中國沿海才女蟲屬復(fù)合體的分類學(xué)和組織學(xué)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-20 18:23
【摘要】：本文運(yùn)用分子系統(tǒng)發(fā)育、活體觀察、掃描電鏡技術(shù)、組織切片技術(shù)及線粒體基因組全序列獲得技術(shù)對(duì)我國部分沿海城市大連、煙臺(tái)、南通、溫州、寧波、陽江、深圳、湛江、海南等地的貝類寄生才女蟲屬復(fù)合體進(jìn)行了分類學(xué)和組織學(xué)的研究,得出了以下結(jié)果。1.才女蟲屬復(fù)合體在沿海地區(qū)的分布此次調(diào)查共發(fā)現(xiàn)7種才女蟲屬復(fù)合體,分別是陵水才女蟲(Polydora lingshuiensis)、呼普拉才女蟲(Polydora huplara)、短觸手才女蟲(Polydora brevipalpa)、艷麗才女蟲(Polydora aura)、韋氏才女蟲(Polydora websteri)、哈氏才女蟲(Polydora haswelli)以及南通新種才女蟲(Polydora sp.)。其中P.lingshuiensis分布于海南、陽江、深圳、湛江等地,而P.hoplura、P.brevipalpa和P.aura相應(yīng)地分布在溫州、大連和煙臺(tái),P.websteri分布在寧波和陽江,P.haswelli分布在深圳和湛江。Polydora sp.在南通、陽江、深圳、湛江高緯度和低緯度等地均有分布,是分布最廣泛的才女蟲屬復(fù)合體。2.才女蟲屬復(fù)合體形態(tài)學(xué)運(yùn)用光鏡和電鏡掃描技術(shù)對(duì)短觸手才女蟲和陵水才女蟲的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)做了系統(tǒng)研究,結(jié)果顯示:共同點(diǎn):(1)光鏡下蟲體半透明呈淺褐色,觸手邊緣具黑色斑帶;口前葉前端鈍圓,腦后脊延伸至第Ⅲ體節(jié)中部,眼點(diǎn)兩對(duì),呈梯型排列;第Ⅴ剛節(jié)剛毛變形膨大成爪狀且具側(cè)凸緣,鰓始于第七體節(jié),蟲體背部中央及鰓中央血管明顯,且血液在快速流動(dòng)。尾部圓盤狀,背部具缺刻,肛口開于中間。(2)電鏡下蟲體觸手中央具食物溝,內(nèi)布滿纖毛,觸角缺失。自第Ⅶ體節(jié)起,背部鰓之間具橫向纖毛帶,腹剛毛被雙齒巾鉤剛毛取代。不同點(diǎn):(1)陵水才女蟲觸手基部的表面具有一個(gè)指狀的中觸角,而短觸手才女蟲缺失。(2)短觸手才女蟲第Ⅴ剛節(jié)粗足刺剛毛末端具有側(cè)齒,但陵水才女蟲第剛節(jié)粗足刺剛毛末端只是具有凹面。3.才女蟲屬復(fù)合體組織學(xué)運(yùn)用組織切片技術(shù)對(duì)短觸手才女蟲內(nèi)部組織結(jié)構(gòu)做了系統(tǒng)的研究,結(jié)果顯示:蟲體主要由表皮、肌肉層和消化管組成。頭部角質(zhì)層明顯增厚且肌肉發(fā)達(dá),表皮層富含大量的腺細(xì)胞,肌肉層發(fā)達(dá)出現(xiàn)斜肌,消化管上皮細(xì)胞游離面密集而規(guī)則排列的絨毛構(gòu)成明顯的紋狀緣,且每個(gè)體節(jié)均有一對(duì)側(cè)生血管、一對(duì)腺袋、以及一對(duì)后腎管。排泄系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)較高級(jí)的后腎管,其腎口開口于體腔,腎孔與體外相連;循環(huán)系統(tǒng)為完全閉管式循環(huán),除卻中央的背腹血管外,還有大量的側(cè)生血管以及一些毛細(xì)血管網(wǎng);消化系統(tǒng)中,咽部膨大成三個(gè)腔,分為兩個(gè)觸手腔和一個(gè)主咽腔,腸道結(jié)構(gòu)分為四層分別為:外膜層、肌層、黏膜下層和黏膜層。形態(tài)學(xué)和組織學(xué)的結(jié)合可以得出結(jié)論:短觸手才女蟲鑿洞寄生是由其表皮層腺細(xì)胞分泌黏液化學(xué)腐蝕劑和第五體節(jié)變形剛毛機(jī)械磨損共同作用的結(jié)果。4.才女蟲屬復(fù)合體線粒體基因組全序列運(yùn)用long PCR技術(shù)首次獲得Polydora sp.線粒體基因組全長(zhǎng)序列。線粒體全長(zhǎng)序列共17609個(gè)堿基,共編碼38個(gè)基因,其中包括13個(gè)編碼蛋白質(zhì)的基因、23個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)RNA的基因,以及2個(gè)核糖體RNA基因,比其他環(huán)節(jié)動(dòng)物多一個(gè)甲硫氨酸轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)RNA基因。包含了21個(gè)非編碼區(qū),4個(gè)較大的非編碼區(qū),而不是單獨(dú)的一個(gè),余下非編碼區(qū)較小,摻雜在線粒體各個(gè)基因之間。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we use the molecular phylogeny, living body observation, scanning electron microscope technique, tissue slice technique and the whole sequence of the mitochondrial genome to obtain the technology to some coastal cities in China, such as Dalian, Yantai, Nantong, Wenzhou, Ningbo, Yangjiang, Shenzhen and Zhanjiang. The taxonomic and histological studies of the species of parasitism of shellfish in Hainan and other fields have been studied, and the following results are obtained. The distribution of the complex in the coastal area of the three species of the species is the complex of the seven species of the species, such as the polyspora lingshuiensis, the polyspora huplara, the polyspora brevipalpa, the polyspora aura and the polyspora websteri, respectively. Polypora haswelli and polyspora sp., a new species of nantong. ) P. lingshuiensis is distributed in Hainan, Yangjiang, Shenzhen and Zhanjiang, while P. hoplura, P. brevipalpa and P. aura are distributed in Wenzhou, Dalian and Yantai, P. websteri are distributed in Ningbo and Yangjiang, P. haswelli is distributed in Shenzhen and Zhanjiang. Polyora sp. In Nantong, Yangjiang, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, that high latitude and the low latitude are all distributed, and are the most widely distributed female worm. A systematic study on the morphological structure of the short-touch-hand and the Lingshui-gifted female worm was carried out by light-and electron-microscope scanning techniques, and the results showed that: (1) Under light microscope, the body semi-transparent was light brown, the edge of the contact hand had a black spot, and the front-end of the mouth was blunt. The posterior ridge extends to the middle of the third section, and the