【摘要】：豬圓環(huán)病毒(Porcine circovirus,PCV)II型(PCV2)是目前對生豬養(yǎng)殖業(yè)危害最大的免疫抑制性病毒之一。近年來,該病的發(fā)病率逐漸增高,傳播速度不斷加快,給全球養(yǎng)豬業(yè)帶來重創(chuàng),相關(guān)領(lǐng)域研究者認(rèn)為該病是繼豬藍(lán)耳病(Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome,PRRS)之后新發(fā)的又一嚴(yán)重傳染病。鑒于PCV2對養(yǎng)豬業(yè)的巨大危害,北美和西歐等國家的學(xué)者們率先于上世紀(jì)90年代初對PCV2進(jìn)行了大量的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查,郎洪武等也自2000年起對我國北方多個地區(qū)的豬群進(jìn)行了PCV2流行病學(xué)調(diào)查,此后國內(nèi)對該病日趨重視。目前已初步掌握了PCV2在我國大部分地區(qū)的存在和流行狀況。由于上海地區(qū)生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)的大流通格局,青浦地區(qū)毗鄰江蘇、浙江等養(yǎng)豬大省,有必要對該地區(qū)規(guī)模豬場PCV2的流行現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的調(diào)查。本文在2011年10月到2013年5月期間,對上海青浦地區(qū)7家規(guī)模豬場進(jìn)行了豬圓環(huán)病毒II型感染情況的調(diào)查:為了調(diào)查豬群中PCV2的抗體水平,采集了3463份血液樣品,并采用ELISA方法進(jìn)行了抗體檢測。結(jié)果顯示,在2973份未免疫被檢血清樣品中,抗體陽性率達(dá)37.10%(1103/2973),表明未進(jìn)行PCV2免疫的豬場,其豬群已普遍存在pcv2感染。不同年份樣品的檢測結(jié)果顯示,抗體陽性率分別為:2011年下半年達(dá)24.22%(179/739);2012年上半年達(dá)35.76%(270/755);2012年下半年達(dá)42.80%(321/750);2013年上半年達(dá)45.68%(333/729),提示豬場中pcv2感染呈現(xiàn)逐年升高的趨勢。從發(fā)病情況看,pcv2在各豬場還存在著一定比例的隱性感染。抗體檢測表明所有受檢豬群均存在pcv2感染。為了調(diào)查豬群攜帶pcv2的情況,采集了3464份血液樣品,并采用pcr技術(shù)進(jìn)行病原學(xué)檢測。結(jié)果顯示,在2974份未免疫被檢血清樣品中,pcv2陽性率達(dá)18.04%(625/2974),表明未進(jìn)行pcv2免疫的豬場,pcv2檢出率均較高,受檢豬群存在pcv2感染。不同年份樣品的檢測結(jié)果顯示,病原陽性率分別為:2011年下半年達(dá)10.41%(77/740);2012年上半年達(dá)16.56%(125/755);2012年下半年達(dá)22.67%(170/750);2013年上半年達(dá)30.59%(223/729),陽性率呈現(xiàn)持續(xù)增長的趨勢,提示pcv2的感染在逐年加劇。為了確定pcv2疫苗的免疫效果,采集免疫豬場的血清樣品490份,同時檢測抗體和病原,結(jié)果顯示,抗體檢測陽性率為73.67%,pcr檢測陽性率為6.12%,抗體陽性率顯著高于其它6家未免疫豬場,而病原學(xué)檢測陽性率則顯著低于其它豬場,提示免疫接種對pcv2的防控具有臨床價值。為了研究不同日齡豬群感染pcv2的情況,分別采集經(jīng)產(chǎn)母豬、種公豬、后備母豬、育肥豬和斷奶仔豬五個不同日齡段的豬血清樣本進(jìn)行抗體水平檢測。結(jié)果顯示,抗體陽性率由低至高分別為:后備母豬(23.15%)、育肥豬(39.76%)、斷奶仔豬(40.27%)、經(jīng)產(chǎn)母豬(44.75%)和種公豬(46.88%)。綜上可見,青浦地區(qū)規(guī)模豬場中普遍存在豬圓環(huán)病毒2型感染,開展免疫預(yù)防及綜合防控措施對保障生豬養(yǎng)殖安全非常必要。
[Abstract]:Porcine circovirus (Porcine circovirus,PCV) type II (PCV2) is one of the most harmful immunosuppressive viruses to pig breeding. In recent years, the incidence of the disease has gradually increased, and the speed of transmission has been speeding up, which has brought heavy damage to the world pig industry. Researchers in related fields believe that the disease is a new serious infectious disease after (Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome,PRRS (swine blue ear disease). In view of the great harm to pig industry caused by PCV2, scholars in North America and Western Europe took the lead in carrying out a large number of epidemiological investigations on PCV2 in the early 1990s. Since 2000, Lang Hongwu and others have carried out PCV2 epidemiological investigation on pig populations in many areas of northern China. Since then, more and more attention has been paid to the disease in China. At present, the existence and prevalence of PCV2 in most areas of China have been preliminarily grasped. Due to the large-scale circulation pattern of pig industry in Shanghai, Qingpu area is adjacent to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other pig-raising provinces. It is necessary to investigate the epidemic situation of PCV2 in pig farms on a large scale in this area. From October 2011 to May 2013, 3463 blood samples were collected from seven large-scale pig farms in Qingpu, Shanghai, to investigate the infection of porcine circovirus type II. In order to investigate the antibody level of PCV2 in the pig population, 3463 blood samples were collected. The antibody was detected by ELISA method. The results showed that the positive rate of antibody was 37.10% (1103x2973) in 2973 unimmunized serum samples, which indicated that pcv2 infection was common in pigs without PCV2 immunization. The results showed that the positive rate of antibody was 24.22% (179 鈮，

本文編號：2473013