發(fā)酵玉米秸稈對(duì)育肥豬生產(chǎn)性能及盲腸微生物區(qū)系的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-20 15:23
【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)研究不同比例發(fā)酵玉米秸稈日糧對(duì)育肥豬生長(zhǎng)性能、飼料養(yǎng)分消化率、盲腸發(fā)酵效果及其微生物區(qū)系的變化的影響,為在育肥豬日糧中科學(xué)合理地應(yīng)用玉米秸稈資源提供理論依據(jù)。選用體重相近(30.4±1.53kg)的健康杜長(zhǎng)大三元雜交豬72頭,隨機(jī)分成4個(gè)處理,每個(gè)處理3個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)6頭豬并飼養(yǎng)于同一豬舍中。試驗(yàn)處理分別為對(duì)照組、10%、15%和20%發(fā)酵玉米秸稈組。試驗(yàn)全程為期80d,其中預(yù)試期3d,正試期77d,試驗(yàn)豬自由采食和飲水,準(zhǔn)確記錄每組的采食量,觀察豬群的采食情況及健康狀況。試驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí),每組隨機(jī)選取6頭豬進(jìn)行屠宰,取樣測(cè)定盲腸內(nèi)揮發(fā)性脂肪酸含量及微生物區(qū)系。研究結(jié)果表明:添加不同比例發(fā)酵玉米秸稈后,顯著提高試驗(yàn)豬的平均日采食量和料肉比(P㩳0.05),但在整個(gè)試驗(yàn)期間平均日增重差異不顯著(P0.05)。隨著發(fā)酵秸稈添加量的提高,各營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)消化率均顯著降低(P㩳0.05)。盲腸內(nèi)pH及發(fā)酵生成的揮發(fā)性脂肪酸含量差異不顯著(P0.05),但隨著發(fā)酵秸稈添加量的提高盲腸pH有降低趨勢(shì),乙酸含量升高,總揮發(fā)性脂肪酸含量15%秸稈組最多,即15%秸稈組發(fā)酵效果最好。通過(guò)高通量測(cè)序結(jié)果和PCR-DGGE圖譜分析表明日糧中添加發(fā)酵玉米秸稈后,試驗(yàn)豬盲腸內(nèi)微生物多樣性有所提高,微生物以Firmicutes(厚壁菌門)為主,含量可達(dá)到61.73%-86.51%;Streptococcus(鏈球菌屬)、Acetivibrio(醋弧菌屬)、Lactobacillus(乳酸菌屬)和Ochrobactrum(蒼白桿菌屬)在盲腸內(nèi)的的含量相對(duì)升高;同時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn)Robinsoniella(瘤胃球菌屬)、Paraprevotella(普雷沃氏菌屬)、Succinivibrio(琥珀酸弧菌屬)等能分解纖維類物質(zhì)的菌屬的存在,隨著秸稈添加量的提高其總量也有所增加。由上述研究結(jié)果表明,隨著發(fā)酵秸稈添加量的提高對(duì)育肥豬生產(chǎn)性能影響不大,但會(huì)顯著提高平均日采食量和料肉比,顯著降低營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)消化率,提高盲腸內(nèi)微生物多樣性。綜合上述各個(gè)指標(biāo),添加15%發(fā)酵玉米秸稈對(duì)育肥豬的飼喂效果最好。
[Abstract]:The effects of different proportion of fermented corn straw diets on growth performance, feed nutrient digestibility, caecal fermentation effect and microbial flora of finishing pigs were studied in this experiment. It provides a theoretical basis for the scientific and reasonable application of corn straw resources in the diet of fattening pigs. Seventy-two healthy Duchang three-way hybrid pigs with similar body weight (30.4 鹵1.53 kg) were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each with 3 duplications, each with 6 pigs and raised in the same pighouse. The control group was treated with 10%, 15% and 20% fermented corn straw, respectively. The whole experiment lasted for 80 days, in which the pre-test period was 3 days and the trial period was 77 days. The pigs were free to take food and drinking water. The intake of each group was recorded accurately, and the feeding situation and health status of the pigs were observed. At the end of the experiment, six pigs in each group were randomly selected for slaughter, and the contents of volatile fatty acids and microbial flora in cecum were determined by sampling. The results showed that the average daily intake and feed-to-meat ratio of the pigs were significantly increased by adding different proportion of fermented corn straw (P0. 05), but there was no significant difference in the average daily gain during the whole experiment period (P 0. 05). With the increase of the amount of fermented straw, the digestibility of all nutrients decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of pH in cecum and the volatile fatty acids produced by fermentation (P0.05), but with the increase of the amount of fermented straw, the content of pH in cecum decreased, the content of acetic acid increased, and the content of total volatile fatty acids was the most in the 15% straw group. That is, the fermentation effect of 15% straw group was the best. The results of high-throughput sequencing and PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the microbial diversity in the caecum of pigs was increased by adding fermented corn stalks to the diet, and Firmicutes (thick-walled bacteria) was the main microorganism in the experiment pig caecum. The content can reach 61.73% / 86.51%; The contents of Streptococcus (), Acetivibrio (,), Lactobacillus () and Ochrobactrum (Xanthomonas) in the cecum were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The content of Lactobacillus in the cecum was higher than that in the control group. At the same time, it was also found that Robinsoniella (), Paraprevotella (), Paraprevotella (,), Succinivibrio (succinic acid) and so on can decompose fibrous substances, and its total amount increased with the increase of the amount of straw. The results showed that the average daily intake and feed-to-meat ratio were significantly increased, nutrient digestibility was significantly decreased and microbial diversity in cecum was increased with the increase of the amount of fermented stalks on the performance of fattening pigs. The results showed that there was no significant effect on the growth performance of fattening pigs with the addition of fermented straw. According to the above-mentioned indexes, 15% fermented corn straw was the best to feed the fattening pigs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5
本文編號(hào)：2461723
[Abstract]:The effects of different proportion of fermented corn straw diets on growth performance, feed nutrient digestibility, caecal fermentation effect and microbial flora of finishing pigs were studied in this experiment. It provides a theoretical basis for the scientific and reasonable application of corn straw resources in the diet of fattening pigs. Seventy-two healthy Duchang three-way hybrid pigs with similar body weight (30.4 鹵1.53 kg) were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each with 3 duplications, each with 6 pigs and raised in the same pighouse. The control group was treated with 10%, 15% and 20% fermented corn straw, respectively. The whole experiment lasted for 80 days, in which the pre-test period was 3 days and the trial period was 77 days. The pigs were free to take food and drinking water. The intake of each group was recorded accurately, and the feeding situation and health status of the pigs were observed. At the end of the experiment, six pigs in each group were randomly selected for slaughter, and the contents of volatile fatty acids and microbial flora in cecum were determined by sampling. The results showed that the average daily intake and feed-to-meat ratio of the pigs were significantly increased by adding different proportion of fermented corn straw (P0. 05), but there was no significant difference in the average daily gain during the whole experiment period (P 0. 05). With the increase of the amount of fermented straw, the digestibility of all nutrients decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of pH in cecum and the volatile fatty acids produced by fermentation (P0.05), but with the increase of the amount of fermented straw, the content of pH in cecum decreased, the content of acetic acid increased, and the content of total volatile fatty acids was the most in the 15% straw group. That is, the fermentation effect of 15% straw group was the best. The results of high-throughput sequencing and PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the microbial diversity in the caecum of pigs was increased by adding fermented corn stalks to the diet, and Firmicutes (thick-walled bacteria) was the main microorganism in the experiment pig caecum. The content can reach 61.73% / 86.51%; The contents of Streptococcus (), Acetivibrio (,), Lactobacillus () and Ochrobactrum (Xanthomonas) in the cecum were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The content of Lactobacillus in the cecum was higher than that in the control group. At the same time, it was also found that Robinsoniella (), Paraprevotella (), Paraprevotella (,), Succinivibrio (succinic acid) and so on can decompose fibrous substances, and its total amount increased with the increase of the amount of straw. The results showed that the average daily intake and feed-to-meat ratio were significantly increased, nutrient digestibility was significantly decreased and microbial diversity in cecum was increased with the increase of the amount of fermented stalks on the performance of fattening pigs. The results showed that there was no significant effect on the growth performance of fattening pigs with the addition of fermented straw. According to the above-mentioned indexes, 15% fermented corn straw was the best to feed the fattening pigs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5
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，本文編號(hào)：2461723
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