分類學(xué)和系統(tǒng)學(xué)是研究生物多樣性及其規(guī)律的重要工具。棘頭蟲是專性寄生于脊椎動物消化道內(nèi)的一類重要動物寄生蟲類群。目前基于比較形態(tài)學(xué)建立的棘頭蟲的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和分類系統(tǒng)仍存在很多爭議。核糖體DNA(rDNA)及線粒體DNA(mtDNA)序列被證明可為棘頭蟲的物種鑒定及系統(tǒng)發(fā)育分析提供有效的遺傳標(biāo)記。然而,目前關(guān)于棘頭蟲線粒體基因組的分子數(shù)據(jù)仍然很有限。迄今為止,只有17種棘頭蟲的線粒體基因組的完整序列被解碼。因此,需要解析更多的棘頭蟲的線粒體基因組序列,從而為更好的解決棘頭動物門的系統(tǒng)分類學(xué)問題提供分子數(shù)據(jù)。本研究首次測序注釋了6種棘頭蟲的線粒體基因組全序列,包括Sphaerirostris picae(喜鵲球吻棘頭蟲)、S.lanceoides(似矛球吻棘頭蟲)、Centrorhynchus milvus(鳶中吻棘頭蟲)、C.clitorideus(核中吻棘頭蟲)、Cavisoma magnum(大腔體棘頭蟲)和Neoechinorhynchus sp.(新棘吻屬未定種)。這6種棘頭蟲分別采集于巴基斯坦和中國的魚類及鳥類體內(nèi)。采用通用引物或自行設(shè)計的引物,對這6種棘頭蟲進行PCR擴增,獲得其...

【文章頁數(shù)】：111 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Backgrounds
        1.1.1 Use of nuclear rDNA for identification and systematics of acanthocephalans
    1.2 Mitochondrial genome of acanthocephalans;structure and genes organization
        1.2.1 Genetic code,nucleotide composition,gene order and length of genes
        1.2.2 Transfer and ribosomal RNA genes
        1.2.3 Non-coding regions
        1.2.4 Gene overlapping
        1.2.5 Significance of mt genome in acanthocephalans taxonomy and phylogeny
    1.3 Conclusion
    1.4 Purpose and significance of the study
CHAPTER 2 Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Sphaerirostris picae(Rudolphi,1819)and nearly complete mitogenome of Sphaerirostris lanceoides(Petrochenko,1949) (Acanthocephala:Centrorhynchidae)and its phylogenetic implication
    2.1 Summary
    2.2 Introduction
    2.3 Materials and methods
        2.3.1 Parasites and DNA extraction
        2.3.2 The acquisition of S.picae ITS rDNA
        2.3.3 PCR amplification and sequencing of S.picae and S.lanceoides mt genomes
        2.3.4 Phylogenetic analysis
    2.4 Results and discussion
        2.4.1 Comparison of ITS rDNA sequences of S.picae with other species in Centrorhynchidae
        2.4.2 General characteristics of S.picae and S.lanceoides mt genomes
        2.4.3 Comparison of S.picae mt genome sequences with other centrorhynchid species
        2.4.4 Phylogenetic analysis
    2.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 3 Characterization of the complete mitogenome of Centrorhynchus milvus(Ward,1956)and Centrorhynchus Clitorideus(Meyer,1931) (Palaeacanthocephala:Centrorhynchidae),and its phylogenetic implications
    3.1 Summary
    3.2 Introduction
    3.3 Materials and methods
        3.3.1 Parasite collection
        3.3.2 Molecular procedures
        3.3.3 Phylogenetic analysis
    3.4 Results and discussion
        3.4.1 Genome organization and base composition
        3.4.2 Protein-coding genes and codon usage
        3.4.3 Transfer and ribosomal RNA genes
        3.4.4 Non-coding region
        3.4.5 Phylogenetic analysis
    3.5 Conclusion
CHAPTER 4 Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Cavisoma magnum(Southwell,1927) (Acanthocephala:Palaeacanthocephala),first representative of the family Cavisomidae,and its phylogenetic implications
    4.1 Summary
    4.2 Introduction
    4.3 Materials and methods
        4.3.1 Parasites collection
        4.3.2 Molecular procedures
        4.3.3 Phylogenetic analysis
    4.4 Results and discussion
        4.4.1 Gene content and organization
        4.4.2 Protein-coding genes and codon usage
        4.4.3 Ribosomal and transfer RNA genes
        4.4.4 Non-coding regions
        4.4.5 Gene order
        4.4.6 Phylogenetic analysis
    4.5 Conclusion
CHAPTER 5 Characterization of the complete mitogenome of Neoechinorhynchus spp. (Eoacanthocephala:Neoechinorhyn chidae),the smallest mitochondrial genome in Acanthocephala,and its phylogenetic implications
    5.1 Summary
    5.2 Introduction
    5.3 Materials and methods
        5.3.1 Parasites Collection
        5.3.2 Molecular procedures
        5.3.3 Phylogenetic analysis
    5.4 Results and discussion
        5.4.1 Protein-coding genes and codon usage
        5.4.2 Ribosomal and transfer RNA genes
        5.4.3 Non-coding regions
        5.4.4 Phylogeny
    5.5 Conclusions
References
Acknowledgement
Resume



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