【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)研究了屎腸球菌SF68對(duì)斷奶仔豬生產(chǎn)性能、腹瀉情況、抗氧化性能、小腸組織形態(tài)學(xué)和腸道微生物區(qū)系的影響。1、屎腸球菌SF68對(duì)斷奶仔豬生長(zhǎng)性能、腹瀉情況和抗氧化性能的影響選取90頭21日齡體重相近(6.58±0.07kg)的杜洛克×長(zhǎng)白×大約克夏去勢(shì)仔豬,公母各半,隨機(jī)分配至5組,每組3個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)6頭豬。5個(gè)處理組分別為:對(duì)照組(CON組),飼喂不添加抗生素和屎腸球菌的基礎(chǔ)飼糧;抗生素組(ANT組),基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加0.02%的硫酸抗敵素(有效含量為10%)和0.0075%的金霉素(有效含量為15%);抗生素加低屎腸球菌組(ALEF組),基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加0.01%屎腸球菌(含量為1.0×1010CFU/g。)、0.02%硫酸抗敵和0.0075%金霉素;低屎腸球菌組(LEF組),基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加0.01%屎腸球菌;高屎腸球菌組(HEF組),基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加0.05%屎腸球菌。試驗(yàn)期21天。試驗(yàn)期間,記錄并計(jì)算平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G),統(tǒng)計(jì)腹瀉率和腹瀉指數(shù)。在仔豬42日齡時(shí)前腔靜脈采血,測(cè)定血清、肝臟、空腸和回腸抗氧化指標(biāo)。結(jié)果表明:(1)飼糧中添加屎腸球菌對(duì)斷奶仔豬平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)無(wú)顯著影響。ALEF組仔豬腹瀉率顯著低于CON組(P0.05);LEF組腹瀉率相比于CON組有降低的趨勢(shì)(P0.1);ALEF、LEF組腹瀉指數(shù)相比CON組有降低的趨勢(shì)(P0.1)。(2)ALEF組和LEF組血清中H2O2含量顯著高于CON組(P0.05);LEF組肝臟中H2O2含量極顯著低于CON組(P0.01)。ALEF組和HEF組肝臟中SOD活力、T-AOC活力顯著高于CON組(P0.05)。ALEF組、LEF組和HEF組空腸中H2O2含量顯著低于CON組(P0.05)。ALEF組空腸中SOD活性顯著高于CON組(P0.05)。相比于CON組,其他各組回腸中SOD活力顯著升高(P0.05),且MDA含量顯著降低(P0.05)。2、屎腸球菌SF68對(duì)斷奶仔豬腸道組織形態(tài)的影響選取十二指腸、空腸和回腸制作光鏡切片,小腸中段制作透射電鏡切片。測(cè)定絨毛高度(VH)、隱窩深度(CD)并計(jì)算VH:CD,觀(guān)察紋狀緣厚度。結(jié)果表明:(1)LEF組十二指腸絨毛高度顯著高于CON組(P0.05),ALEF組VH:CD顯著高于CON組(P0.05)。ALEF組和HEF組空腸絨毛高度、VH:CD顯著高于CON組(P0.05)。(2)CON組和ANT組小腸微絨毛都出現(xiàn)了不同程度的脫落,CON組和ANT組紋狀緣厚度均明顯低于其他各組。相比于CON組,ALEF組、LEF組紋狀緣更為整齊、致密。3、屎腸球菌SF68對(duì)斷奶仔豬腸道微生物區(qū)系的影響試驗(yàn)結(jié)束日(42日齡)屠宰仔豬,采集結(jié)腸內(nèi)容物,采用16SrRNA高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)分析屎腸球菌SF68對(duì)斷奶仔豬腸道微生物區(qū)系的影響。結(jié)果表明:(1)LEF組和HEF組Chao1指數(shù)顯著大于CON組(P0.05)。(2)LEF組厚壁菌門(mén)(Firmicutes)、軟壁菌門(mén)(Tenericutes)比例顯著高于CON組,且纖維桿菌門(mén)(Fibrobacteres)的比例有增加的趨勢(shì)(P0.1)。(3)LEF組和HEF組腸道菌群結(jié)構(gòu)比較相似,在樹(shù)狀圖中形成獨(dú)立分支,與CON組Unifrac距離較遠(yuǎn)。乳酸桿菌屬(Lactobacillus)在組間豐度上有顯著差異(P0.05)。綜上,屎腸球菌SF68可提高斷奶仔豬生長(zhǎng)性能并減少腹瀉,該作用可能與其減少氧化應(yīng)激并維護(hù)腸道黏膜屏障有關(guān)。屎腸球菌SF68的最適添加濃度為0.01%(1.0 ×10'0CFU/g)。
[Abstract]:The effects of Enterococcus faecalis SF68 on growth performance, diarrhea, antioxidant capacity, intestinal histomorphology and intestinal microflora of weaned piglets were studied. 1. Enterococcus faecalis SF68 on growth performance, diarrhea and antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets. 90 21-day-old piglets with similar body weight (6.58.07 kg) were selected as Duroc Large Yorkshire weaned piglets, male and female, were randomly allocated to 5 groups, 3 replicates in each group, and 6 pigs in each replicate group.5 treatment group were: control group (group CON), feeding basal diet without antibiotics and Enterococcus faecium; antibiotic group (group ANT), adding 0.02% sulphuric acid (ANT) and 0.0075% chlortetracycline in basal diet. The effective content was 15%; antibiotics plus Enterococcus faecium group (ALEF group), basic diet