【摘要】：本試驗旨在研究辣木作為新型奶牛粗飼料與幾種常用粗飼料常規(guī)營養(yǎng)成分的差異,并在瘤胃降解規(guī)律上進行比較,為辣木在奶牛生產(chǎn)上的應用提供理論依據(jù)。利用康奈爾凈碳水化合物—凈蛋白質(zhì)體系(CNCPS)評價辣木葉、辣木梗、苜蓿、羊草和玉米青貯5種粗飼料的常規(guī)營養(yǎng)成分。選取3頭體重600 kg左右,裝有永久性瘤胃瘺管健康的荷斯坦奶牛,采用尼龍袋法研究5種粗飼料的干物質(zhì)(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗滌纖維(DNF)的瘤胃降解率和有效降解率。結(jié)果表明:辣木葉的營養(yǎng)水平相對較高,其中蛋白和脂肪含量均顯著高于苜蓿、羊草、玉米青貯和辣木梗(P0.05);辣木葉和苜蓿的飼料相對價值顯著高于其他3種粗飼料(P0.05),辣木梗飼料相對價值最低,與羊草相當。苜蓿的DM降解率在各個時間點均高于辣木葉和辣木梗,24 h之后與辣木葉的DM降解率差距變小;辣木梗的DM降解率在各個時間點顯著低于其他4種飼料(P0.05);苜蓿、辣木葉和玉米青貯的DM有效降解率均大于60%,極顯著高于辣木梗和羊草(P0.01)。瘤胃降解12 h后,辣木葉的CP降解率快速升高,且顯著高于苜蓿及辣木梗(P0.05)。辣木葉、苜蓿、玉米青貯的CP有效降解率較高,羊草和辣木梗的CP有效降解率無顯著差異。辣木葉和苜蓿的NDF有效降解率顯著高于其他3種粗飼料(P0.05),辣木梗的NDF含量較高但較難被瘤胃微生物利用。綜上所述,基于較高的蛋白含量和良好的瘤胃降解特性,辣木葉在奶牛粗飼料應用方面具有巨大的潛力;辣木梗的飼料相對價值與羊草相當,可在奶牛生產(chǎn)中作為粗飼料進行應用。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this experiment was to study the difference of common nutrition components between the new type of crude feed of dairy cow and some common forage, and to compare the rule of rumen degradation, and to provide the theoretical basis for the application of spicy wood in the production of dairy cattle. (CNCPS) was used to evaluate the routine nutritional components of five kinds of forage, such as leaf, stem, alfalfa, Leymus chinensis and corn silage. Three Holstein cows with permanent rumen fistula and about 600 kg weight were selected to study (DM), crude protein (CP), of five kinds of roughage by nylon bag method. Rumen degradation rate and effective degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber (DNF). The results showed that the nutritional level of the leaves was higher than that of alfalfa, Leymus chinensis, corn silage and stem (P0.05), and the contents of protein and fat were significantly higher than those of alfalfa, Leymus chinensis, corn silage and stem (P0.05). The feed relative value of leaves and alfalfa was significantly higher than that of the other three kinds of crude feed (P0.05), and the relative value of spicy wood stem feed was the lowest, which was similar to that of Leymus chinensis. The DM degradation rate of alfalfa was higher than that of spicy wood leaf and stem at each time point, and the difference between DM degradation rate of alfalfa and hot wood leaf became smaller after 24 hours, and the DM degradation rate of alfalfa stalk was significantly lower than that of other four kinds of feed at each time point (P0.05). The effective degradation rate of DM in alfalfa, pungent leaves and corn silage was higher than 60%, which was significantly higher than that of stem and Leymus chinensis (P0.01). After 12 h of rumen degradation, the degradation rate of CP was increased rapidly, which was significantly higher than that of alfalfa and stem (P0.05). The effective degradation rate of CP in leaves, alfalfa and corn silage was higher, but there was no significant difference in CP degradation rate between Leymus chinensis and stem. The effective degradation rate of NDF in leaves and alfalfa was significantly higher than that in the other three kinds of forage (P0.05). The NDF content of Mori stem was higher but difficult to be used by rumen microorganisms. In conclusion, based on the high protein content and good rumen degradation characteristics, Mori leaves have great potential in the application of cow roughage. The relative value of Dioscorea chinensis is equal to that of Leymus chinensis, which can be used as crude feed in dairy cattle production.
【作者單位】： 東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學動物科學技術(shù)學院;
【基金】：資助項目:國家奶牛產(chǎn)業(yè)體系(CARS-37)
【分類號】：S816

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