【摘要】：為探究布魯氏菌病疫苗經(jīng)不同黏膜途徑免疫奶牛后對(duì)體液免疫與細(xì)胞免疫水平及疫苗體外排菌方面的影響,將80頭10~12月齡的奶牛平均分為四組,通過(guò)眼部滴注(A組)、口腔噴注(B組)、陰道灌注(C組)三種黏膜免疫途徑對(duì)奶牛接種布魯氏菌病弱毒活疫苗(A19株),并與皮下注射免疫組(D組)進(jìn)行比較,測(cè)定了免疫后7 d內(nèi)黏膜免疫組的排菌情況,180 d內(nèi)四組免疫奶牛的抗體效價(jià)和60 d內(nèi)四組免疫奶牛的外周血淋巴細(xì)胞細(xì)胞因子分泌(IFN-γ、IL-2和IL-4)水平。結(jié)果顯示:黏膜免疫組在免疫后5 d內(nèi)均有不同程度的排菌,以免疫后1 d內(nèi)排菌量為最高,并且在黏膜免疫組中陰道灌注組排菌量最低;各組奶牛在免疫后20 d時(shí)MSAT測(cè)定抗體效價(jià)平均值均上升至最高,之后持續(xù)下降,黏膜免疫組的抗體水平顯著低于注射免疫組,且在黏膜免疫組中陰道灌注組的抗體水平最高;A組和B組奶牛在免疫后120 d RBT檢測(cè)無(wú)陽(yáng)性,C組在免疫后150 d RBT檢測(cè)無(wú)陽(yáng)性,D組在免疫后180 d RBT檢測(cè)陽(yáng)性率35%;B組、C組在免疫后7 d,A組、D組在免疫后20 d IFN-γ分泌量達(dá)到最高值,各組IL-2和IL-4分泌量未見(jiàn)明顯變化,黏膜免疫組中陰道免疫組的IFN-γ分泌量為最高,僅次于注射免疫。結(jié)果表明,陰道灌注是一種較優(yōu)的奶牛布魯氏菌病黏膜免疫方式。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effect of brucellosis vaccine on humoral immunity and cellular immunity in dairy cows after immunization with different mucosal routes, 80 cows aged 10 to 12 months were divided into four groups on average (group A). Oral injection (group B) and vaginal infusion (group C) were used to vaccinate cows with live attenuated brucellosis vaccine (A19 strain) and compared with subcutaneous injection group (group D). The excretion of bacteria in the mucosal immunization group within 7 days after immunization was measured. The antibody titers of the four groups of immunized cows and the levels of IFN- 緯, IL-2 and IL-4 in peripheral blood of the four groups of immunized cows within 60 days were determined. The results showed that in the mucosal immunization group, there were different degrees of bacteria excretion within 5 days after immunization, which was the highest in the first day after immunization, and the lowest in the mucosal immunization group in the vaginal perfusion group. The number of bacteria in the mucosal immunization group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). On the 20th day after immunization, the average titer of antibody determined by MSAT in all groups increased to the highest, and then decreased continuously. The antibody level in mucosal immunization group was significantly lower than that in injection immunization group, and the antibody level in vaginal perfusion group was the highest in mucosal immunization group. The positive rate of RBT in group A and B was not positive at 120d, that in group C was not positive at 150d, and the positive rate of RBT in group D was 35% on the 180th day after immunization. On the 7th day after immunization, the secretion of IFN- 緯 in group A and D reached the highest level, and the secretion of IL-2 and IL-4 did not change significantly in group B, group C and group D. The secretion of IFN- 緯 in group B, group C was the highest in group A and group D at the 20th day after immunization, and the secretion of IFN- 緯 in group A and group D was the highest in the mucosal immunization group. It is second only to injection immunization. The results showed that vaginal perfusion was an optimal mucosal immune mode for brucellosis in dairy cows.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)獸醫(yī)藥品監(jiān)察所;北京農(nóng)學(xué)院;現(xiàn)代牧業(yè);山東農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院奶牛中心;
【基金】：北京市科技計(jì)劃(Z161100000616009) 北京市科技新星計(jì)劃(Z141107001814013)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S858.23

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