隱孢子蟲（Cryptosporidium）和賈第蟲（Giardia）是兩種重要的人畜共患腸道原蟲,它們通常是經(jīng)過糞-口途徑直接進(jìn)入人或動物的宿主體內(nèi),伴隨著卵囊的攝取,最終引起人和動物的隱孢子蟲病和賈第蟲病,并伴隨著宿主的腹瀉;最近的流行病學(xué)研究表明,在隱孢子蟲病和賈第蟲病中,人畜共患之間的傳播起著重要的作用;牛,尤其是乳牛,是作為隱孢子蟲病和賈第蟲病在人和動物之間傳播的重要來源。然而,在一些地區(qū),例如中國湖北省,關(guān)于人和犢牛的隱孢子蟲和賈第蟲的流行病學(xué)的數(shù)據(jù)（比如優(yōu)勢蟲種和基因型）卻仍是一片空白。為此,本文針對這些問題開展了如下的研究:在第1章中,對這兩種原生寄生蟲的背景知識、關(guān)鍵的物種、生活史、傳播途徑、病原體的發(fā)病機制、診斷及其防控進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的介紹;并總結(jié)了已有的物種和基因型。通過對分子流行病學(xué)調(diào)查的總結(jié),提供了對隱孢子蟲和賈第蟲病防控的研究方向。在第2章中,對湖北省武漢市腹瀉兒童的隱孢子蟲、賈第蟲和微孢子蟲的分子流行病學(xué)調(diào)查進(jìn)行了首次報道。在2016年6月至2016年8月,對武漢市兒童醫(yī)院和武漢大學(xué)人民醫(yī)院門診部的腹瀉兒童新鮮糞便樣品共計500份進(jìn)行了隱孢子蟲、賈第蟲和微孢子蟲的... 

【文章來源】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：161 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
中文摘要
CHAPTER 1 - LITERATURE REVIEW
    1.1. Introduction
    1.2. Historical background and significance
        1.2.1. Cryptosporidium
        1.2.2. Giardia
    1.3. Cryptosporidium taxonomy and classification
        1.3.1. Nomenclature history
        1.3.2. Cryptosporidium species
            1.3.2.1 Cryptosporidium species of mammals
            1.3.2.2 Cryptosporidium species of birds
            1.3.2.3 Cryptosporidium species of reptiles
            1.3.2.4 Cryptosporidium species of fish
            1.3.2.5 Cryptosporidium species of amphibians
        1.3.3. Giardia classification
    1.4. General life cycles
        1.4.1. Cryptosporidium species
        1.4.2. Life cycle of Giardia
    1.5. Pathogenesis
    1.6. Clinical manifestations
    1.7. Diagnosis
        1.7.1 Conventional diagnosis
            1.7.1.1 Direct microscopy
            1.7.1.2 Flotation methods
            1.7.1.3 Staining techniques
        1.7.2. Immunological tools
        1.7.3. Molecular tools
            1.7.3.1 Nested-PCR
            1.7.3.2 RFLP analysis
            1.7.3.3 Real-time PCR
            1.7.3.4 Multiplexed tandem-PCR （MT-PCR）
            1.7.3.5 Other PCR methods
    1.8. Epidemiology
        1.8.1. Molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in humans
        1.8.2. Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes and zoonotic transmission
            1.8.2.1 Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes in humans, and zoonotic transmission
            1.8.2.2. Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes in animals
        1.8.3 Epidemiology of Giardia
            1.8.3.1 Zoonotic potential of Giardia
        1.8.4. Epidemiological evidence for zoonotic cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis
            1.8.4.1 Exposure
            1.8.4.2 Routes of transmission
    1.9. Recent insights into Cryptosporidium of cattle in China
        1.9.1. Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in dairy cattle in China
        1.9.2. Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in yaks in China
        1.9.3. Cryptosporidium species/subtypes in beef cattle and water buffalo in China
        1.9.4. Age distributions of Cryptosporidium species in cattle
    1.10. Recent insights into Cryptosporidium of humans in China
    1.11. Aspects of treatment, prevention, and control
    1.12. Conclusions from the literature and future prospects
CHAPTER 2 - FIRST SURVEY OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM, GIARDIA AND ENTEROCYTOZOON IN DIARRHORIC CHILDREN FROM WUHAN, CHINA ..
    2.1. Introduction
    2.2. Materials and methods
    2.3. Results and discussion
        2.3.1. Cryptosporidium
        2.3.2. Giardia
        2.3.3. Enterocytozoon
    2.4. Concluding remarks
CHAPTER 3 - MOLECULAR INVESTIGATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM AND GIARDIA FROM PRE- AND POST-WEANED CALVES IN HUBEI PROVINCE ..
    3.1. Introduction
    3.2. Materials and methods
    3.3. Results and discussion
        3.3.1. Cryptosporidium
        3.3.2. Giardia
    3.4. Conclusions
CHAPTER 4 - GENERAL DISCUSSION
Conclusion
References
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CURRICULUM VITAE


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