本論文的總體目標(biāo)是評估不同精料的粗蛋白（CP）水平和日糧中的精料水平對越南當(dāng)?shù)赜逝５挠绊憽１菊撐拈_展了四個試驗對此進行研究。試驗一主要從農(nóng)業(yè)資源、飼料來源、采食量、日糧結(jié)構(gòu)和日增重五個部分探討了飼喂系統(tǒng)對越南中部小型農(nóng)戶家中的育肥牛的影響。從越南中部的四個省隨機選擇了40家農(nóng)戶用于牛整個育肥期數(shù)據(jù)的采集。結(jié)果表明,100%的農(nóng)戶都至少使用了兩種精料,超過65%的農(nóng)戶使用了象草或本地野生牧草。精料主要包括米糠、玉米、木薯粉和大米；粗飼料主要包括稻草、本地野生牧草和象草。干物質(zhì)（DM）攝入量為5.54-5.89千克/天；日糧種的精料比例為24.0%-37.0%；日糧粗蛋白水平為8.37%-9.83%；平均日增重為0.43-0.69千克/天。由此可見,小型農(nóng)戶家中育肥牛的飼料來源是多樣的,包括精料和粗飼料；但是,日糧中精料的比例和粗蛋白水平較低。因此,育肥牛的生產(chǎn)性能較低,需要開展進一步的研究,開發(fā)含有最佳精料水平和蛋白水平的飼喂模式,提高越南中部小型農(nóng)戶家中育肥牛的生產(chǎn)性能,從而提高經(jīng)濟效益。試驗二主要測定了精料中的粗蛋白水平對越南當(dāng)?shù)赜逝Ｉa(chǎn)性能、瘤胃內(nèi)pH值、氨氮濃度、胴體品質(zhì)、肉... 

【文章來源】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)江蘇省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：157 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
List of Abbreviations
CHAPTER 1. General Introduction
CHAPTER 2. Literature Review
    1. Beef cattle production in Vietnam
    2. The digestive system in ruminants
        2.1 The digestion and metabolism of nutrients in the rumen
        2.2 Microbial protein synthesis in the rumen
    3. Response of ruminants to concentrate and protein supplementation
        3.1 Response of ruminants to concentrate supplementation
        3.2 Response of ruminants to protein supplements
CHAPTER 3. A Survey on Feeding System for Fattening Local Cattle at SmallholderFarms in Central Vietnam
    Abstract
    1. Introduction
    2. Materials and methods
    3. Results
        3.1 Farming Resources
        3.2 Feedstuffs fed to cattle for fattening at smallholder in Central Vietnam
        3.3 Feed intake of fattening cattle at smallholder in Central Vietnam
        3.4 The structure of diet (concentrate to roughage ratio) for fattening cattle at smallholder in Central Vietnam
        3.5 Daily weight gain of cattle at smallholder in Central Vietnam
    4. Discussion
    5. Conclusion
CHAPTER 4. Effects of Crude Protein Level in Concentrate on Performance ofVietnamese Fattening Local Cattle
    Abstract
    1. Introduction
    2. Materials and methods
    3. Results
        3.1 Feed intake
        3.2 Nutrient digestibility
        3.3 Nitrogen retention and average weight gain
        3.4 pH and NH_3-N concentration in rumen fluid
    4. Discussion
    5. Conclusion
CHAPTER 5. Effects of Concentrate Level on Performance of Vietnamese FatteningLocal Cattle
    Abstract
    1. Introduction
    2. Materials and methods
    3. Results
        3.1 Feed intake
        3.2 Nutrient digestibility
        3.3 Apparent nitrogen retention
        3.4 Body weight change
        3.5 pH and NH_3-N concentration in rumen fluid
    4. Discussion
    5. Conclusion
CHAPTER 6. Carcass Characteristic and Meat Quality of Vietnamese Local CattleFattened on Diets Containing Different Levels of Crude protein in Concentrate andConcentrate Levels
    Abstract
    1. Introduction
    2. Materials and methods
    3. Results
        3.1 Carcass characteristic
        3.2 Characteristic of Longissimus muscle
        3.3 Different organs weight
    4. Discussion
    5. Conclusion
CHAPTER 7. Effects of Crude Protein Level in Concentrate and Concentrate Level inDiet on In Vitro Fermentation and Gas Production
    Abstract
    1. Introduction
    2. Materials and methods
    3. Results
        3.1 Chemical composition, gas production, and apparent in vitro DM and OM digestibility
        3.2 pH, NH_3-N concentration and microbial CP
        3.3 Volatile fatty acid
    4. Discussion
    5. Conclusion
CHAPTER 8. General Discussion
CHAPTER 9. General Conclusion
Future Recommendations
Literature Cited
List of Publications from thesis



本文編號：3417995