不同蛋白水平日糧影響仔豬肝臟氨基酸代謝的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-19 20:22
【摘要】：本課題通過選取18頭健康、體重20±1.1 kg的杜長大去勢(shì)仔豬,采用14%、17%和20%三種不同蛋白(CP)水平日糧飼喂仔豬,平衡日糧中的賴氨酸(Lys)、蛋氨酸(Met)、蘇氨酸(Thr)和色氨酸(Trp),結(jié)合門靜脈-肝靜脈--腸系膜靜脈-頸動(dòng)脈血管插管系統(tǒng),采集采食前后不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)的動(dòng)靜脈血液,研究了采食不同CP水平日糧后仔豬門靜脈-肝靜脈氨基酸的變化規(guī)律,進(jìn)而分析氨基酸在仔豬肝臟的代謝特點(diǎn),為配制CP日糧提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.本試驗(yàn)旨在仔豬上建立門-肝-腸系膜-頸動(dòng)脈血管插管系統(tǒng),為研究仔豬肝臟營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的代謝提供技術(shù)支撐。選擇18頭健康去勢(shì)的杜長大仔豬,體重均為20±1.1 kg,分別在門靜脈、肝靜脈、腸系膜靜脈和頸動(dòng)脈安裝血插管,術(shù)后恢復(fù)5d,正式試驗(yàn)5d后,將1%對(duì)氨基馬尿酸(PAH)從腸系膜靜脈連續(xù)灌注,分別采集采食前0.5h和采食后0.5,1.5,3,5,7.5h門靜脈、肝靜脈和頸動(dòng)脈的血液,檢測(cè)肝靜脈和門靜脈內(nèi)PAH的濃度,計(jì)算肝靜脈和門靜脈的血流速度。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):門靜脈和肝靜脈的血流速度隨著采食而上升,門靜脈流速最高為2.80 L/h/kg和981.40 m L/min;肝靜脈流速達(dá)到4.04 L/h/kg和1414.65 m L/min。而且試驗(yàn)過程中安裝的導(dǎo)管可以維持血流通暢16d,暗示試驗(yàn)安裝導(dǎo)管系統(tǒng)的可行性。18頭試豬,其中12頭可用于機(jī)體肝臟營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)代謝研究。2.本研究通過飼喂仔豬三種不同CP水平(14%、17%、20%)的日糧,研究了仔豬肝臟氨基酸的代謝規(guī)律。采用氨基酸分析儀檢測(cè)肝靜脈、門靜脈和頸動(dòng)脈血漿內(nèi)游離氨基酸的濃度,通過動(dòng)靜脈濃度差法,計(jì)算門靜脈氨基酸在仔豬肝臟的代謝規(guī)律。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)43%-60%的Lys、25%-45%的Thr和15%-55%的精氨酸(Arg)分別在肝臟代謝,然而對(duì)于支鏈氨基酸(BCAAs),在三種CP水平組(14%、17%、20%)肝臟代謝比例較少,纈氨酸(Val)(4.07%、8.95%、9.52%)、異亮氨酸(Ile)(3.49%、3.61%、7.92%)和亮氨酸(Leu)(4.34%、5.40%、13.39%)分別在仔豬肝臟被代謝利用;(2)肝臟代謝苯丙氨酸(Phe)分別達(dá)到79.39%、74.13%、63.00%,酪氨酸(Tyr)分別為92.30%、87.34%、77.41%,即大量Phe和Tyr在仔豬肝臟代謝;而肝臟對(duì)谷氨酸(Glu)和天冬氨酸(Asp)有大量凈產(chǎn)生;(3)與20%CP組相比,14%CP組顯著降低了食后0.5-1.5h仔豬門靜脈、肝靜脈血液內(nèi)TAAs和TEAAs的濃度(P0.05),而與17%CP組無顯著差異(P0.05);14%CP組仔豬肝臟代謝利用的TAAs、TEAAs、Lys、Val、Phe、甘氨酸(Gly)、絲氨酸(Ser)顯著高于20%CP組(P0.05),與17%CP組差異不顯著(P0.05),同時(shí)14%CP組Glu和Asp在仔豬肝臟合成量最高(P0.05);且17%CP組仔豬肝臟對(duì)Thr、Leu、Ile的代謝利用效率顯著低于14%CP組(P0.05);(4)Val(48.94%vs.7.51%)、Ile(37.29%vs.5.01%)和Leu(56.56%vs.7.71%)在仔豬腸道和肝臟代謝差異較大,肝臟幾乎不代謝BCAAs,值得注意的是Tyr(139.34%)和丙氨酸(Ala)(135.9%)在腸道以合成為主,在肝臟Tyr(85.68%)和Ala(77.22%)大量被代謝,且?guī)缀跛械腉lu和95.11%的Asp在腸道代謝,而在肝臟則有大量合成。根據(jù)試驗(yàn)得出以下結(jié)論:1.采用平衡Lys、Met、Thr和Trp的低CP日糧飼喂仔豬,提高了仔豬肝臟內(nèi)EAAs的代謝率,然而Glu和Asp隨著日糧CP水平降低,在肝臟的凈合成增加;2.代謝量在肝臟與腸道相當(dāng)?shù)陌被?如Lys、Thr等;肝臟內(nèi)代謝較少的氨基酸,如Val、Ile等;在肝臟內(nèi)既合成又降解,以合成為主的氨基酸,如Glu、Asp等;在肝臟內(nèi)既合成又降解,以降解為主的氨基酸,如:Phe、Ala等;因此,肝臟對(duì)氨基酸代謝利用受到日糧CP水平和氨基酸種類的影響。
[Abstract]:In this study, 18 healthy adult castrated piglets weighing 20 (+1.1 kg) were fed a diet of 14%, 17% and 20% different protein (CP) levels. Lys, Met, Thr and Trp in the diet were balanced, and portal-hepatic vein-mesenteric vein-carotid artery intubation system was used to collect data. The changes of amino acids in portal vein and hepatic vein of piglets fed diets with different CP levels were studied before and after feeding, and the metabolic characteristics of amino acids in the liver of piglets were analyzed to provide theoretical basis for preparing CP diets. The main results were as follows: 1. Carotid artery intubation system was used to provide technical support for the study of nutrient metabolism in the liver of piglets.Eighteen healthy castrated Du-Da piglets, weighing 20 The blood samples of portal vein, hepatic vein and carotid artery were collected at 0.5 h before and 0.5 h, 1.5 h, 3 h, 5 h, 7.5 h after feeding. The concentration of PAH in hepatic vein and portal vein was detected and the blood velocity of hepatic vein and portal vein was calculated. L/h/kg and 981.40 m L/min; hepatic venous velocity reaches 4.04 L/h/kg and 1414.65 m L/min.; and the catheter installed during the test can maintain smooth blood flow 16d, suggesting the feasibility of installing the catheter system. *.18 test pigs, 12 of them can be