣與血鎂均與血紅蛋白含量呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)。結(jié)論：新疆和田地區(qū)維吾爾族學(xué)齡前兒童膳食攝入不足,體格發(fā)育水平低,礦物質(zhì)缺乏率及貧血率高于本省其他地區(qū)水平,營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況有待改善。
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate the nutritional and developmental status of Uygur preschool children in Hotan, Xinjiang. Methods: 787 Uygur children aged 3-6 years old in Hotan area of Xinjiang were selected by random cluster sampling and investigated by questionnaire survey and 3D weighing method. General and nutritional status of children, The results of dietary survey and analysis were compared with the dietary pagoda and dietary nutrient reference intake (DRIs) and the group dietary requirements in the Nursery and Kindergarten Health Care work Standard, respectively, and evaluated the physical fitness of children. The results were compared with the reference values of the physical development survey of children in nine cities and suburbs of China in 2005, and the mean deviation method and Z score method were used to evaluate the growth and development of children. The contents of calcium, magnesium, iron, copper and zinc in venous whole blood were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and the content of hemoglobin was determined by potassium ferricyanide method. To understand the status of mineral deficiency and anemia in children. To analyze the relationship between physical development, hemoglobin content and blood mineral level. Results: 1) the source of group food for Uygur preschool children in this area. Grain intake is up to standard, other food intake is insufficient, no aquatic products are consumed, and the diet is not reasonable. Energy, protein, fat, The proportion of high quality protein to total protein intake was 15.71%, and the intake of all kinds of vitamins and minerals was insufficient, among which vitamin C and calcium intake were the lowest, the two standard proportions were 66.33% and 78.16%, respectively, and 53.07% were 60.77%, 78.16% and 96.04%, respectively, and the proportion of high-quality protein to total protein intake was 15.71%, and the intake of all kinds of vitamins and minerals was insufficient. The results were as follows: the growth retardation rate was 20.67, the low body weight rate was 3.10, the wasting rate was 1.03, the excess nutrition rate was 6.98, and the overweight / obesity rate was 7.24z. the results were as follows: the growth retardation rate was 22.7445, the low body weight rate was 5.43, and the mean deviation was 11.21% and 11.09%, respectively: the growth retardation rate was 20.67, the low body weight rate was 3.10%, the wasting rate was 1.03%, the excess nutrition rate was 6.98%, and the overweight / obesity rate was 7.24%. The wasting rate was 1.03 percent, the excess nutrition rate was 6.20, the overweight / obesity rate was 8.53.There was a certain relationship between children's physical development and their family status. The low blood calcium rate, low blood magnesium rate, low blood iron rate, low blood iron rate, low blood copper rate and low blood zinc rate were 46.67, 95.19, 2.59, 2.59 and 17.41%, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between blood magnesium and physical development, blood iron, blood copper and hemoglobin content. Conclusion: the dietary intake of Uygur preschool children in Hetian area of Xinjiang is insufficient, the level of physical development is low, the rate of mineral deficiency and anemia is higher than that of other areas in this province. Nutritional status needs to be improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R723.1

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