【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)旨在研究飼糧菊糖添加水平對(duì)肉仔雞盲腸和直腸菌群結(jié)構(gòu)和主要菌群數(shù)量的影響。采用單因素完全隨機(jī)化設(shè)計(jì),選用300只1日齡愛拔益加肉仔雞,隨機(jī)分成5組,每組6個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)10只。5組肉仔雞分別飼喂在基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加0(對(duì)照組)、0.5、1.5、2.5和5.0 g/kg菊糖的試驗(yàn)飼糧。試驗(yàn)期為6周。采用PCR-變性梯度凝膠電泳(DGGE)和定量PCR(q PCR)技術(shù)對(duì)42日齡肉仔雞盲腸和直腸菌群結(jié)構(gòu)及主要菌群數(shù)量進(jìn)行測(cè)定。結(jié)果表明:1)飼糧菊糖添加水平對(duì)肉仔雞盲腸和直腸菌群豐富度、盲腸菌群香農(nóng)指數(shù)以及直腸菌群均勻度均無顯著影響(P0.05),但顯著降低了盲腸菌群均勻度和直腸菌群香農(nóng)指數(shù)(P0.05)。PCRDGGE圖譜上部分優(yōu)勢(shì)條帶序列分析表明,飼糧添加菊糖促進(jìn)了肉仔雞盲腸和直腸厚壁菌門(Firmicutes)中產(chǎn)糞甾醇真細(xì)菌(Eubacterium coprostanoligenes)、腸單胞球菌(Intestinimonas sp.)和盲腸腸球菌(Enterococcus cecorum)等細(xì)菌的增殖。2)飼糧菊糖添加水平顯著影響了肉仔雞盲腸、直腸總細(xì)菌和大腸桿菌數(shù)量(P0.05)。二次曲線分析顯示,當(dāng)菊糖添加水平分別為2.71和2.66 g/kg時(shí),盲腸總細(xì)菌和大腸桿菌數(shù)量最少;與對(duì)照組相比,飼糧添加1.5、2.5、5.0 g/kg菊糖顯著降低了盲腸乳酸菌數(shù)量(P0.05),飼糧添加0.5 g/kg菊糖顯著增加了直腸乳酸菌數(shù)量(P0.05);飼糧添加5.0 g/kg菊糖時(shí)肉仔雞盲腸、直腸雙歧桿菌數(shù)量及直腸產(chǎn)氣莢膜梭菌數(shù)量均為最高,且與對(duì)照組差異顯著(P0.05)。綜上,在本試驗(yàn)條件下,有利于改善肉仔雞腸道菌群結(jié)構(gòu)和促進(jìn)有益菌增殖的菊糖添加水平為2.5~5.0 g/kg。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effect of dietary inulin supplementation on the structure of cecum and rectum flora and the number of main microflora in broilers. Three hundred 1-day-old Aipai plus broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups, 6 replicates in each group and 10 in each group. 5 groups of broilers were fed with 0 (control group) in a basal diet. The experimental diet of 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg chrysanthemum was used. The trial period was 6 weeks. PCR- denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR (q PCR) were used to determine the structure of cecum and rectum flora and the number of main microflora in 42-day-old broilers. The results showed that: 1) the dietary inulin supplementation level had no significant effect on the abundance of cecum and rectum flora, the Shannon index of cecum flora and the uniformity of rectum flora in broilers (P0.05). The results showed that the homogeneity of cecum flora and Shannon index of rectum flora were significantly decreased (P0.05). Dietary addition of chrysanthemum promoted fecal sterol production in cecum and rectum (Firmicutes) of broilers with steroidal eubacteria (Eubacterium coprostanoligenes), Enteromonas (Intestinimonas sp.) The proliferation of bacteria such as (Enterococcus cecorum) and cecum cocci. 2) the amount of total bacteria and Escherichia coli in cecum, rectum and Escherichia coli in broilers were significantly affected by dietary inulin supplementation level (P0.05). Quadric curve analysis showed that when the levels of inulin were 2.71 and 2.66 g/kg, the total bacteria and Escherichia coli in the caecum were the least. Compared with the control group, the amount of cecal lactic acid bacteria was significantly decreased when the diet was supplemented with 2.5 g/kg inulin (P0.05), and the number of lactobacillus in rectum was significantly increased by 0.5 g/kg inulin (P0.05). The number of bifidobacterium rectum and Clostridium perfringens were the highest in the cecum of broilers fed with 5.0 g/kg inulin, and the difference was significant compared with the control group (P0.05). In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, the addition level of inulin to improve the intestinal microflora structure and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in broilers was 2.5% 5.0 g / kg.
【作者單位】： 沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)畜牧獸醫(yī)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31372328)
【分類號(hào)】：S831.5

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