【摘要】：本文以納米豆粕為研究對象,主要研究內(nèi)容包括納米豆粕的制備及粒徑表征;納米豆粕在小鼠消化道各部分的分布情況的研究;納米豆粕對小鼠消化道形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。主要研究方法、結(jié)果與結(jié)論如下:1.采用球磨法將普通豆粕加工成納米豆粕,通過掃描電子顯微鏡和激光粒度儀對納米豆粕的形貌和粒徑進行表征,結(jié)果表明:豆粕粒子粒徑分布在200-300nm,單分散性良好。掃描電鏡觀察顯示納米豆粕粒子有的具有球形形貌特征,有的為橢圓形,還有的為不規(guī)則形狀,其中球形和橢圓形所占比例較大,納米豆粕粒子尺寸分布比較均勻。激光粒度儀分析結(jié)果顯示:干磨法研磨獲得的納米豆粕最小粒徑在200nm附近,粒徑分布比較均勻,粒徑分布峰值在219.8nm處。2.本論文利用β-伴大豆球蛋白的抗原性和相對穩(wěn)定性,研究了納米豆粕在小鼠消化道內(nèi)的分布情況。本實驗采用雙抗夾心ELISA定量分析納米豆粕在小鼠消化道的分布情況,并與普通豆粕進行對比。研究結(jié)果顯示:納米豆粕、普通豆粕在消化道中的分布無顯著性差異,同時也表現(xiàn)出相同的分布規(guī)律:灌胃0.5h之后兩種豆粕主要分布在胃部,1h之后主要分布在小腸。此外納米豆粕、普通豆粕、熒光微球在小鼠消化道各部位的分布比例也呈現(xiàn)出類似的規(guī)律:0.5h大部分分布在胃和小腸,在大腸中分布很少。在1-3.5h后分布最多的部位在小腸的空腸、回腸部位,大腸中的分布很少。通過對普通豆粕組和納米豆粕組分布的顯著性分析發(fā)現(xiàn):在胃、十二指腸、空腸、回腸、直腸這些部位納米豆粕的分布比例和普通豆粕無顯著性差異(P0.05),而在結(jié)腸部位納米豆粕組高于普通豆粕組(P0.05)。灌胃后在0.5h、1h、2h、3.5h,檢測到消化道內(nèi)的納米豆粕占到灌胃總量的百分比分別為16.8%、23.4%、24.9%、24.6%,而普通豆粕占到灌胃總量的百分比分別為17.1%、23.6%、24.8%、24.9%。同樣的時間段,消化道內(nèi)的熒光占到灌胃總量的百分比分別為19.3%、29.7%、32.5%、33.3%。3.普通豆粕組和納米豆粕組小鼠的消化道制作石蠟切片HE染色,結(jié)果表明給小鼠灌胃納米豆粕3.5h后納米豆粕組和普通豆粕組小鼠消化道形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)相似。之后又做了免疫組化膠體金染色,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):納米豆粕在消化道中主要存在于小腸皺襞柱狀細胞和大腸的細胞質(zhì)中,個別出現(xiàn)在胃的黏膜層,局部的膠體金出現(xiàn)了聚集現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:In this paper, nano-soybean meal was taken as the research object, including the preparation and particle size characterization of nano-soybean meal, the distribution of nano-soybean meal in various parts of mouse digestive tract, and the effect of nano-soybean meal on the morphology and structure of mouse digestive tract. The main research methods, results and conclusions are as follows: 1. Ordinary soybean meal was prepared by ball milling. The morphology and particle size of nano-soybean meal were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and laser particle size analyzer. The results showed that the particle size distribution of soybean meal was 200 ~ 300 nm and its monodispersity was good. SEM observation showed that some of the nano-soybean meal particles had spherical morphology, some were oval, others were irregular shape, in which the proportion of sphericity and ellipse was larger, and the size distribution of nano-soybean meal particles was more uniform. The results of laser particle size analyzer show that the minimum particle size of soybean meal obtained by dry grinding is near 200nm, the particle size distribution is uniform, and the peak value of particle size distribution is at 219.8nm. In this paper, the distribution of nano-soybean meal in the digestive tract of mice was studied by using the antigenicity and relative stability of 尾-concomitant soybean globulin. The distribution of nano-soybean meal in the digestive tract of mice was quantitatively analyzed by double-antibody sandwich ELISA and compared with that of common soybean meal. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of nano-soybean meal and common soybean meal in the digestive tract. At the same time, the two kinds of soybean meal were mainly distributed in the stomach after 0.5 h and in the small intestine 1 hour later. In addition, the distribution of nano-soybean meal, common soybean meal and fluorescent microspheres in the digestive tract of mice showed a similar pattern: most of them were distributed in the stomach and small intestine at 0.5h, but little in the large intestine. The largest distribution was found in jejunum, ileum and large intestine after 1 ~ 3.5 h. The distribution of nano-soybean meal in stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and rectum was not significantly different between ordinary soybean meal group and normal soybean meal group (P0.05), by analyzing the distribution of nano-soybean meal in common soybean meal group and nano-soybean meal group (P0.05). But in colon, nano-soybean meal group was higher than ordinary soybean meal group (P0.05). At 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3.5 h after gavage, the percentage of nano-soybean meal detected in the digestive tract was 16.8%, 23.4%, 24.9%, 24.6%, respectively. The percentage of common soybean meal was 17.1%, 23.6%, 24.8% and 24.9% respectively. Over the same period of time, the percentage of fluorescence in the digestive tract to the total gavage was 19.3%, 29.7%, 32.5%, 33.3% respectively. The paraffin-embedded sections of the digestive tract were stained with HE from the normal soybean meal group and the nano-soybean meal group. The results showed that the digestive tract morphology and structure of the nano-soybean meal group and the ordinary soybean meal group were similar to those of the ordinary soybean meal group after 3.5 h of feeding the mice with nano-soybean meal. The results showed that nano-soybean meal mainly existed in the columnar cells of the small intestine fold and the cytoplasm of the large intestine, some of them in the mucous layer of the stomach, and the colloidal gold in the local part of the stomach was aggregated. The results showed that nano-soybean meal mainly existed in the columnar cells of the small intestine and the cytoplasm of the large intestine.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S816;TS209

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