益生菌、果寡糖對(duì)后備母豬生長(zhǎng)性能、免疫功能和腸道微生物的影響研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-27 14:27
【摘要】：動(dòng)物福利問題在畜禽養(yǎng)殖中越來越引起人們的重視,盡管使用抗生素對(duì)畜禽的生長(zhǎng)有促進(jìn)作用,但是歐盟及一些國(guó)家已禁止抗生素使用或?qū)嵭袊?yán)格的限制。研制開發(fā)新型綠色環(huán)保的飼料添加劑是養(yǎng)殖業(yè)健康發(fā)展的前提。后備母豬的健康在生產(chǎn)中有舉足輕重的地位,決定著養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和未來。本試驗(yàn)旨在系統(tǒng)研究添加益生菌、果寡糖及組合對(duì)后備母豬生長(zhǎng)性能、養(yǎng)分消化率、免疫機(jī)能、腸道微生物和圈舍氨氣濃度的影響,為后備母豬的福利和健康養(yǎng)殖提供依據(jù)。(1)益生菌、果寡糖對(duì)后備母豬日增重的影響。試驗(yàn)選取相同日齡的大×長(zhǎng)白后備母豬224頭,隨機(jī)分為4個(gè)組,每組4個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)14頭。對(duì)照組飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧,3個(gè)試驗(yàn)組分別飼喂在基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加0.2%益生菌、0.1%果寡糖、0.1%益生菌和0.05%果寡糖的日糧,試驗(yàn)期30天。試驗(yàn)開始和結(jié)束時(shí)測(cè)定該批豬重量。結(jié)果表明,益生菌組、果寡糖組、益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組的平均日增重均有所提高,差異顯著(P0.05),其中益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組比對(duì)照組提高了21.2%,益生菌組、果寡糖組分別提高17.0%和8.51%。但各試驗(yàn)組之間未見顯著差異(P0.05)。(2)益生菌、果寡糖對(duì)后備母豬血清T3、T4的影響。在上述試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上每重復(fù)采集3頭母豬血清,用放射免疫法對(duì)T3、T4、GH含量進(jìn)行測(cè)定。結(jié)果表明,益生菌組、益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組血清中的T3、T4、GH的水平均顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),T3水平分別提高了29.4%和37.3%;T4水平分別提高了47.6%和52.6%;GH分別提高了16.3%和19.5%。添加果寡糖組T3有顯著提高了13.7%(P0.05),但對(duì)T4和GH影響不顯著(P0.05)。(3)益生菌、果寡糖對(duì)后備母豬養(yǎng)分消化率的影響。試驗(yàn)第24~30天連續(xù)7天每天每處理選取1頭母豬采集糞樣、料樣,試驗(yàn)結(jié)束后分別測(cè)定飼糧和糞中的蛋白質(zhì)和能量,計(jì)算蛋白質(zhì)和能量的消化率。結(jié)果表明,對(duì)照組相比,益生菌組、果寡糖組的能量消化率有顯著提高(P0.05),分別提高5.4%和4.9%,但益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組提高不顯著;益生菌組、果寡糖組粗蛋白的消化率顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),分別提高了8.4%和10.0%,但益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組的作用效果不顯著(P0.05)。(4)益生菌、果寡糖對(duì)后備母豬血清中IgA、IgG和IgM含量的影響。在上述試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上每重復(fù)采集3頭母豬進(jìn)行血清,用免疫比濁法對(duì)IgA、IgG和IgM進(jìn)行測(cè)定。結(jié)果表明,益生菌組、益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組血清中的IgG、IgA、IgM的水平均顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),IgG分別提高了2.5%和6.3%;IgA分別提高了9.5%和18.1%;IgM分別提高了2.1%和6.2%。但果寡糖組與對(duì)照組相比沒有顯著提高(P0.05)。(5)益生菌、果寡糖對(duì)后備母豬糞中微生物的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,與對(duì)照組相比,試驗(yàn)2、3和4組的大腸桿菌數(shù)量均顯著低于對(duì)照組(P0.05),分別降低了99%,100%和92%,試驗(yàn)組之間差異不顯著(P0.05);益生菌組、益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組的乳酸桿菌數(shù)量顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),分別提高46.7%和26.2%,但果寡糖組作用效果不顯著(P0.05);各試驗(yàn)組雙歧桿菌數(shù)量均有所提高(P0.05),分別提高了21.2%、33.7%和130%,其中益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組顯著高于對(duì)照組和果寡糖組(P0.05)。(6)益生菌、果寡糖對(duì)后備母豬圈舍中氨氣濃度的影響。采用納氏試劑比色法進(jìn)行氨氣濃度分析。與對(duì)照組相比,三個(gè)試驗(yàn)組的氨氣濃度均有顯著降低(P0.05),其中益生菌和果寡糖復(fù)合組豬舍中的氨氣濃度降低最為顯著(P0.05)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果說明:果寡糖和益生菌都可以不同程度的提高后備母豬的生長(zhǎng)性能、免疫機(jī)能,改善腸道菌群,降低母豬圈舍中氨氣濃度,且復(fù)合作用效果更為明顯,這一結(jié)論可以應(yīng)用到今后的生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中去。
[Abstract]:Animal welfare has attracted more and more attention in the breeding of livestock and poultry, although the use of antibiotics has a catalytic effect on the growth of livestock and poultry, but the EU and some countries have banned the use or strict restriction of antibiotics. The development of new green and environment-friendly feed additive is the prerequisite for the healthy development of the breeding industry. The health of the gilts plays a very important role in the production, and determines the economic and future of the pig farm. The purpose of this study is to study the effects of the addition of probiotics, fructo-oligosaccharides and combinations on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune function, intestinal micro-organism and the concentration of ammonia in the back-up sow, and provide the basis for the well-being and healthy cultivation of the back-up sow. (1) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the daily gain of the gilts. 224 heads of long white gilts of the same age of age were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group of 4 repeats, each of which was 14. In the control group, the basal diet and the three test groups were fed with the daily ration of 0.2% probiotics, 0.1% fruit oligose, 0.1% probiotics and 0.05% fruit oligosaccharides in the basal diet, and the test period was 30 days. The weight of the pigs was measured at the beginning and end of the test. The results showed that the average daily weight gain of the probiotic group, the fructo-oligosaccharide group, the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide compound group was improved, and the difference was significant (P0.05), in which the combination group of the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide was increased by 21.2%, the probiotic group and the fructo-oligosaccharide group increased by 17.0% and 8.51%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the