used for liver nutrition of the body. * Xie Yan research.2.. This study is fed piglets three different CP water. The metabolism of amino acids in the liver of piglets was studied on a 14%, 17% and 20% diet. The concentrations of free amino acids in the plasma of hepatic vein, portal vein and carotid artery were measured by amino acid analyzer. The metabolism of portal vein amino acids in the liver of piglets was calculated by arteriovenous concentration difference method. - 55% arginine (Arg) was metabolized in the liver, whereas branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were metabolized in the liver of piglets at three CP levels (14%, 17%, 20%) with less proportion of liver metabolism, valine (Val) (4.07%, 8.95%, 9.52%), isoleucine (Ile) (3.49%, 3.61%, 7.92%) and leucine (Leu) (4.34%, 5.40%, 13.39%) metabolized in the liver of piglets respectively; (2) benzene was metabolized in the liver of piglets. Alanine (Phe) was 79.39%, 74.13%, 63.00%, tyrosine (Tyr) was 92.30%, 87.34%, 77.41%, that is, a large amount of Phe and Tyr were metabolized in the liver of piglets, while liver glutamic acid (Glu) and aspartate (Asp) were produced in large quantities; (3) Compared with 20% CP group, 14% CP group significantly reduced TAAs and TEAA in portal vein, hepatic vein blood of piglets at 0.5-1.5 h postprandial. The concentrations of TAAs, TEAAs, Lys, Val, Phe, Gly and Ser in 14% CP group were significantly higher than those in 20% CP group (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between 17% CP group and 17% CP group (P 0.05). Metabolic utilization efficiency of Ile was significantly lower than that of 14% CP group (P 0.05); (4) Val (48.94% vs. 7.51%), Ile (37.29% vs. 5.01%) and Leu (56.56% vs. 7.71%) were significantly different in intestine and liver metabolism of piglets, and liver almost did not metabolize BCAAs. It was noteworthy that Tyr (139.34%) and alanine (Ala) (135.9%) were mainly synthesized in intestine, and Tyr (85.68%) and Ala (77.22%) in liver. Almost all of Glu and 95.11% of Asp were metabolized in the intestine and were synthesized in the liver. According to the experiment, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Low CP diets with balanced Lys, Met, Thr and Trp increased EAAs metabolism in the liver of piglets. However, the net synthesis of Glu and Asp in the liver increased with the decrease of dietary CP levels. 2. Amino acids, such as Lys and Thr, which are similar to those in the liver and intestine; amino acids, such as Val and Ile, which are less metabolized in the liver; synthetic and degraded amino acids, such as Glu and Asp, which are mainly synthesized and degraded in the liver; amino acids, such as Phe and Ala, which are mainly degraded, are synthesized and degraded in the liver; therefore, the metabolism and utilization of amino acids by the liver is affected. The effects of dietary CP level and amino acid type were studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5
本文編號(hào)：2192734
[Abstract]:In this study, 18 healthy adult castrated piglets weighing 20 (+1.1 kg) were fed a diet of 14%, 17% and 20% different protein (CP) levels. Lys, Met, Thr and Trp in the diet were balanced, and portal-hepatic vein-mesenteric vein-carotid artery intubation system was used to collect data. The changes of amino acids in portal vein and hepatic vein of piglets fed diets with different CP levels were studied before and after feeding, and the metabolic characteristics of amino acids in the liver of piglets were analyzed to provide theoretical basis for preparing CP diets. The main results were as follows: 1. Carotid artery intubation system was used to provide technical support for the study of nutrient metabolism in the liver of