【摘要】：為了給圍產(chǎn)期奶牛硒添加量的確定提供更全面的理論基礎(chǔ)和數(shù)據(jù)支持,試驗選取140頭中國荷斯坦奶牛按隨機區(qū)組設(shè)計分為對照組、低劑量組、中劑量組和高劑量組,每組5個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)7頭奶牛。對照組奶牛飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧(硒含量為0.15 mg/kg DM),低劑量組、中劑量組和高劑量組奶牛在基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加Na_2SeO_3至硒含量分別達(dá)0.3,0.45,0.6 mg/kg DM,預(yù)試期為5 d,正試期從預(yù)產(chǎn)前2周至產(chǎn)后4周,測定試驗期間采食性能、泌乳性能和血液生化指標(biāo)、肝臟抗氧化指標(biāo)和關(guān)鍵基因表達(dá)。結(jié)果表明:各處理組之間奶牛的干物質(zhì)攝入量(DMI)和體重變化無顯著差異(P0.05)。與對照組相比,中劑量組和高劑量組奶牛的泌乳量分別提高了1.7 kg/d和1.3 kg/d,但差異不顯著(P0.05);顯著提高了乳蛋白產(chǎn)量(P0.05);顯著提高了圍產(chǎn)期奶牛血液中總蛋白的濃度(P0.05);顯著降低了血液中谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(AST)和谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(ALT)的活性(P0.05);顯著提高圍產(chǎn)期奶牛血液、肝臟和奶中的硒水平(P0.05),同時顯著提高了圍產(chǎn)期奶牛血液和肝臟的抗氧化能力(P0.05);顯著提高了肝臟中細(xì)胞型谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶(GPx1)mRNA的相對表達(dá)水平(P0.05),但對磷脂氫谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶(GPx4)mRNA的相對表達(dá)水平無顯著影響(P0.05)。上述指標(biāo)在中劑量組和高劑量組奶牛之間無顯著差異(P0.05)。結(jié)果說明圍產(chǎn)期奶牛對硒的需求很高,含硒0.15 mg/kg DM的基礎(chǔ)日糧無法滿足奶牛的需求,此時奶牛的抗氧化能力低,日糧中補充硒達(dá)到0.45 mg/kg DM時,奶牛才有較強的抗氧化能力。
[Abstract]:In order to provide more comprehensive theoretical basis and data support for determination of selenium supplementation in perinatal cows, 140 Chinese Holstein cows were randomly divided into control group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group. There were 5 replicates in each group and 7 cows in each group. The dairy cows in the control group were fed basal diet (selenium content was 0. 15 mg/kg DM), low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group added Na_2SeO_3 to selenium content of 0. 3 0. 45 鹵0. 6 mg/kg DM,) in the basal diet. The pretest period was 5 days, from 2 weeks to 4 weeks postpartum. The feeding performance, lactation performance, blood biochemical index, liver antioxidant index and key gene expression were measured during the experiment. The results showed that there was no significant difference in dry matter intake (DMI) and body weight among the treatment groups (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the milk yield of the middle dose group and the high dose group increased 1.7 kg/d and 1.3 kg/d, respectively, but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the milk protein yield was significantly increased (P0.05). The concentration of total protein in blood of perinatal cows was significantly increased (P0.05), and the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) in blood were significantly decreased (P0.05). The levels of selenium in blood, liver and milk of perinatal cows were significantly increased (P0.05), and the antioxidant capacity of blood and liver of perinatal cows was significantly increased (P0.05). The relative expression of cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) mRNA in liver was significantly increased (P0.05), but there was no significant effect on the relative expression of GPx4 mRNA (P0.05). The above indexes had no significant difference between middle dose group and high dose group (P0.05). The results showed that the demand for selenium in perinatal dairy cows was very high, and the basal diet containing 0. 15 mg/kg DM selenium could not meet the demand of dairy cows. The antioxidant capacity of dairy cows was low, and the dietary selenium supplementation reached 0. 45 mg/kg DM. Cows have strong antioxidant ability.
【作者單位】： 湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動物科技學(xué)院;上海奶牛育種中心有限公司;上海光明荷斯坦牧業(yè)有限公司;
【基金】：湖南省重點研發(fā)計劃經(jīng)費項目“湖南牛羊高效繁殖綜合配套技術(shù)研究”(2016NK2171)
【分類號】：S823.5

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