本文關(guān)鍵詞： 學(xué)齡前3-6歲兒童 燒燙傷 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估 信度 效度　出處：《中南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的：編制城市學(xué)齡前3-6歲兒童燒燙傷簡易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估問卷,評(píng)估其信度和效度,確定其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 方法：通過復(fù)習(xí)和總結(jié)燒燙傷流行病學(xué)調(diào)查、燒燙傷經(jīng)典案例、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估量表,專題小組討論,提出條目庫。通過訪談法獲取家長意見,專家會(huì)議討論,確定了條目初稿。采用179名兒童進(jìn)行預(yù)測試,經(jīng)多種統(tǒng)計(jì)方法結(jié)果和專家意見,形成問卷正式版。采用分層整群抽樣調(diào)查了長沙市6所幼兒園468名兒童,醫(yī)院調(diào)查了50名燒燙傷陽性兒童。根據(jù)518名兒童調(diào)查結(jié)果,對(duì)問卷進(jìn)行信度和效度評(píng)價(jià),確定其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 結(jié)果：(1)學(xué)齡前兒童燒燙傷簡易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估問卷最終版由15個(gè)條目構(gòu)成,分為“防護(hù)不當(dāng)”、“照顧不當(dāng)”、“器材使用不當(dāng)”和“洗澡處置不當(dāng)”四個(gè)維度。 (2)信度檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示：問卷各個(gè)維度和總的分半信度在0.706～0.759之間,Cronbach's a系數(shù)在0.638～0.773之間。 (3)效度檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示：探索性因子分析得到4個(gè)因子,4因子的累積貢獻(xiàn)率為57.69%。多特征／多條目相關(guān)分析顯示每一條目與所屬維度之間的相關(guān)系數(shù)介于0.493-0.879之間,與其他維度之間的相關(guān)系數(shù)介于0.033-0.475之間。各個(gè)維度間的相關(guān)系數(shù)在0.353～0.555之間(P0.05),各維度與總分的相關(guān)系數(shù)在0.630～0.828之間(P0.05)。各個(gè)維度的Cronbach's a系數(shù)均大于與其他維度間的相關(guān)系數(shù),各個(gè)維度與總分的相關(guān)系數(shù)均大于各個(gè)維度間的相關(guān)系數(shù)。 驗(yàn)證性因子分析的比較擬合指數(shù)(CFI)、近似誤差均方根(RMSEA)、規(guī)范擬合指數(shù)(NFI)、增值擬合指數(shù)(IFI)分別為0.070、0.887、0.856、0.889。效標(biāo)效度比較結(jié)果顯示燒燙傷組比非傷害組在總分和第1、2維度得分上均顯著較高。 (4)518例兒童燒燙傷簡易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估問卷平均得分為25.8。采用百分位數(shù)法確定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)得分評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為：≤21分為存在低度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；21～28分存在中度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；28分為存在高度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。分布法確定最小顯著改變值為5.10。 結(jié)論：本研究編制了城市學(xué)齡前3-6歲兒童燒燙傷簡易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估問卷并制定了評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。問卷具有較好的信度和效度,可用于我國城市學(xué)齡前兒童燒燙傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。
[Abstract]:Objective: to develop a simple risk assessment questionnaire for burn and scalding in urban preschool children, to evaluate its reliability and validity, and to determine its risk assessment criteria. Methods: by reviewing and summarizing the epidemiological investigation of burn and scalding, the classic cases of burn and scalding, the risk assessment scale, the panel discussion, the item library. The first draft of the item was determined. 179 children were pre-tested. Through the results of various statistical methods and expert opinions, a formal version of the questionnaire was formed. 468 children in 6 kindergartens in Changsha were investigated by stratified cluster sampling. According to the results of 518 children, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated and the risk assessment criteria were determined. Results the final version of the simple risk Assessment questionnaire for Burn and Burn of Preschool Children was composed of 15 items, which were divided into four dimensions: "improper protection", "improper care", "improper use of equipment" and "improper bath disposal". 2) the results of reliability test showed that the Cronbachsa coefficient of the questionnaire was between 0.706 and 0.759, and the coefficient of Cronbachsa was between 0.638 and 0.773. The result of validity test showed that the cumulative contribution rate of four factors was 57.69. The correlation coefficient between each item and its dimension was between 0.493-0.879, the correlation coefficient between each item and its dimension was between 0.493-0.879, the correlation coefficient between each item and its dimension was 0.493-0.879, the correlation coefficient between each item and its dimension was 0.493-0.879. The correlation coefficient between each dimension and other dimensions was between 0.033-0.475, the correlation coefficient between each dimension and total score was 0.353n0.555 and the correlation coefficient between each dimension and total score was 0.6300.828. The Cronbach's a coefficient of each dimension was higher than that of other dimensions. The correlation coefficient between each dimension and total score is larger than that between each dimension. The comparative fitting index of confirmatory factor analysis (CFI), approximate error mean square root (RMSEAA), standard fitting index (NFI) and increment fitting index (IFI) were 0.070 / 0.887 / 0.8560.89 respectively. The results of comparison of validity of efficacy scale showed that the total score and the 12nd dimension of burn and scald group were higher than that of non-injury group. The scores were significantly higher. The average score of simple risk assessment questionnaire of 518 children with burn and scald was 25.8.The risk score assessment criteria determined by percentile method were as follows: 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：1521410