發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-13 11:46

【摘要】：為深入理解放牧牦牛和藏羊及放牧強(qiáng)度對(duì)青藏高原高寒草地凋落物分解的分異影響,在天祝高寒草甸夏季牧場(chǎng),采用凋落物袋法研究了牦牛和藏羊輪牧強(qiáng)度對(duì)垂穗披堿草(Elymus nutans)、矮生嵩草(Kobresia humilis)和珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)凋落物損失率及碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)含量的影響。結(jié)果表明:3種植物凋落物損失率隨處理時(shí)間的增加和放牧強(qiáng)度的增大均呈增大趨勢(shì)。處理15個(gè)月后,垂穗披堿草、矮生嵩草和珠芽蓼凋落物損失率分別為24.71%~32.70%,30.56%~38.83%和32.27%~42.96%。放牧藏羊草地上的3種凋落物損失率小于牦牛放牧草地。在同一放牧家畜及放牧強(qiáng)度下,垂穗披堿草的損失率顯著小于矮生嵩草和珠芽蓼。3種植物凋落物C含量隨著放牧強(qiáng)度的增加依次呈降低趨勢(shì),C含量大小依次為:垂穗披堿草矮生嵩草珠芽蓼,但C含量的變化大小依次為:垂穗披堿草矮生嵩草珠芽蓼。3種植物凋落物N含量隨放牧強(qiáng)度增加呈現(xiàn)降低趨勢(shì);隨著時(shí)間的增加凋落物N呈現(xiàn)先降低再增加后又降低的趨勢(shì)。隨著放牧強(qiáng)度的增加,珠芽蓼凋落物的P含量總體呈降低趨勢(shì);隨著放牧?xí)r間的增加,珠芽蓼凋落物P含量總體呈增加趨勢(shì)。藏羊和牦牛對(duì)P含量的富集均有抑制作用,并且牦牛的抑制作用大于藏羊。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the effect of grazing yak, Tibetan sheep and grazing intensity on litter decomposition of alpine grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the grassland of Tianzhu Alpine Meadow in summer was studied. The effects of rotation grazing intensity of yak and Tibetan sheep on the litter loss rates of (Kobresia humilis) and (Polygonum viviparum) of (Elymus nutans), and Polygonum hydropiper (Polygonum viviparum) were studied by using litter bag method. The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were also studied. The results showed that the litter loss rate of three plants tended to increase with the increase of treatment time and grazing intensity. After 15 months treatment, the litter loss rates of Elaeagnus perpendiculata, Kobresia humilis and Polygonum hydropiper were 24.71and 32.7036.56% and 32.277.96%, respectively. The loss rate of three kinds of litter in Tibetan sheep grassland was lower than that in yak pasture. Under the same grazing livestock and grazing intensity, the loss rate of Elaeagnus perpendicularis was significantly lower than that of Kobresia humilis and Polygonum hydropiper. The C content of litter of three plants decreased with the increase of grazing intensity. The order of C content was as follows: Polygonum parvum L., P. humilis L., but the change of C content was as follows: Polygonum parvum L., Kobresia humilis L., and the N content of litter of three plants decreased with the increase of grazing intensity. With the increase of time, litter N decreased first and then increased then decreased. With the increase of grazing intensity, the P content of the litter of Polygonum hydropiper decreased as a whole, and the P content of the litter increased with the increase of grazing time. The accumulation of P in Tibetan sheep and yak was inhibited, and the inhibitory effect of yak was greater than that of Tibetan sheep.
【作者單位】： 甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)草業(yè)學(xué)院/草業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室/中-美草地畜牧業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究中心/甘肅省草業(yè)工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(31360570)資助
【分類號(hào)】：S812.8

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