【摘要】：硒是一種必需的微量營養(yǎng)元素。硒是自身免疫性疾病和感染性疾病炎癥反應(yīng)的調(diào)節(jié)劑，對增強(qiáng)機(jī)體的免疫力和抵抗力起著重要的作用。日糧中硒的含量與許多炎癥性疾病有關(guān)，特別是繁殖障礙性疾病。奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎是奶牛繁殖障礙性疾病之一，以子宮粘膜出現(xiàn)粘液性和化膿性炎癥為特點(diǎn)。因此本研究的主要目的是探討微量元素硒對奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎發(fā)生的影響。 我們以山東青州和吉林豐滿區(qū)某牛場為研究對象，通過調(diào)查其生產(chǎn)管理情況、產(chǎn)后奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎發(fā)病率情況以及檢測產(chǎn)后奶牛子宮組織中硒含量來探討微量元素硒對奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎發(fā)生的影響。結(jié)果表明：兩個牛場因其生產(chǎn)管理情況不同，產(chǎn)后奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎的發(fā)病率也不同。生產(chǎn)管理較差的吉林豐滿區(qū)該牛場子宮內(nèi)膜炎發(fā)病率高達(dá)22.2%，明顯高于山東青州該牛場的16.3%。子宮組織中硒含量的測定結(jié)果表明：兩個牛場中，患子宮內(nèi)膜炎奶牛子宮組織中平均硒含量明顯低于未患子宮內(nèi)膜炎奶牛子宮組織中平均硒含量。這兩個牛場子宮內(nèi)膜炎的發(fā)病率與子宮組織中硒含量呈負(fù)相關(guān)。這些結(jié)果表明，奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎的發(fā)生也許與微量元素硒有一定的關(guān)系。 奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎常發(fā)生在圍產(chǎn)期，由許多病原菌引起。大腸桿菌作為主要的病原菌之一，常常引起臨床型子宮內(nèi)膜炎。LPS是大腸桿菌外膜的主要成分，能夠產(chǎn)生與大腸桿菌相同的炎癥反應(yīng)。由于我們在臨床上發(fā)現(xiàn)：微量元素硒也許與奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎的發(fā)生有關(guān)。所以，我們飼喂三種含不同硒水平的日糧給小鼠，子宮灌注LPS建立小鼠子宮內(nèi)膜炎模型。通過對小鼠子宮組織硒含量的測定、組織病理學(xué)觀察以及炎性細(xì)胞因子表達(dá)分析，研究含有不同硒水平的日糧對LPS誘導(dǎo)的小鼠子宮內(nèi)膜炎的影響。結(jié)果表明，，日糧中不同硒水平會影響子宮組織中硒的含量，呈劑量依賴效應(yīng)。子宮組織病理學(xué)變化顯示缺硒小鼠子宮上皮細(xì)胞被嚴(yán)重破壞，有大量的炎性細(xì)胞浸潤。在缺硒組的小鼠子宮組織中，炎性細(xì)胞因子的表達(dá)水平高于硒添加組的小鼠。這些結(jié)果表明，缺硒能夠促進(jìn)小鼠子宮內(nèi)膜炎的發(fā)生，適當(dāng)?shù)难a(bǔ)硒可有效緩解子宮組織的炎癥反應(yīng)。這些結(jié)果可以為臨床獸醫(yī)工作者在降低奶牛子宮內(nèi)膜炎發(fā)病率方面提供參考。
[Abstract]:Selenium is an essential micronutrient element. Selenium is a modulator of inflammatory response in autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases, which plays an important role in enhancing immunity and resistance. Dietary selenium levels are associated with many inflammatory diseases, especially reproductive disorders. Endometritis is one of reproductive disorders in dairy cows, characterized by mucous and suppurative inflammation in uterine mucosa. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of selenium on endometritis in dairy cows. We took a cattle farm in Qingzhou and Fengman District, Jilin Province, as our research object, and investigated its production and management situation. The incidence of endometritis in postpartum cows and the content of selenium in postpartum dairy cows were determined to explore the effect of trace element selenium on the occurrence of endometritis in dairy cows. The results showed that the incidence of postpartum endometritis was different between the two farms. The incidence of endometritis in the cattle farm in Fengman district of Jilin Province was as high as 22.2g, which was significantly higher than that in Qingzhou cattle farm of Shandong province. The results showed that the average selenium content in endometritis cows was significantly lower than that in normal endometritis cows. The incidence of endometritis in these two cattle farms was negatively correlated with selenium content in uterine tissue. These results suggest that the occurrence of endometritis may be related to trace element selenium. Endometritis in dairy cows often occurs during perinatal period and is caused by many pathogens. As one of the main pathogens, E. coli often causes clinical endometritis. LPS is the main component of Escherichia coli outer membrane and can produce the same inflammatory reaction as Escherichia coli. As we have found clinically, trace element selenium may be associated with endometritis in dairy cows. Therefore, we fed three diets containing different selenium levels to mice, and intrauterine perfusion of LPS to establish a mouse model of endometritis. The effects of diet containing different selenium levels on endometritis induced by LPS in mice were studied by measuring selenium content, histopathological observation and expression of inflammatory cytokines in mouse uterus. The results showed that different selenium levels in diet affected the content of selenium in uterine tissues in a dose-dependent manner. The histopathological changes of uterus showed that the uterine epithelial cells were severely damaged and a large number of inflammatory cells were infiltrated. The expression of inflammatory cytokines in the uterus of mice with selenium deficiency was higher than that of mice supplemented with selenium. These results suggest that selenium deficiency can promote the occurrence of endometritis in mice, and appropriate selenium supplementation can effectively alleviate the inflammatory response of uterine tissue. These results may provide reference for clinical veterinary workers in reducing the incidence of endometritis in dairy cows.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S858.23

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