test groups (P0.05). (2) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the serum T3 and T4 of the gilts. The serum of 3 sows was collected on the basis of the above test, and the contents of T3, T4 and GH were determined by radioimmunoassay. The results showed that the levels of T3, T4 and GH in the serum of the probiotic group, the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide compound group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05), the T3 levels increased by 29.4% and 37.3%, respectively; the T4 levels increased by 47.6% and 52.6%, respectively; and the GH was increased by 16.3% and 19.5%, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant increase of T3 in the group of fructo-oligosaccharides (P <0.05), but the effect on T4 and GH was not significant (P0.05). (3) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the nutrient digestibility of the back-up sow. The protein and energy in the diet and the feces were measured every day for 7 consecutive days on the 24th to 30th day of the experiment, and the digestibility of the protein and the energy was calculated. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the energy digestibility of the probiotic group and the fructo-oligosaccharide group increased significantly (P0.05), and the difference of the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide group was increased by 5.4% and 4.9%, respectively. The digestibility of the crude protein in the probiotic group and the fruit-oligosaccharide group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). 8.4% and 10.0% respectively, but the effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharide compound group was not significant (P0.05). (4) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the content of IgA, IgG and IgM in the serum of the gilts. The serum of 3 sows was collected on the basis of the above-mentioned test, and the IgA, IgG and IgM were determined by immunoturbidimetry. The results showed that the levels of IgG, IgA and IgM in the serum of the probiotics group, the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide compound group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05), the IgG of the group was increased by 2.5% and 6.3%, and the IgA was increased by 9.5% and 18.1%, respectively, and the IgM was increased by 2.1% and 6.2%, respectively. However, there was no significant improvement in the fructo-oligosaccharide group compared with the control group (P0.05). (5) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the microorganisms in the back-up sow. The results showed that the number of E. coli in the 2,3 and 4 groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P0.05). The difference between the test groups was not significant (P0.05). The number of lactobacilli in the combination group of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharide was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). The results showed that the number of bifidobacteria in the group was increased by 21.2%, 33.7% and 130%, respectively. In which the combination group of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharide was significantly higher than that in the control group and the fruit-oligosaccharide group (P0.05). (6) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the ammonia concentration in the back-up sow. The ammonia concentration analysis was carried out by the Nessler's reagent colorimetric method. The concentration of ammonia in the three groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.05). The results of the test show that both the fructo-oligosaccharides and the probiotics can improve the growth performance and immune function of the gilts, improve the intestinal flora and reduce the ammonia concentration in the ring house of the sow, and the effect of the compound effect is more obvious, and the conclusion can be applied to the production practice in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828
本文編號(hào)：2506870
[Abstract]:Animal welfare has attracted more and more attention in the breeding of livestock and poultry, although the use of antibiotics has a catalytic effect on the growth of livestock and poultry, but the EU and some countries have banned the use or strict restriction of antibiotics. The development of new green and environment-friendly feed additive is the prerequisite for the healthy development of the breeding industry. The health of the gilts plays a very important role in the production, and determines the economic and future of the pig farm. The purpose of this study is to study the effects of the addition of probiotics, fructo-oligosaccharides and combinations on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune function, intestinal micro-organism and the concentration of ammonia in the back-up sow, and provide the basis for the well-being and healthy cultivation of the back-up sow. (1) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the daily gain of the gilts. 