【摘要】：［背景］籽鵝為北方特有蛋用型鵝種，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)多價(jià)值高數(shù)量大，備受人類喜愛(ài)。鵝產(chǎn)業(yè)作為21世紀(jì)朝陽(yáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)促進(jìn)北方地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。但籽鵝的生產(chǎn)繁殖具有典型的季節(jié)特征，夏季和初秋季節(jié)種鵝產(chǎn)蛋率低且鵝雛供應(yīng)短缺問(wèn)題十分突出，對(duì)市場(chǎng)價(jià)格影響較大，因此研究不同光照處理對(duì)東北籽鵝血清生殖激素水平和產(chǎn)蛋量的影響，為實(shí)現(xiàn)延長(zhǎng)籽鵝產(chǎn)蛋周期和實(shí)施籽鵝的反季節(jié)生產(chǎn)提供重要的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)和操作參考。 ［方法］試驗(yàn)一：選擇處于秋冬季非繁殖期的2年齡健康東北籽鵝母鵝180只、公鵝120只，隨機(jī)分3組。對(duì)照組為繁殖季節(jié)自然光照（光照時(shí)間逐漸延長(zhǎng)）；試驗(yàn)組分為短光照（11L:13D）和長(zhǎng)光照（15L:9D）處理組。試驗(yàn)二：選擇處于春夏季繁殖期的1年齡健康東北籽鵝母鵝1200只、公鵝800只，隨機(jī)分成4組。對(duì)照組給予自然光照；試驗(yàn)組分別給予長(zhǎng)光照（15L:9D）、中光照（13L:11D）和短光照（12L:12D）。每隔一周，每組隨機(jī)選取公鵝母鵝各15只，，翅下采血，制備血清，測(cè)定母鵝血清卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黃體生成素（LH）、催乳素（PRL）和公鵝血清睪酮（T）水平，同時(shí)記錄各組籽鵝的產(chǎn)蛋量。 ［結(jié)果］試驗(yàn)一：非繁殖季節(jié)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，增加光照時(shí)間可顯著提高FSH和LH水平和T水平，而PRL水平先明顯升高后降低；減少光照時(shí)間則顯著降低種鵝FSH水平、LH和T水平，PRL水平卻顯著提高；試驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí)，長(zhǎng)光照組鵝的各激素水平均接近繁殖期自然光照組鵝的各激素水平，有產(chǎn)蛋趨勢(shì)。試驗(yàn)二：繁殖季節(jié)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，長(zhǎng)光照組種鵝FSH和LH水平和T水平顯著提高；PRL水平先顯著降低后明顯升高；短光照組和中光照組種鵝FSH水平、LH和T水平則顯著降低，PRL水平顯著提高；長(zhǎng)光照組種鵝的各激素水平試驗(yàn)期內(nèi)變化均較其它組鵝變化幅度大，且產(chǎn)蛋后期維持水平時(shí)間也久，在試驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí)（9月），各激素水平接近自然光照種鵝繁殖后期的各激素水平（6月），產(chǎn)蛋時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)，產(chǎn)蛋量增加，產(chǎn)蛋率提高11-12%；短光照、中短光照組激素水平在3-4月接近自然光照組，隨后降低，總體產(chǎn)蛋量較自然光照組減少。 ［結(jié)論］由此可見(jiàn)，籽鵝血清生殖激素水平變化受到光照時(shí)間的影響，并根據(jù)不同光周期呈現(xiàn)不同的變化規(guī)律，且光照時(shí)間的改變也影響了籽鵝的產(chǎn)蛋周期。因此可以通過(guò)光照調(diào)控延長(zhǎng)籽鵝產(chǎn)蛋周期，提高產(chǎn)蛋量，可實(shí)現(xiàn)籽鵝的反季節(jié)生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:[background] Seeds goose is a kind of egg-type goose that is unique to the north. It has many advantages, high value and large quantity, and is popular among human beings. Goose industry, as a sunrise industry in the 21st century, promotes the economic development of the northern region. However, the production and reproduction of seed geese have typical seasonal characteristics. The laying rate of breeding geese in summer and early autumn is low and the supply shortage of goose chicks is very prominent, which has a great influence on the market price. Therefore, the effects of different light treatments on the levels of serum reproductive hormones and egg production in northeast seeded goose were studied in order to provide important experimental data and operational reference for prolonging the laying cycle of seed goose and implementing the off-season production of seed goose. [methods] experiment 1: 180 two-year-old healthy female geese and 120 male geese in autumn and winter non-breeding period were randomly divided into three groups. The experiment group was divided into two groups: short illumination (11L:13D) and long illumination (15L:9D). Experiment 2: 1200 female geese and 800 male geese were randomly divided into 4 groups, one-year-old healthy Northeast seeded geese in spring and summer breeding period. The control group was given natural light, and the test group was given long light (15L:9D), medium illumination (13L:11D) and short illumination (12L:12D). Every other week, 15 male geese in each group were randomly selected. Blood samples were collected under wings to prepare serum. The serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),) luteinizing hormone (LH),) (PRL) and serum testosterone (T) levels in male geese were measured. At the same time, the egg production of each group of seed geese was recorded. [results] experiment 1: the results of non-reproductive season experiment showed that the levels of FSH, LH and T increased significantly with the increase of light time, while the level of PRL increased at first and then decreased. The levels of FSH, LH, T and PRL in geese were significantly decreased by decreasing light time, and at the end of the experiment, the hormone levels of geese in Changguang group were close to those of natural illumination group in breeding period, and there was a trend of laying eggs in the geese of Changguang group, which was similar to that of natural illumination group at the end of the experiment. Experiment 2: the results of breeding season experiment showed that the levels of FSH, LH and T of geese in Changguang group increased significantly, while the level of PRL decreased significantly at first and then increased significantly. The levels of FSH, LH and T decreased and the level of PRL increased significantly in short and medium light groups. The changes of hormone levels in Changguang group were larger than those in other groups during the test period, and maintained for a long time at the later stage of laying, at the end of the experiment (September). The hormone level was close to the hormone level in the late stage of natural illumination breeding (6 months), the laying time was prolonged, the laying quantity was increased, and the laying rate was increased by 11% / 12%. The hormone level in the short light group was close to that in the natural light group from March to April and then decreased. The total egg production in the short light group was lower than that in the natural light group. [conclusion] it can be seen that the change of serum reproductive hormone level in seed geese is affected by illumination time, and it shows different rule according to different photoperiod, and the change of illumination time also affects the laying cycle of seed goose. Therefore, the production of seed goose can be achieved by prolonging the laying cycle of seed goose by light regulation and increasing the amount of egg production, and realizing the off-season production of seed goose.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S835

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