【摘要】：象草由于其產(chǎn)量高,營(yíng)養(yǎng)含量也比較理想,已在我國(guó)南方各省廣泛推廣。桂牧一號(hào)象草是廣西畜牧研究所經(jīng)過多年培育,其產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量均高于親本的象草新品種,但多年的推廣應(yīng)用發(fā)現(xiàn)其飼喂反芻動(dòng)物效果并不理想。本試驗(yàn)采用體外產(chǎn)氣法、尼龍袋-靜態(tài)發(fā)酵法分別對(duì)桂牧一號(hào)象草消化特性進(jìn)行研究,旨在探索影響象草利用的因素,以便更好的利用其飼用價(jià)值。研究?jī)?nèi)容分為以下三部分：1.利用體外產(chǎn)氣法評(píng)定桂牧一號(hào)雜交象草在3種不同瘤胃液中48小時(shí)內(nèi)的產(chǎn)氣特性,瘤胃液的供體分別來源：飼喂桂牧一號(hào)象草的山羊(山羊瘤胃液Ⅰ)；常規(guī)精料+粗料飼喂模式的山羊(山羊瘤胃液Ⅱ)；常規(guī)精料+粗料飼喂模式的黑白花奶牛(奶牛瘤胃液Ⅲ)。體外消化3h、6h、12h、24h和48h的產(chǎn)氣量,結(jié)果表明：產(chǎn)氣量隨著體外培養(yǎng)時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)呈逐級(jí)遞增趨勢(shì),桂牧一號(hào)雜交象草在山羊瘤胃液Ⅰ的產(chǎn)氣量最高(28mL)。體外消化3h、6h和12h,產(chǎn)氣量均為：山羊瘤胃Ⅱ組山羊瘤胃液I組奶牛瘤胃液Ⅲ組；體外消化24h和48h均為：山羊瘤胃液Ⅰ組山羊瘤胃Ⅱ組奶牛瘤胃液Ⅲ組�？偖a(chǎn)氣量為山羊瘤胃液Ⅰ組(28.OOmL)山羊瘤胃II組(24.97mL)奶牛瘤胃液Ⅲ組(22.71 mL),其中Ⅰ組和Ⅲ組差異顯著(P0.05)。桂牧一號(hào)象草體外產(chǎn)氣曲線分布呈現(xiàn)“S”形。2.尼龍袋——靜態(tài)發(fā)酵法研究桂牧一號(hào)象草養(yǎng)分消化率：利用尼龍袋法進(jìn)行靜態(tài)發(fā)酵,研究桂牧一號(hào)象草干物質(zhì)(DM)、粗蛋白、可溶性蛋白、真蛋白、粗纖維、中性洗滌纖維、酸性洗滌纖維在瘤胃液中的降解規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：桂牧一號(hào)象草體外發(fā)酵12h、24h、48h干物質(zhì)降解率分別為23.39%、33.95%、45.74%；蛋白組中粗蛋白和真蛋白的降解率隨消化時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)逐步升高,可溶性粗蛋白質(zhì)降解率在0-12h逐步上升,12h-24h降解率呈下降趨勢(shì),呈S形分布,48h內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)這種前期(0-12h)消化率高而中后期(12-48h)低的消化特性與產(chǎn)氣法規(guī)律并不一致,說明象草中的蛋白質(zhì)和碳水化合物在瘤胃內(nèi)的消化生理是不同的。纖維組中各成分降解率隨消化時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而逐步升高；粗纖維降解率較低,48h降解率為26.78%,其規(guī)律與體外產(chǎn)氣規(guī)律一致。3.桂牧一號(hào)象草氨基酸降解率的研究,表明象草氨基酸濃度在降解后有上升趨勢(shì),經(jīng)瘤胃液降解后氨基酸占粗蛋白的比例上升。象草瘤胃液培養(yǎng)12小時(shí),Arg、Lys、His、Val、Ile和Leu降解率分別為9.2%、4.76%、0.41%、8.07%、9.2%、9.46%,說明其消化前期能抵抗瘤胃液降解。綜合分析表明,桂牧一號(hào)象草在瘤胃中12h內(nèi)消化有受阻現(xiàn)象,主要表現(xiàn)為產(chǎn)氣量偏低,粗纖維和部分氨基酸(Arg、Lys、His、Val、Ile和Leu)降解率受阻,這可能就是象草在反芻動(dòng)物中飼養(yǎng)效果不理想的原因。不同來源瘤胃液的體外產(chǎn)氣試驗(yàn)表明,長(zhǎng)期飼喂象草有助于消除受阻現(xiàn)象和提高反芻動(dòng)物對(duì)象草的消化率。
[Abstract]:Elephant grass has been widely popularized in southern China because of its high yield and ideal nutritional content. Guimu No. 1 elephant grass is a new variety of elephant grass which has been cultivated by Guangxi Animal Husbandry Research Institute for many years, and its yield and quality are higher than those of its parents. However, after years of popularization and application, it has been found that the effect of feeding ruminants is not ideal. In this experiment, the digestion characteristics of Guimu No. 1 elephant grass were studied by in vitro gas production method and nylon bag static fermentation method, in order to explore the factors affecting the utilization of elephant grass, so as to make better use of its feeding value. The research content is divided into the following three parts: 1. The gas production characteristics of Guimu No. 1 hybrid elephant grass in three different rumen juice within 48 hours were evaluated by in vitro gas production method. The donor sources of rumen juice were as follows: the goat fed Guimu No. 1 elephant grass (goat rumen fluid I); Goat rumen fluid (goat rumen fluid II) and black and white dairy cow (rumen fluid III) were fed with conventional concentrate crude feed mode and black and white dairy cows with conventional concentrate crude feed mode (goat rumen fluid II) and black and white dairy cows (rumen fluid III) with conventional concentrate crude feed mode. The gas production was increased step by step with the prolongation of culture time in vitro for 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, and the gas production of Guimu No. 1 hybrid elephant grass in goat rumen liquid I was the highest (28mL). After in vitro digestion for 3 hours, 6 h and 12 h, the gas production was as follows: goat rumen fluid group II goat rumen fluid group I group dairy cow rumen fluid group III, goat rumen fluid group 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2492041