piglets.Eighteen healthy castrated Du-Da piglets, weighing 20 The blood samples of portal vein, hepatic vein and carotid artery were collected at 0.5 h before and 0.5 h, 1.5 h, 3 h, 5 h, 7.5 h after feeding. The concentration of PAH in hepatic vein and portal vein was detected and the blood velocity of hepatic vein and portal vein was calculated. L/h/kg and 981.40 m L/min; hepatic venous velocity reaches 4.04 L/h/kg and 1414.65 m L/min.; and the catheter installed during the test can maintain smooth blood flow 16d, suggesting the feasibility of installing the catheter system. *.18 test pigs, 12 of them can be used for liver nutrition of the body. * Xie Yan research.2.. This study is fed piglets three different CP water. The metabolism of amino acids in the liver of piglets was studied on a 14%, 17% and 20% diet. The concentrations of free amino acids in the plasma of hepatic vein, portal vein and carotid artery were measured by amino acid analyzer. The metabolism of portal vein amino acids in the liver of piglets was calculated by arteriovenous concentration difference method. - 55% arginine (Arg) was metabolized in the liver, whereas branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were metabolized in the liver of piglets at three CP levels (14%, 17%, 20%) with less proportion of liver metabolism, valine (Val) (4.07%, 8.95%, 9.52%), isoleucine (Ile) (3.49%, 3.61%, 7.92%) and leucine (Leu) (4.34%, 5.40%, 13.39%) metabolized in the liver of piglets respectively; (2) benzene was metabolized in the liver of piglets. Alanine (Phe) was 79.39%, 74.13%, 63.00%, tyrosine (Tyr) was 92.30%, 87.34%, 77.41%, that is, a large amount of Phe and Tyr were metabolized in the liver of piglets, while liver glutamic acid (Glu) and aspartate (Asp) were produced in large quantities; (3) Compared with 20% CP group, 14% CP group significantly reduced TAAs and TEAA in portal vein, hepatic vein blood of piglets at 0.5-1.5 h postprandial. The concentrations of TAAs, TEAAs, Lys, Val, Phe, Gly and Ser in 14% CP group were significantly higher than those in 20% CP group (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between 17% CP group and 17% CP group (P 0.05). Metabolic utilization efficiency of Ile was significantly lower than that of 14% CP group (P 0.05); (4) Val (48.94% vs. 7.51%), Ile (37.29% vs. 5.01%) and Leu (56.56% vs. 7.71%) were significantly different in intestine and liver metabolism of piglets, and liver almost did not metabolize BCAAs. It was noteworthy that Tyr (139.34%) and alanine (Ala) (135.9%) were mainly synthesized in intestine, and Tyr (85.68%) and Ala (77.22%) in liver. Almost all of Glu and 95.11% of Asp were metabolized in the intestine and were synthesized in the liver. According to the experiment, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Low CP diets with balanced Lys, Met, Thr and Trp increased EAAs metabolism in the liver of piglets. However, the net synthesis of Glu and Asp in the liver increased with the decrease of dietary CP levels. 2. Amino acids, such as Lys and Thr, which are similar to those in the liver and intestine; amino acids, such as Val and Ile, which are less metabolized in the liver; synthetic and degraded amino acids, such as Glu and Asp, which are mainly synthesized and degraded in the liver; amino acids, such as Phe and Ala, which are mainly degraded, are synthesized and degraded in the liver; therefore, the metabolism and utilization of amino acids by the liver is affected. The effects of dietary CP level and amino acid type were studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 趙勝軍;王林楓;王玲;吳樹清;;羊肝、門、腸系膜靜脈和頸動(dòng)脈血管瘺管手術(shù)安裝及體會(huì)[J];飼料工業(yè);2010年S2期
，本文編號(hào)：2192734
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