【摘要】：本論文主要研究了年齡和飼養(yǎng)模式對阿爾巴斯白絨山羊微量元素消化率和肌肉中微量元素含量分布的影響,試驗結果為絨山羊日糧中微量元素的科學使用提供重要的理論基礎。從內蒙古絨山羊廠選擇體重和年齡相似的阿爾巴斯成年母羊和羔羊各30只,作為放牧組,另從淘汰的羊群中選擇年齡和體重相似的母羊和羔羊各30只,完全舍飼；共120只,分為4組,每組30只。試驗采用2x2完全隨機試驗設計,第一因素是飼養(yǎng)模式,包括舍飼和放牧兩種。其中放牧組羊不進行補飼,舍飼組羊飼喂全混合日糧。第二因素是年齡,包括5歲左右成年母羊和4月齡斷奶羔羊。其中,母羊的育肥分前、后兩期,共兩個月。羔羊的育肥分前、中和后三期,共三個月。試驗包括兩部分。試驗一研究不同飼養(yǎng)模式對母羊和羔羊微量元素消化率的影響。在育肥前、后期各選6只羊采樣。前期采用內源指示劑法測定Co、Cu、Fe、 Mn、Zn、Se的消化率,后期取直腸糞樣,測定Cv、Fe、Mn、Zn的消化率。試驗二研究不同飼養(yǎng)模式對母羊和羔羊肌肉中微量元素含量的影響。在試驗結束后采集各組羊的臂三頭肌、股二頭肌、臀肌和背肌,測定Co、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn的含量。試驗結果表明：(1)絨山羊微量元素消化率存在年齡差異。在育肥后期,與羔羊相比,成年母羊Cu、Zn的消化率較高(P0.01),Fe、Mn的消化率較低(P0.05)。(2)絨山羊肌肉中微量元素含量存在年齡差異。與羔羊相比,母羊臂三頭肌中Cu、Se,股二頭肌Fe、Mn、Zn,背肌中Se、臀肌中微量元素的含量顯著高于羔羊組。臂三頭肌Zn、Fe、Mn,股二頭肌Se和背肌Mn、Zn的含量顯著低于羔羊組；背肌中Fe的含量有低于羔羊組的趨勢。(3)與放牧相比,舍飼能顯著增加臂三頭肌Zn(P0.05)和股二頭肌中Fe、Zn的含量(P0.01)；且舍飼能顯著提高絨山羊在整個育肥期對Cu、Mn的消化率(P0.05),及在育肥后期對Zn的消化率(P0.01)。(4)總體來看,絨山羊不同部位間比較,以羔羊背肌、母羊臀肌中微量元素含量最為豐富。不同飼養(yǎng)模式間,均以臀肌中Fe、Mn,股二頭肌中Se及背肌中Cu含量最豐富。(5)年齡與飼養(yǎng)模式互作效應對肌肉微量元素含量的影響與肌肉部位有關。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of age and feeding mode on the digestibility of trace elements and the distribution of trace elements in muscle of Albus White Cashmere Goat were studied. The results provided an important theoretical basis for the scientific use of trace elements in the diet of Cashmere Goats. From Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat Factory, 30 adult Albanian ewe and 30 lambs of similar body weight and age were selected as grazing group, and 30 ewes and lambs of the same age and weight were selected from the eliminated sheep and fed completely. 120 rats were divided into 4 groups with 30 rats in each group. The first factor was feeding mode, including house feeding and grazing. Sheep in grazing group were not fed supplementary feed, and sheep in house group were fed with total mixed diet. The second factor was age, including 5-year-old adult ewe and 4-month-old weaning lambs. Among them, the fattening of ewe before, after two phases, a total of two months. The lambs were fattened for three months before, after, and after. The experiment consists of two parts. Experiment one studied the effect of different feeding modes on the digestibility of trace elements in ewe and lamb. Before fattening, 6 sheep were sampled at the later stage of fattening. The digestibility of Co,Cu,Fe, Mn,Zn,Se was measured by endogenous indicator method, and the digestibility of Cv,Fe,Mn,Zn was measured by rectum fecal sample. The effect of different feeding modes on the content of trace elements in muscle of ewe and lamb was studied in experiment 2. After the experiment, the contents of Co,Cu,Fe,Mn,Zn in triceps, biceps femoris, gluteus muscle and dorsal muscle were collected. The results showed that: (1) there were age differences in the digestibility of trace elements in cashmere goats. In the later stage of fattening, the digestibility of Cu,Zn was higher (P0.01) and the digestibility of Fe,Mn was lower (P0.05). (2) in adult ewe than in lamb. Compared with the lamb, the contents of trace elements in the Fe,Mn,Zn, gluteus muscle of the Cu,Se, biceps femoris muscle were significantly higher than those of the lamb group. The contents of Se and Mn,Zn in biceps femoris and dorsal muscles of triceps arm muscle Zn,Fe,Mn, were significantly lower than those in lamb group. The content of Fe in dorsal muscle was lower than that in lamb group. (3) compared with grazing, the contents of Zn (P0.05) and Fe,Zn in biceps femoris (P0.01) were significantly increased in house feeding. The digestibility of Cu,Mn (P0.05) and the digestibility of Zn (P0.01). (4) of cashmere goats during the whole fattening period and later stage of fattening (P0.01). (4) were significantly increased. The contents of trace elements in the gluteus muscle of ewe were the most abundant. The contents of Se in biceps femoris Fe,Mn, and Cu in dorsal muscle were the most abundant in different feeding models. (5) the effect of age and feeding mode interaction on trace element content in muscle was related to muscle location.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S827

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