日糧尿素添加水平對秦川肉牛瘤胃發(fā)酵性能及血液生化指標(biāo)的影響
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of urea (non-protein nitrogen) supplementation on rumen fermentation performance and blood biochemical indexes in a new line of Qinchuan beef ("Qinchuan Beef cattle"), three adult Qinchuan beef bulls with rumen fistula were selected. Under the condition of the same diet for 25 days, the experiment was divided into five treatment stages, each treatment stage was 30 days, of which the experimental treatment was 25 days, the intermediate interval was 5 days as the buffer period; The proportion of urea supplementation in diets of five trial stages was 0% (percentage of dry matter, control group), 0.5% (group A), 1.0% (group B), 1.5% (group C) and 2.0% (group D). Rumen fluid was collected every 5 days in each trial stage, and blood samples were collected on the last day of each trial stage. The pH value of rumen fluid, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA), of microbial protein (MCP), were measured. Five parameters of rumen fermentation such as cellulose hydrolase activity and four blood biochemical indexes such as serum total protein (TP), urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alanine aminotransferase (AST) were determined and analyzed. The main results are as follows: first, the effect of different urea levels on rumen fermentation performance of Qinchuan beef cattle: with the increase of urea level, the pH value of rumen fluid decreased first and then increased. There was significant difference among the treatment groups (P0.05), and the pH value of group B (1.0%) was the lowest (6.363 鹵0.017). The content of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) in the four treatment groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05). Group D (2.0%) was the highest (16.91 鹵0.77 mg/dL;). The (MCP) content of microbial protein in group D (2.0%) was higher than that in control group (P 0.05), except that in group D (2.0%), the content of (MCP) in group B (1.0%) was the highest (1.712 鹵0.024 mg/mL,). There was significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). Except group D (2.0%), the (VFA) content of total volatile fatty acids in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05), B (1.0%), 149.59 鹵3.79 mmol/L,). There was significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). The indexes of volatile fatty acid (VFA) in group A (0.5%) and group B (1.0%) were significantly different from those in control group (P0.05). The other four indexes of volatile fatty acids were not significantly different (P0.05). The changes of the three cellulase activities were basically the same. The cellulase activities of group A (0.5%) and group B (1.0%) were significantly higher than those of the control group and other treatment groups (P0.05). There was no significant difference in fermentation parameters of rumen fluid in each treatment stage (P0.05). Second, the effect of different urea supplementation levels on the blood biochemical indexes of Qinchuan beef cattle: with the increase of urea addition level, the blood biochemical indexes (serum total protein (TP), urea nitrogen (BUN),) were tested. The four indexes of glutamate-pyruvic transaminase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (AST) fluctuated in the normal range. Among them, there was no significant difference in the level of glutamate-pyruvic transaminase (ALP) in each treatment group (P0.05). The (BUN) index of urea nitrogen in each treatment group was higher than that in the control group, among which, group D was the highest, and the difference was significant compared with the control group and other treatment groups (P0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of urea in diet can effectively increase the activities of rumen ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), microbial protein (MCP), acetic acid (C2), propionic acid (C3) and cellulose hydrolase in Qinchuan beef cattle. The biochemical indexes (serum total protein (TP), urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase (ALP) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) (AST) all fluctuated in the normal range. Therefore, under the general feeding conditions, it is safe to add 2% urea (dry matter percentage) to the diet, and 1% of the supplementation amount is the most suitable safe addition amount.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:S823.5
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