with 0.01% Enterococcus faecium (1.0 *1010 CFU/g.), 0.02% sulfuric acid and 0.0075% chloramphenicol; Enterococcus faecium group (LEF group), basic diet with 0.01% Enterococcus faecium; Enterococcus faecium faecium group (HEF group), basic diet with 0.05% Enterococcus faecium. The average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed-to-weight ratio (F/G) were recorded and calculated. The diarrhea rate and diarrhea index were calculated. The antioxidant indexes of serum, liver, jejunum and ileum were measured at 42 days old piglets. The diarrhea rate of ALEF group was significantly lower than that of CON group (P 0.05); the diarrhea rate of LEF group was significantly lower than that of CON group (P 0.1); the diarrhea index of ALEF and LEF group was significantly lower than that of CON group (P 0.1). (2) The content of H2O2 in serum of ALEF group and LEF group was significantly higher than that of CON group (P 0.05). The activity of SOD in liver and T-AOC in ALEF group and HEF group were significantly higher than that in CON group (P 0.05). The content of H2O2 in jejunum of ALEF group, LEF group and HEF group was significantly lower than that of CON group (P 0.05). The activity of SOD in jejunum of ALEF group was significantly higher than that of CON group (P 0.05). 5) and the content of MDA decreased significantly (P 0.05). 2. Enterococcus faecium SF68 on the intestinal morphology of weaned piglets. Duodenum, jejunum and ileum were selected to make light microscopic section, and mid-small intestine was made transmission electron microscopic section. The height of villi in ALEF group and HEF group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P 0.05). The height of villi in ALEF group and HEF group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P 0.05). (2) The microvilli of small intestine in CON group and ANT group were shedding in different degrees, and the thickness of striated margin in CON group and ANT group was significantly lower than that in other groups. Enterococcus faecalis SF68 on the intestinal microflora of weaned piglets at the end of the experiment (42 days old) slaughtered piglets, collected colon contents, and analyzed the effects of Enterococcus faecalis SF68 on intestinal microflora of weaned piglets by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that: (1) Chao1 index of LEF and HEF groups was significant. The proportion of Firmicutes and Tenericutes in LEF group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P 0.05). (3) The structure of intestinal flora in LEF group and HEF group was similar, forming an independent branch in the dendrogram, and was far away from Unifrac in CON group. In conclusion, Enterococcus faecium SF68 can improve growth performance and reduce diarrhea in weaned piglets. This effect may be related to reducing oxidative stress and maintaining intestinal mucosal barrier. The optimum concentration of Enterococcus faecium SF68 is 0.01% (1.0 *10'0 CFU/g).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S828.5

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