【摘要】：本試驗研究包膜丁酸鈉、包膜氧化鋅、枯草芽孢桿菌、枯草芽孢桿菌和丁酸梭菌混合制劑四種常用添加劑對育成豬生長、消化率、血液成分、免疫性能方面的作用效果及經(jīng)濟效益分析,正確認(rèn)識和使用某些飼料添加劑,以降低飼料成本,從而降低豬場生產(chǎn)成本。試驗選取80頭初始體重37.50±1.477kg的三元雜交豬([約克夏×長白]×杜洛克),按體重和性別用隨機完全區(qū)組設(shè)計RCB將豬只分為5個處理組,即對照(CON)組、包膜丁酸鈉(CSB)組、包膜氧化鋅(ZnO)組、枯草芽孢桿菌(H10)組、枯草芽孢桿菌和丁酸梭菌(F10)組,每組4個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)4頭,根據(jù)NRC(1998)飼養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進行為期6周的飼養(yǎng)試驗。在試驗期內(nèi)測定育成豬的生產(chǎn)性能指標(biāo)、消化率、血液生化和經(jīng)濟效益等指標(biāo)。試驗結(jié)果如下：(1)生長性能：丁酸鈉組(CSB)、氧化鋅組(ZnO)、枯草芽孢桿菌和丁酸梭菌混合制劑組(F10)日增重較對照組分別提高9.47%、9.34%和8.71%,各組間差異不顯著(P0.05)。F10組料重比顯著低于對照組(P0.05),CSB組與F10組、枯草芽孢桿菌組(H10)與F10組間料重比均有顯著趨勢(0.05P0.10)。F10組對生長性能的促進作用最佳。(2)消化率：F10組氮攝入分別比對照組和CSB組高7.43%、9.63%,氮沉積和消化分別比對照組高16.19%和17.45%,比CSB組低5.28%和13.04%；CSB組氮沉積和消化分別比對照組高10.06%和2.16%；各試驗組與對照組及各試驗組間差異不顯著(P0.05)。(3)血清生化：CSB組的血清皮質(zhì)醇含量與對照組間差異顯著(P0.05)；F10組血清皮質(zhì)醇顯著高于CSB組(P0.05)。各組血清尿素氮含量均低于對照組,F10組與對照組相比有顯著趨勢(0.05P0.10)。對照組血清葡萄糖含量顯著低于ZnO組(P0.05),極顯著低于H10組(P0.05)；F10組血清葡萄糖含量顯著低于ZnO組(P0.05),且極顯著低于H10組(P0.01)。CZnO組與對照組間血清IGF-1的含量有顯著趨勢(0.05P0.10)；其它各組IGF-1含量雖高于對照組,但與對照組及各試驗組之間差異均不顯著(P0.05)。(4)免疫性能：F10組、H10組血清IgG含量顯著高于對照組(P0.05)；CSB組與F10組、H10組兩組間差異顯著(P0.05)。各組間血清IgA含量無顯著差異(P0.05)。四種添加劑對育成豬免疫性能均有顯著的促進效果,其中F10組免疫效果最好。(5)經(jīng)濟效益：育成后期CSB組每頭豬所耗的飼料成本顯著高于H10組(P0.05)；從單位增重耗料成本來看,育成前期對照組顯著高于F10組(P0.05)；育成后期階段對照組及CSB組的單位增重所耗成本顯著高于H10組(P0.05)；育成全期對照組和CSB組單位增重成本都極顯著高于F10組(P0.01), CZnO組顯著高于F10組(P0.05)。綜合各項指標(biāo)測定結(jié)果來看,在育成豬日糧中添加枯草芽孢桿菌和丁酸梭菌混合制劑一定程度上可以改善其生長性能、提高免疫性能、降低飼料成本,有效降低豬場生產(chǎn)成本,可以應(yīng)用于實際生產(chǎn)中；其他三種添加劑對育成豬無顯著效果,在育成豬日糧中可以不添加,以降低飼料成本,從而降低豬場生產(chǎn)成本。
[Abstract]:The effects of sodium butyrate, zinc oxide, Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium butyrate on the growth, digestibility and blood composition of pigs were studied. In order to reduce the feed cost and reduce the production cost of pig farm, the effect of immune function and economic benefit were analyzed, and some feed additives were correctly recognized and used. 80 three-way crossbred pigs ([Yorkshire 脳 Landrace] 脳 Duroc) with initial weight 37.50 鹵1.477kg were selected and randomly divided into five treatment groups (control (CON) group, encapsulated sodium butyrate (CSB) group) with random complete block design according to their body weight and sex. Zinc oxide coated (ZnO) group, Bacillus subtilis (H10) group, Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium butyrate (F10) group were fed for 6 weeks according to the standard of NRC (1998). The indexes of production performance, digestibility, blood biochemistry and economic benefit were measured during the trial period. The results are as follows: (1) growth performance: the daily gain of (ZnO), Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium butyrate mixed preparation group (F10) in sodium butyrate group was 9.47% and 8.71% higher than that in control group, respectively. The difference was not significant (P0.05). In the control group (P0.05), CSB group and F10 group, (2) the digestibility of N intake in group F10 was 7.433.63% higher than that of control group and CSB group, and the nitrogen deposition and digestibility were 16.19% higher than that of control group. (2) the ratio of feed to weight of Bacillus subtilis group (H10) to F10 group (0.05P0.10). F10 group had the best promoting effect on growth performance. (2) the digestibility of N uptake in group F10 was 7.433.63% higher than that of control group and CSB group respectively. And 17.45% lower than CSB group 5.28% and 13.04%; Nitrogen deposition and digestibility in CSB group were 10.06% and 2.16% higher than those in control group, and there was no significant difference between each test group and control group and between test group and control group (P0.05). There was significant difference in serum cortisol content between control group and control group (P0.05). Serum cortisol in group F 10 was significantly higher than that in group CSB (P 0.05). The levels of serum urea nitrogen in each group were significantly lower than those in control group and control group (0.05P0.10). The serum glucose content in the control group was significantly lower than that in the ZnO group (P0.05), the serum glucose content in the F10 group was significantly lower than that in the ZnO group (P0.05), and the level of serum IGF-1 in the F10 group was significantly lower than that in the H10 group (P0.01). There was a significant trend (0.05P0.10) in the serum IGF-1 content between the CZnO group and the control group. Although the content of IGF-1 in other groups was higher than that of the control group, there was no significant difference between the other groups and the control group and each test group (P0.05). (4). The content of serum IgG in the H10 group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05) and the difference between the two groups was significant (P0.05). There was no significant difference in serum IgA content among groups (P0.05). Four kinds of additives had significant promoting effect on immune performance of adult pigs. (5) Economic benefit: the feed cost of CSB group was significantly higher than that of H10 group (P0.05), and the feed cost per unit weight gain was significantly higher in CSB group than in H10 group (P0.05), and F10 group had the best immune effect. (5) Economic benefit: the feed cost of CSB group was significantly higher than that of H10 group (P0.05). The cost of weight gain in the control group and CSB group was significantly higher than that in the H10 group (P0.05). The unit weight gain cost of control group and CSB group were significantly higher than that of F10 group (P0.01), CZnO group was significantly higher than F10 group (P0.05). The results showed that adding Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium butyrate to the diet of adult pigs could improve their growth performance, improve their immune performance, reduce the feed cost, and effectively reduce the production cost of pig farms. The other three additives have no significant effect on breeding pigs and can not be added in the diets of adult pigs in order to reduce the feed cost and thus reduce the production cost of pig farms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S828.5

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