two pairs of the eye points are in the form of a ladder; the first section of the V-section is deformed and expanded into a claw-like and side-flange, which starts from the seventh section, and the central and central blood vessels in the back of the body of the worm body are obvious, and the blood is rapidly flowing. The tail is disc-shaped, the back has a notch, and the anal opening is open in the middle. (2) Under the electron microscope, the center of the contact hand of the insect body is provided with a food groove, and the inside is covered with the cilia and the antenna is missing. From the first section of the body, there is a transverse ciliated band between the back and the back, and the ventral bristles are replaced with the setae of the double-tooth towel. The different points: (1) The surface of the base of the tentacles of the top of the Potentilla of the Lingshui has a finger-like middle tentacles, while the short-tentacles are missing. (2) The tail of the second section of the second section of the short tentacles has the side teeth, but the end of the second section of the first section of the female worm of the Lingshui is only with a concave surface. A systematic study of the structure of the inner tissue of the short-tentacles with the tissue-slicing technique was carried out by the tissue-slicing technique, and the results showed that the body was mainly composed of the epidermis, the muscle layer and the digestive tube. the stratum corneum of the head is obviously thickened and muscular, the skin layer is rich in a large amount of glandular cells, And a pair of back kidney tubes. the excretory system has a higher-level back-kidney tube, the kidney-opening of which is open in the body cavity, the kidney hole is connected with the body, the circulatory system is a completely closed-tube type circulation, It is divided into two tentacle cavities and one main pharyngeal cavity, and the intestinal structure is divided into four layers, namely, the outer membrane layer, the myometrium, the submucosal layer and the mucous membrane layer. The combination of morphology and histology can be concluded that a short-touch-and-talented female worm is a result of the co-action of the secretion of the mucochemical etchant and the mechanical wear of the fifth-body section of the glandular cell. Polymorpha sp. was first obtained by using the long PCR technique in the whole sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the complex. The full-length sequence of the mitochondrial genome. A total of 17609 bases of the mitochondrial full length sequence, a total of 38 genes, including 13 genes encoding the protein,23 genes for transporting the RNA, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, more than one methionine transporter RNA gene of the other ring-section animals. There are 21 non-coding regions, four large non-coding regions, rather than a single one, and the remaining non-coding regions are smaller and are doped between the respective genes of the mitochondria.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S852.7
本文編號(hào)：2481859
[Abstract]:In this paper, we use the molecular phylogeny, living body observation, scanning electron microscope technique, tissue slice technique and the whole sequence of the mitochondrial genome to obtain the technology to some coastal cities in China, such as Dalian, Yantai, Nantong, Wenzhou, Ningbo, Yangjiang, Shenzhen and Zhanjiang. The taxonomic and histological studies of the species of parasitism of shellfish in Hainan and other fields have been studied, and the following results are obtained. The distribution of the complex in the coastal area of the three species of the species is the complex of the seven species of the species, such as the polyspora lingshuiensis, the polyspora huplara, the polyspora brevipalpa, the polyspora aura and the polyspora websteri, respectively. Polypora haswelli and polyspora sp., a new species of nantong. ) P. lingshuiensis is distributed in Hainan, Yangjiang, Shenzhen and