降雨變化對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古半干旱草地土壤活性氮庫及凈氮礦化的影響
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of rainfall change on the function and process of semi-arid grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, we set up two different artificial control experiments in Xilinhaote, Inner Mongolia. Rainfall control experiment platform of Xiwu Zhumqin Banner in Haot City (treatment includes five rainfall gradients: reducing rainfall by 60% and 30% in growing season, increasing rainfall by 30% and 60% in contrast; and two kinds of treatment of changing rainfall distribution, irrigating 30% and 60% of rainfall which should be increased in last month to corresponding sample plots in June-September of growing season) Rainfall control experiment platform of Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecological Positioning Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (including 8 rainfall gradient treatments: rainfall in growing season is 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 350 mm, 400 mm, 450 mm, 500 mm, and rainfall is allocated by 30%, 50% and 20% before, in middle and late growing season respectively; Rainfall was allocated at the ratio of 1:1,1:2,1:4 and 1:8 respectively in the pre-season and middle-season, and four extreme rainfall patterns, extreme drought (100mm) and extreme rainfall (500mm), were allocated at the ratio of 1:1 and 1:8 respectively in the pre-season and middle-season of the growing season. The effects of ecosystem soil water content, grassland productivity, soil active nitrogen pool and soil net nitrogen mineralization rate were studied. Two rainfall control experiments were carried out and the results were as follows: (1) Rainfall control experiment (1) Soil water content increased with the increase of rainfall. The change of rainfall distribution had no significant effect on soil water content. The net primary productivity (NPP) increased with the increase of rainfall, but the response of NPP to the change of rainfall was not obvious. The change of rainfall distribution had no significant effect on the above ground NPP. The concentration of inorganic nitrogen in soil was significantly increased, but the concentration of nitrate nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen pool was also significantly decreased by reducing rainfall. The concentration of inorganic nitrogen was not significantly affected by changing rainfall distribution. The concentrations of nitrate and inorganic nitrogen pools were positively correlated with soil water content. The soil microbial biomass C/N ratio was not affected by increasing rainfall and changing rainfall distribution, but the soil microbial biomass C/N ratio was significantly increased by reducing rainfall, and the rainfall increased with decreasing rainfall. There was no significant correlation between soil microbial biomass carbon and soil water content under different rainfall treatments, and there was a significant positive correlation between soil microbial biomass nitrogen and soil water content. (2) Rainfall pattern control experiment: (1) Soil water content increased with the increase of rainfall in growing season; the change of rainfall pattern and extreme rainfall pattern had no significant effect on soil water content. The net primary productivity (NPP) under extreme rainfall treatment was significantly higher than that under extreme drought treatment. There was no significant correlation between NPP and soil water content under rainfall pattern treatment except that there was no significant correlation between NPP and soil water content. (3) The concentration of soil ammonium nitrogen increased with the increase of rainfall in the middle and late growing season of 2014 (July-October), and the change of rainfall in the middle and late growing season of 2014 (July-October) had no significant effect on soil nitrate nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen pool; Rainfall pattern and extreme rainfall pattern (extreme drought and extreme rainfall) had no significant effect on soil inorganic nitrogen concentration. There was a significant positive correlation between soil total inorganic concentration and soil water content under rainfall and rainfall pattern changes. The C/N ratio of soil microbial biomass under 500 mm rainfall treatment in the growing season of 2015 was significantly lower than that under the other four treatments. _Rainfall, rainfall pattern and extreme rainfall pattern (extreme drought and extreme rainfall) had no effect on soil net ammonification rate, nitrification rate and net nitrogen mineralization rate. In summary, the changes of soil active nitrogen pool and net nitrogen mineralization rate under the background of rainfall change may be the result of interaction of litter, plant, soil environment and soil microorganisms. The processes that will have a far-reaching impact, and what changes will happen in future rainfall changes, will require long-term experimental studies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號(hào)】:S812
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