地方雞種因長期的自然適應和人工選擇來不斷改良其生產(chǎn)能力,所以它們在印度尼西亞家禽生產(chǎn)中發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用。印度尼西亞擁有許多眾所周知的定名和未被描述的地方雞品種,現(xiàn)已報道的品種有31個,其中較為著名的包括Pelung、Black Kedu、White Kedu、Kapas、Cemani、Arab、Merawang、Kate、Gaok、Sentul、Wareng、 Nunukan、Tolaki、Tukong、Ayuni和Janturo本研究從印度尼西亞主要島嶼采集了71個地方雞品種、商業(yè)蛋用及肉用雞和原雞群體共1498份樣品,利用多聚酶鏈式反應對20個微衛(wèi)星DNA標記的基因型進行了測定；旨在評價其分子遺傳多樣性、種群遺傳結構和群體間的遺傳關系。結果表明在全部71個群體的20個微衛(wèi)星基因座上共檢測到277個等位基因,群體內每個基因座上的平均等位基因數(shù)介于1.55和7.60之間,地方雞群體內的雜合度要高于商業(yè)品種和原雞群體,而原雞和商業(yè)雞群體內較少的等位基因應與其有限數(shù)量的祖先個體及因群體碎化所引起的遺傳多樣性損失有關。進一步采用貝葉氏算法對個體的基因組背景進行剖分（2≤K≤20）,來認識... 

【文章來源】：中國農業(yè)科學院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：126 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
    LITERATURE REVIEW
        1.1 Taxonomic classification of chicken
        1.2 Archeological studies and domestication
            1.2.1 Red jungle-fowl(Gallus gallus gallus)
            1.2.2 Green Jungle-fowl
        1.3 Characteristic of Indonesian indigenous chicken
            1.3.1 Kampung chicken
            1.3.2 Cemani chicken
            1.3.3 Kedu Hitam chicken
            1.3.4 Kedu Putih chicken
            1.3.5 Kapas chicken
            1.3.6 Arab chicken
            1.3.7 Merawang chicken
            1.3.8 Kate chicken
            1.3.9 Gaok chicken
            1.3.10 Sentul chicken
            1.3.11 Nunukan chicken
            1.3.12 Kalosi chicken
            1.3.13 Tolaki chicken
        1.4. Characterization of indigenous chicken
            1.4.1 Phenotypic characterization
            1.4.2 Genotypic characterization
                1.4.2.1 Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
                1.4.2.2 Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis
                1.4.2.3 Random amplified polymorphim DNA (RAPD)
                1.4.2.4 Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)
                1.4.2.5 Variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs)
                1.4.2.6 Microsatellite marker
        1.5 Statistical Analysis
            1.5.1 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE)
            1.5.2 Genetic diversity
            1.5.3 Genetic relationship between populations
                1.5.3.1 Construction of phylogeny
                1.5.3.2 Principal component analysis (PCA)
                1.5.3.3 Factorial correspondence analysis (FCA)
                1.5.3.4 Standardized variance in allele frequencies among populations (F_(ST))
                1.5.3.5 Population structure
    RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
CHAPTER II MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 Sample collection
    2.2 Materials
        2.2.1 Equipment and consumables
        2.2.2 Chemicals
        2.2.3 Enzymes
    2.3 Methodology
        2.3.1 Blood sample collection
        2.3.2 Isolation and extraction of genomic DNA
        2.3.3 DNA concentration and quality determination
        2.3.4 Microsatellite loci
        2.3.5 Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification
        2.3.6 PCR quality determination
        2.3.7 Genotyping of microsatellite
        2.3.8 Data analysis
CHAPTER III RESULTS
    3.1 Extent and distribution of the genetic diversity within chicken population
        3.1.1 Analysis of alleles variation
    3.2 Genetic differentiation
    3.3 Bottleneck within population
    3.4 Population structure
    3.5 Factorial correspondence analysis(FCA)and principal component analysis(PCA)
    3.6 Phylogenetic relationship analysis
CHAPTER IV DISCUSSION
    4.1 Within population genetic diversity
    4.2 Between population genetic diversity
    4.3 Genetic relationship between chicken populations
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CURICULUM VITAE



本文編號：3585140