【摘要】：本文以昭蘇馬場(chǎng)速步馬為研究對(duì)象,采用間歇式訓(xùn)練對(duì)馬匹進(jìn)行為期8周的速步訓(xùn)練,分析速步馬在1000 m速步賽前后血液生化指標(biāo)的影響,同時(shí)分析間歇訓(xùn)練法對(duì)速步馬運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī)的影響以及對(duì)速步馬無(wú)氧能力的影響。其研究結(jié)果如下:對(duì)速步馬進(jìn)行1000 m速步賽測(cè)試檢測(cè)其血液生化指標(biāo),經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)比分析發(fā)現(xiàn),所檢測(cè)的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo):血乳酸(LAC)、乳酸脫氫酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、血肌酐(CREA)、血尿酸(UA)、尿素(UREA)、鉀離子(K+)、氯離子(Cl-)、鈣離子(Ca2+)、血清總蛋白(TP)濃度在賽后即刻均極顯著高于賽前水平(P0.01),之后又逐漸降低,其中血乳酸(LAC)、乳酸脫氫酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、血尿酸(UA)、血肌酐(CREA)、血清總蛋白(TP)、鈣離子(Ca2+)和鉀離子(K+)濃度在賽后25 min依然極顯著高于賽前濃度(P0.01),都呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)先升高后下降的總體趨勢(shì)。通過(guò)對(duì)速步馬進(jìn)行為期8周的間歇式訓(xùn)練,發(fā)現(xiàn)速步馬在1000 m速步賽的成績(jī)有了明顯的提高,從訓(xùn)練前測(cè)試的平均用時(shí)139.25 s極顯著提高到訓(xùn)練后的112.88 s(P0.01),平均成績(jī)提高了26.73 s。說(shuō)明間歇訓(xùn)練法有助于提高馬匹在1000 m速步賽的成績(jī)。對(duì)每個(gè)采樣點(diǎn)血液生化指標(biāo)濃度在5次采樣中的變化趨勢(shì)和規(guī)律,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)速步馬通過(guò)間歇訓(xùn)練后,賽后即刻的乳酸(LAC)積累量明顯提高,訓(xùn)練8周后的賽后即刻濃度極顯著高于接受訓(xùn)練前的賽后即刻濃度(P0.01),充分說(shuō)明了速步馬對(duì)乳酸的耐受能力增強(qiáng);肌酸激酶(CK)的濃度在賽后即刻采樣點(diǎn)也隨訓(xùn)練而提高,從接受訓(xùn)練前測(cè)試中賽后即刻196.75 U/L,極顯著升高到8周后測(cè)試賽中賽后即刻238.13 U/L(P0.01),肌酸激酶水平的提高有利于短時(shí)間激烈的速步賽中快速合成ATP;測(cè)試賽后的血肌酐(CREA)濃度在8周的間歇訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中呈現(xiàn)出先下降后升高的趨勢(shì),賽后即刻的血肌酐濃度在6周后和8周后的測(cè)試賽中極顯著升高(P0.01);速步馬血尿酸在賽后即刻、賽后10 min的濃度曲線逐漸升高,8周訓(xùn)練后賽后即刻的濃度達(dá)到了71.25μmol/L極顯著高于訓(xùn)練前賽后即刻的濃度(P0.01)。以上試驗(yàn)結(jié)果充分說(shuō)明了通過(guò)間歇式訓(xùn)練,速步馬對(duì)乳酸的耐受能力增強(qiáng),快速合成ATP的能力增強(qiáng),磷酸肌酸的代謝程度提高和疲勞程度有所提高,以上結(jié)果均反映出速步馬的無(wú)氧代謝能力顯著提高。乳酸脫氫酶(LDH)、尿素(UREA)、血清總蛋白(TP)和所測(cè)離子濃度并沒(méi)有隨訓(xùn)練明顯呈上升或下降的趨勢(shì),而是不規(guī)律的上下波動(dòng),在本次試驗(yàn)中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)預(yù)期的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the horse of Zhaosu horse farm was taken as the research object, and the horse was trained for 8 weeks by intermittent training, and the influence of blood biochemical indexes of the horse before and after the 1000-meter speed-step race was analyzed. At the same time, the effect of intermittent training on the athletic performance and anaerobic ability of the fast-walking horse was analyzed. The results were as follows: the blood biochemical indexes of the horse were tested in the 1000 m race. The results showed that the indexes: blood lactic acid (LAC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), were detected by the comparison and analysis of each index: blood lactic acid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK),. Serum creatinine (CREA), serum uric acid, (UA), urea, (UREA), potassium, (K), chloride (Cl-), calcium (Ca2) and serum total protein (TP) were significantly higher than those before the competition (P0.01). The serum lactate (LAC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), serum uric acid (UA), serum creatinine (CREA), serum total protein (TP), The concentrations of calcium (Ca2) and potassium (K) were still significantly higher than those of pre-competition at 25 min after the competition (P0.01), showing a general trend of increasing at first and then decreasing. Through 8-week intermittent training, it was found that the results of the 1000-meter fast-paced horse improved significantly, from the average test time of 139.25 seconds before training to 112.88 seconds after training (P0.01), and it was found that the average training time of the fast-stepping horse was significantly increased from 139.25 s before training to 112.88 s after training (P0.01). The average score increased by 26.73 s. The results show that the intermittent training method can improve the horse's performance in the 1000 m fast-paced race. According to the changing trend and regularity of blood biochemical index concentration in 5 sampling times at each sampling point, it was found that the accumulation of lactic acid (LAC) immediately after the fast-paced horse passed intermittent training increased obviously. The immediate concentration after 8 weeks of training was significantly higher than that immediately after training (P0.01), which fully showed that the fast-paced horse's tolerance to lactic acid was enhanced. The concentration of creatine kinase (CK) also increased with training immediately after the training, from 196.75 U / L immediately after training to 238.13 U / L immediately after 8 weeks (P0.01), and the concentration of creatine kinase increased significantly from 196.75 U / L immediately after the test to 238.13 U / L immediately after the test (P0.01). The increase of creatine kinase level is beneficial to the rapid synthesis of ATP; in short-term fast-paced race. The level of serum creatinine (CREA) decreased first and then increased during the 8-week interval training. The serum creatinine level immediately after the test increased significantly after 6 weeks and 8 weeks (P0.01). The concentration curve of serum uric acid increased gradually after 8-week training, and reached 71.25 渭 mol / L immediately after 8-week training, which was significantly higher than that immediately after training (P0.01). The concentration of uric acid in equine blood immediately after training was significantly higher than that in pre-training (P0.01). The above results fully showed that through intermittent training, the fast-stepping horse's tolerance to lactic acid, rapid synthesis of ATP, metabolism of creatine phosphate and fatigue degree were enhanced, and that the fast-paced horse had higher tolerance to lactic acid, higher ability of rapid synthesis of lactic acid, and higher degree of fatigue. All the above results showed that the anaerobic metabolism ability of the fast-paced horse was significantly improved. The serum total protein (TP) of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea (UREA), and the concentration of ions measured did not increase or decrease with the training, but fluctuated irregularly, and there was no expected result in this experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S821

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