224 heads of long white gilts of the same age of age were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group of 4 repeats, each of which was 14. In the control group, the basal diet and the three test groups were fed with the daily ration of 0.2% probiotics, 0.1% fruit oligose, 0.1% probiotics and 0.05% fruit oligosaccharides in the basal diet, and the test period was 30 days. The weight of the pigs was measured at the beginning and end of the test. The results showed that the average daily weight gain of the probiotic group, the fructo-oligosaccharide group, the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide compound group was improved, and the difference was significant (P0.05), in which the combination group of the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide was increased by 21.2%, the probiotic group and the fructo-oligosaccharide group increased by 17.0% and 8.51%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the test groups (P0.05). (2) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the serum T3 and T4 of the gilts. The serum of 3 sows was collected on the basis of the above test, and the contents of T3, T4 and GH were determined by radioimmunoassay. The results showed that the levels of T3, T4 and GH in the serum of the probiotic group, the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide compound group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05), the T3 levels increased by 29.4% and 37.3%, respectively; the T4 levels increased by 47.6% and 52.6%, respectively; and the GH was increased by 16.3% and 19.5%, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant increase of T3 in the group of fructo-oligosaccharides (P <0.05), but the effect on T4 and GH was not significant (P0.05). (3) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the nutrient digestibility of the back-up sow. The protein and energy in the diet and the feces were measured every day for 7 consecutive days on the 24th to 30th day of the experiment, and the digestibility of the protein and the energy was calculated. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the energy digestibility of the probiotic group and the fructo-oligosaccharide group increased significantly (P0.05), and the difference of the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide group was increased by 5.4% and 4.9%, respectively. The digestibility of the crude protein in the probiotic group and the fruit-oligosaccharide group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). 8.4% and 10.0% respectively, but the effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharide compound group was not significant (P0.05). (4) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the content of IgA, IgG and IgM in the serum of the gilts. The serum of 3 sows was collected on the basis of the above-mentioned test, and the IgA, IgG and IgM were determined by immunoturbidimetry. The results showed that the levels of IgG, IgA and IgM in the serum of the probiotics group, the probiotics and the fructo-oligosaccharide compound group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05), the IgG of the group was increased by 2.5% and 6.3%, and the IgA was increased by 9.5% and 18.1%, respectively, and the IgM was increased by 2.1% and 6.2%, respectively. However, there was no significant improvement in the fructo-oligosaccharide group compared with the control group (P0.05). (5) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the microorganisms in the back-up sow. The results showed that the number of E. coli in the 2,3 and 4 groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P0.05). The difference between the test groups was not significant (P0.05). The number of lactobacilli in the combination group of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharide was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). The results showed that the number of bifidobacteria in the group was increased by 21.2%, 33.7% and 130%, respectively. In which the combination group of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharide was significantly higher than that in the control group and the fruit-oligosaccharide group (P0.05). (6) The effect of probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharides on the ammonia concentration in the back-up sow. The ammonia concentration analysis was carried out by the Nessler's reagent colorimetric method. The concentration of ammonia in the three groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.05). The results of the test show that both the fructo-oligosaccharides and the probiotics can improve the growth performance and immune function of the gilts, improve the intestinal flora and reduce the ammonia concentration in the ring house of the sow, and the effect of the compound effect is more obvious, and the conclusion can be applied to the production practice in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828
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