【摘要】：本試驗旨在研究不同飼糧模式對奶牛乳腺長鏈脂肪酸攝取的影響。選用健康且胎次、體重[(554±21)kg]、泌乳期[(120±4)d]和產(chǎn)奶量[(24.30±1.47)kg/d]相近的荷斯坦奶牛30頭,采用隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計,分為3組,每組10頭。3組奶牛飼喂不同模式的飼糧,即以苜蓿、羊草和全株玉米青貯為粗飼料的飼糧(MF組)、營養(yǎng)水平約同MF組但以單一玉米秸稈為粗飼料的飼糧(CS1組)和粗飼料比例等同MF組但以單一玉米秸稈為粗飼料的飼糧(CS2組)。試驗期90 d,分3期進(jìn)行,每期30 d,在每期的最后2 d采集飼糧樣、乳樣和血樣進(jìn)行檢測分析。結(jié)果表明:1)不同飼糧模式對奶牛的體重和干物質(zhì)采食量均無顯著影響(P0.05),但對奶牛的產(chǎn)奶量、乳脂率和日乳脂產(chǎn)量均有顯著影響(P0.05)。MF組的產(chǎn)奶量和日乳脂產(chǎn)量均顯著高于CS1組和CS2組(P0.05),而CS1組則顯著高于CS2組(P0.05);MF組的乳脂率顯著高于CS1組(P0.05)。2)不同飼糧模式對奶牛動、靜脈血漿中C16∶0、C18∶0、C18∶2cis-6、C18∶1 cis-9和總長鏈脂肪酸的濃度均無顯著影響(P0.05)。3)不同飼糧模式對奶牛的血流量造成了顯著的影響(P0.05),呈現(xiàn)出CS1組MF組CS2組。不同飼糧模式影響了奶牛動脈對總長鏈脂肪酸的供給量,表現(xiàn)為MF組和CS1組顯著大于CS2組(5 629.51、6 605.02 g/d vs.3 878.91 g/d)(P0.05)。4)不同飼糧模式影響了奶牛乳腺對總長鏈脂肪酸的攝取率,表現(xiàn)為MF組和CS2組顯著高于CS1組(10.99%、10.84%vs.7.39%)(P0.05)。5)不同飼糧模式影響了奶牛乳腺對總長鏈脂肪酸的攝取量,表現(xiàn)為MF組(618.69 g/d)CS1組(487.87 g/d)CS2組(420.56 g/d),組間差異顯著(P0.05)。本研究揭示了在低質(zhì)粗飼料條件下,增加精料濃度并不能有效提高奶牛乳腺對長鏈脂肪酸的攝取。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of different dietary patterns on breast long chain fatty acid uptake in dairy cows. Thirty Holstein cows with healthy and parity, body weight [(554 鹵21) kg], lactation period [(120 鹵4) d] and milk yield [(24. 30 鹵1. 47) kg/d] were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 cows in each group. The cows in the three groups were fed with different models of diet, that is, Medicago sativa, Leymus chinensis and whole plant corn silage as roughage (MF group), and 30 Holstein cows with similar lactation period [(120 鹵4) d] and milk yield [(24. 30 鹵1. 47) kg/d] were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 cows in each group. The nutritional level of the diet with single corn straw as roughage (CS1 group) and roughage ratio was about the same as that of MF group but with single corn straw as roughage group (CS2 group). The experimental period was 90 days, divided into 3 stages, 30 days each. Dietary samples, milk samples and blood samples were collected at the last 2 days of each phase for detection and analysis. The results showed that: 1) different dietary patterns had no significant effect on body weight and dry matter intake of dairy cows (P 0.05), but had significant effects on milk yield, milk fat rate and daily milk fat yield of dairy cows (P 0.05). The milk yield and daily milk fat yield of). MF group were significantly higher than those of CS1 group and CS2 group (P 0.05), while those of CS1 group were significantly higher than those of CS2 group (P 0.05). The milk fat rate of MF group was significantly higher than that of CS1 group (P 0.05). 2) different dietary patterns had no significant effect on blood flow of dairy cows in MF group (P 0.05). Different dietary patterns had no significant effect on the blood flow of dairy cows in MF group (P 0.05). 2) different dietary patterns had no significant effect on the blood flow of dairy cows (P 0.05), and there were no significant effects on the blood flow of dairy cows in different dietary patterns (P 0.05), showing that different dietary patterns had no significant effect on the blood flow of dairy cows in animal and venous plasma C16 鈮，

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