【摘要】：本文采用采用了“尼龍袋法”和“營養(yǎng)灌注技術(shù)”等方法,從體內(nèi)(in vivo)和原位(in situ)兩個主要方向切入主題—米曲霉培養(yǎng)物對綿羊瘤胃降解羊草的影響,與此同時測定了在添加米曲霉培養(yǎng)物后,瘤胃的pH值、NH3-N、VFA以及瘤胃微生物多樣性的變化進行了系統(tǒng)的研究。首先,設(shè)立了0%DM、0.2%DM、0.4%DM、0.6%DM四種不同米曲霉培養(yǎng)物添加劑量,并根據(jù)瘤胃內(nèi)環(huán)境和纖維物質(zhì)降解率篩選出米曲霉培養(yǎng)物在綿羊瘤胃中的最適添加劑量。其中0.4%DM組顯著提高了乙酸含量和TVFA的含量(P0.05)。添加米曲霉培養(yǎng)物經(jīng)瘤胃培養(yǎng)12h后對纖維物質(zhì)的降解率有顯著的提高,其中0.4%DM組的瘤胃纖維物質(zhì)降解率效果優(yōu)于0.2%DM、0.6%DM組。其次,利用前期篩選出來的米曲霉培養(yǎng)物最適添加量,通過測定瘤胃發(fā)酵動力學(xué)參數(shù)、纖維物質(zhì)及營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)在綿羊消化道的流通規(guī)律來評價米曲霉培養(yǎng)物與艾美福的差別。(1)瘤胃液相體積和滯留時間為艾美福組最大,固相體積和滯留時間為米曲霉組最大。(2)相同消化部位不同處理間營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)流通量差異不顯著(P0.05),但添加米曲霉培養(yǎng)物降低了營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)流通量。(3)添加米曲霉培養(yǎng)物對綿羊消化道相同部位營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的消化率影響不顯著(P0.05),但增大了營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)消化率,ADF的消化率米曲霉培養(yǎng)物組最高。最后,由于許多文獻都指出,米曲霉培養(yǎng)物對瘤胃發(fā)酵和反芻動物生產(chǎn)力都有促進作用。但其作用原理,和對瘤胃菌群的影響等根本性問題上卻鮮有研究,這就使得米曲霉培養(yǎng)物的應(yīng)用成為一個黑箱。而本文最后一部分對添加米曲霉培養(yǎng)物后,瘤胃菌群多樣性的影響進行了初步研究,同時秉著謹慎的態(tài)度,通過切膠回收鑒定了特殊條帶的菌種。其中添加添加米曲霉培養(yǎng)物和艾美福后對綿羊瘤菌群產(chǎn)生一定影響,并且米曲霉培養(yǎng)物組與艾美福組相比細菌豐富度高,且優(yōu)勢條帶明顯,其優(yōu)勢細菌為解糖梭菌、普雷沃菌和螺旋體。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of Aspergillus oryzae culture on rumen degradation of Leymus chinensis were cut into two main directions of (in vivo) and in situ (in situ) by means of "nylon bag method" and "nutrition perfusion technique". At the same time, the pH value of rumen and the variation of rumen microbial diversity were determined after the addition of Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae). Firstly, four different kinds of Aspergillus oryzae culture additives were set up. The optimum amount of aspergillus oryzae culture in sheep rumen was selected according to the rumen environment and fiber degradation rate. 0.4%DM group significantly increased the content of acetic acid and TVFA (P0.05). Addition of Aspergillus oryzae to rumen culture for 12 hours significantly increased the degradation rate of fiber, and the degradation rate of rumen fiber in 0.4%DM group was better than that in 0.2 DM0 0.6 DM group. Secondly, by using the optimum addition amount of Aspergillus oryzae culture selected in the early stage, the kinetic parameters of rumen fermentation were determined. In order to evaluate the difference between Aspergillus oryzae culture and Emefon, the circulation of fiber and nutrients in the digestive tract of sheep was evaluated. (1) the rumen liquid volume and retention time were the largest in the Emefol group. The solid volume and retention time were the largest in Aspergillus oryzae group. (2) there was no significant difference in nutrient flux among different treatments at the same digestion site (P0.05), but adding Aspergillus oryzae culture decreased the nutrient flux. (3) the effect of Aspergillus oryzae culture on nutrient flux was significant. The digestibility of nutrients in the same part of digestive tract of sheep was not significant (P0.05), but the digestibility of ADF was the highest in Aspergillus oryzae culture group. Finally, many literatures indicate that Aspergillus oryzae culture can promote rumen fermentation and ruminant productivity. However, little research has been done on the fundamental issues, such as the mechanism of action and the effect on rumen flora, which makes the application of Aspergillus oryzae culture a black box. In the last part of this paper, the effects of Aspergillus oryzae culture on the diversity of rumen flora were studied. The addition of Aspergillus oryzae and Emmefon had a certain effect on the sheep tumour flora, and the bacterial richness and dominant bands of the culture group were higher than that of the Emmefon group, and the dominant bacteria were Clostridium glycolystis. Prevos and spirochetes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S826.5

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王夢芝;徐愛秋;李世霞;王洪榮;;瘤胃微生物類群的多樣性及其綜合發(fā)酵的研究進展[J];飼料工業(yè);2008年15期

，

本文編號：2177895