Zhanjiang, while P. hoplura, P. brevipalpa and P. aura are distributed in Wenzhou, Dalian and Yantai, P. websteri are distributed in Ningbo and Yangjiang, P. haswelli is distributed in Shenzhen and Zhanjiang. Polyora sp. In Nantong, Yangjiang, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, that high latitude and the low latitude are all distributed, and are the most widely distributed female worm. A systematic study on the morphological structure of the short-touch-hand and the Lingshui-gifted female worm was carried out by light-and electron-microscope scanning techniques, and the results showed that: (1) Under light microscope, the body semi-transparent was light brown, the edge of the contact hand had a black spot, and the front-end of the mouth was blunt. The posterior ridge extends to the middle of the third section, and the two pairs of the eye points are in the form of a ladder; the first section of the V-section is deformed and expanded into a claw-like and side-flange, which starts from the seventh section, and the central and central blood vessels in the back of the body of the worm body are obvious, and the blood is rapidly flowing. The tail is disc-shaped, the back has a notch, and the anal opening is open in the middle. (2) Under the electron microscope, the center of the contact hand of the insect body is provided with a food groove, and the inside is covered with the cilia and the antenna is missing. From the first section of the body, there is a transverse ciliated band between the back and the back, and the ventral bristles are replaced with the setae of the double-tooth towel. The different points: (1) The surface of the base of the tentacles of the top of the Potentilla of the Lingshui has a finger-like middle tentacles, while the short-tentacles are missing. (2) The tail of the second section of the second section of the short tentacles has the side teeth, but the end of the second section of the first section of the female worm of the Lingshui is only with a concave surface. A systematic study of the structure of the inner tissue of the short-tentacles with the tissue-slicing technique was carried out by the tissue-slicing technique, and the results showed that the body was mainly composed of the epidermis, the muscle layer and the digestive tube. the stratum corneum of the head is obviously thickened and muscular, the skin layer is rich in a large amount of glandular cells, And a pair of back kidney tubes. the excretory system has a higher-level back-kidney tube, the kidney-opening of which is open in the body cavity, the kidney hole is connected with the body, the circulatory system is a completely closed-tube type circulation, It is divided into two tentacle cavities and one main pharyngeal cavity, and the intestinal structure is divided into four layers, namely, the outer membrane layer, the myometrium, the submucosal layer and the mucous membrane layer. The combination of morphology and histology can be concluded that a short-touch-and-talented female worm is a result of the co-action of the secretion of the mucochemical etchant and the mechanical wear of the fifth-body section of the glandular cell. Polymorpha sp. was first obtained by using the long PCR technique in the whole sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the complex. The full-length sequence of the mitochondrial genome. A total of 17609 bases of the mitochondrial full length sequence, a total of 38 genes, including 13 genes encoding the protein,23 genes for transporting the RNA, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, more than one methionine transporter RNA gene of the other ring-section animals. There are 21 non-coding regions, four large non-coding regions, rather than a single one, and the remaining non-coding regions are smaller and are doped between the respective genes of the mitochondria.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S852.7
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
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