本文關(guān)鍵詞： 漢語唐氏綜合癥兒童 語音意識 閱讀能力　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：學(xué)術(shù)界對唐氏綜合癥(Down Syndrome,以下簡稱DS)兒童語音意識與閱讀能力是否相關(guān)這一問題一直存在爭議,迄今為止還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)專門針對漢語DS兒童,甚至漢語智力落后人群,語音意識與閱讀能力關(guān)系的研究。本研究參照國內(nèi)外的實(shí)驗(yàn)范式,并結(jié)合漢語的特征,設(shè)計相關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù),旨在考察漢語DS兒童的語音意識能力是否存在損傷,同時探討其語音意識與閱讀能力之間的關(guān)系。 本研究選取了10名閱讀能力匹配的漢語DS兒童和典型發(fā)展兒童,采用閱讀任務(wù)和音節(jié)判斷、音節(jié)刪除、押韻判斷、音素判斷和聲調(diào)判斷等語音意識任務(wù),對比考察了他們在閱讀任務(wù)和語音意識任務(wù)中的能力表現(xiàn),并通過統(tǒng)計分析考察了漢語DS兒童四個層面的語音意識與閱讀能力之間的關(guān)系,通過與控制組的比較,探討漢語DS兒童與典型發(fā)展兒童之間是否存在差異。 在語音意識任務(wù)中,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)漢語DS兒童在四個層面的語音意識任務(wù)中的正確得分均顯著落后于典型發(fā)展兒童,表明漢語DS兒童的語音意識能力存在極其嚴(yán)重的損傷�？刂屏藘山M被試的言語智商之后,漢語DS兒童在語音意識任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)與典型發(fā)展兒童仍存在顯著差異,這表明言語智商并非造成漢語DS兒童語音意識能力損傷的主要原因。就具體的語音意識任務(wù)而言,在音節(jié)判斷任務(wù)中,漢語DS兒童對起始位置的音節(jié)判斷能力要好于其對末尾位置的音節(jié)判斷；在押韻判斷任務(wù)中,盡管漢語DS兒童的整體表現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于典型發(fā)展兒童,但是兩組兒童在韻母為單元音和韻母為復(fù)元音這兩類押韻判斷任務(wù)中的表現(xiàn)并不存在顯著差異；在音素判斷任務(wù)中,漢語DS兒童對輔音聲母的判斷能力較好,而對零聲母音節(jié)首音素的感知能力較差。這些結(jié)果表明造成漢語DS兒童語音意識能力損傷的原因,可能是因?yàn)闈h語DS兒童過多地將精力集中于語音的起始部分,而對末尾語音的感知存在困難,且他們不理解輔音聲母具有可選性,而韻母元音數(shù)量的多少并非一個影響因素。 在語音意識與閱讀能力關(guān)系的分析中,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)漢語DS兒童的語音意識,特別是其中的音節(jié)意識,與其閱讀能力之間存在顯著的相關(guān)性,從漢語角度證明了DS兒童的語音意識與閱讀能力相關(guān)。漢語DS兒童和典型發(fā)展兒童的表現(xiàn)共同說明音節(jié)意識對漢語閱讀特別重要,這可能是因?yàn)闈h語是一種音節(jié)語言,發(fā)音具有整體性。但是與典型發(fā)展兒童表現(xiàn)不同的是,聲調(diào)意識與漢語DS兒童的閱讀能力并沒有顯著相關(guān),且漢語DS兒童的言語智商在一定程度上對其音節(jié)意識與閱讀能力之間的相關(guān)性產(chǎn)生影響。 綜合以上發(fā)現(xiàn),本研究認(rèn)為,與典型發(fā)展兒童相比,漢語DS兒童的語音意識能力存在損傷。并且他們的語音意識,特別是其中的音節(jié)意識,與其閱讀能力顯著相關(guān),從漢語角度進(jìn)一步證明了DS兒童的語音意識與閱讀能力相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:There has been controversy in academic circles about whether the phonological awareness and reading ability of children with Down syndrome Down Syndrome (DS) are related. So far, no research has been found on the relationship between phonological awareness and reading ability in Chinese children with DS or even with Chinese mental retardation. This study refers to the experimental paradigm at home and abroad and combines the characteristics of Chinese. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the phonological awareness of Chinese DS children was impaired and to explore the relationship between phonological awareness and reading ability. In this study, we selected 10 Chinese DS children and typical developing children who matched their reading ability, and used reading task and syllable judgment, syllable deletion, rhyme judgment, phoneme judgment and tone judgment and other phonological awareness tasks. This paper compares their performance in reading task and phonological awareness task, and explores the relationship between phonological awareness and reading ability of Chinese DS children at four levels by statistical analysis. By comparing with the control group, the paper discusses whether there are differences between Chinese DS children and typical development children. In the phonological awareness task this study found that the correct scores of Chinese DS children in the four levels of phonological awareness tasks are significantly behind the typical development of children. The results show that the phonological awareness of Chinese DS children is severely impaired. After controlling the speech IQ of the two groups. There are still significant differences between Chinese DS children and typical developmental children in phonological awareness tasks. This indicates that speech IQ is not the main reason for the impairment of phonological awareness in Chinese DS children. In terms of specific phonological awareness tasks, the syllable judgment task is the main reason. The ability of Chinese DS children to judge the beginning position of syllables is better than that of the last ones. In the rhyme judgment task, although the overall performance of Chinese DS children is far behind the typical development children. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the tasks of rhyming judgment between the two groups: the vowel and the vowel were the vowels of vowels and the vowels were the vowels of vowels. In the task of phoneme judgment, Chinese DS children have a better ability to judge consonant consonants. The results show that the impairment of phonological awareness in Chinese DS children is due to the poor perception of the initial phoneme of zero consonant syllable. It is possible that Chinese DS children focus too much on the beginning part of the speech, and have difficulty in perceiving the final speech, and they do not understand the consonant consonant is optional. The number of vowels is not a factor. In the analysis of the relationship between phonological awareness and reading ability, this study finds that there is a significant correlation between phonological awareness, especially syllable awareness, and reading ability of Chinese DS children. From the Chinese point of view, the phonological awareness of DS children is related to their reading ability. The performance of Chinese DS children and typical developmental children shows that syllable awareness is particularly important for Chinese reading. This may be due to the fact that Chinese is a syllable language with a holistic pronunciation, but unlike typical developmental children, tone awareness is not significantly related to the reading ability of Chinese DS children. Moreover, the speech IQ of Chinese DS children has an effect on the correlation between syllable consciousness and reading ability to some extent. Combined with the above findings, this study concluded that compared with the typical developmental children, the phonological awareness of Chinese DS children is impaired, and their phonological awareness, especially the syllable consciousness. From the Chinese perspective, it is further proved that the phonological awareness of DS children is related to their reading ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R767.92

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