放牧綿羊補飼復合預混料應用效果研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-31 14:09
【摘要】：目的:通過眾多研究發(fā)現,微量元素和維生素對于畜禽生長發(fā)育、繁殖性能、生產性能都有十分重要的作用。目前,我國養(yǎng)羊業(yè)仍處在轉型階段,由較為古板的傳統型逐步轉變?yōu)楝F代化程度較高的集約型養(yǎng)殖,微量元素和維生素在綿羊生產中的應用也隨之提高。維生素添加劑在目前的草食家畜的飼料添加劑研究中位于次要地位,微量元素添加劑處于主要地位,飼料生產中補充多種維生素的主要目的是為了進一步改善動物的免疫功能,能夠加強動物生長發(fā)育并改善提高畜產品品質和產量。有相關研究表明,微量元素對于動物體內的維生素平衡有重要影響,因此復合預混料中應適量添加微量元素和維生素添加劑,對動物生產有著積極的作用。方法:本實驗通過飼喂試驗、屠宰試驗以及實驗室中的樣本分析,對放牧綿羊補飼應用復合預混料后的生長性能、免疫性能及肉品質進行了研究,通過對生長性能、免疫性能以及肉品質的分析確定復合預混料的應用效果,為伊犁地區(qū)提供符合放牧綿羊營養(yǎng)需要的復合預混料提供科學依據。通過對綿羊采食量與綿羊營養(yǎng)需要進行分析,得出綿羊需要補充的礦物質元素和維生素的量,設計合理的復合預混料,在伊犁地區(qū)進行動物生產試驗,通過試驗結果記錄和分析放牧綿羊的生產性能,飼喂試驗結束后采集樣品,包括血樣以及肉樣,測定血清中的各項生理生化指標并分析補飼復合預混料對綿羊免疫性能的影響,通過對肉品質的分析,研究補飼復合預混料對綿羊肉品質是否有所改善。結果:試驗一,實驗結果表明,補飼復合預混料增重效果明顯,試驗1組比對照組體重增加了13.5%(P0.01);試驗2組比對照組體重增加了23.76%(P0.01);試驗2組與試驗1組相比,差異極顯著(P0.01);屠宰指標方面,試驗1組與對照組體重比對照組增加了9.67%(P0.05),試驗2組與對照組增加了26.29%,試驗2組與試驗1組增長了為15.16%。胴體重明顯有升高趨勢,對照組1胴體重比對照組高23.46%(P0.05),試驗2組比對照組提高45.85%(P0.05),試驗2組比試驗1組提高了18.13%(P0.05);屠宰率對比看出,試驗1組屠宰率比對照組高4.83%(P0.05),試驗2組比對照組高對照組5.99%(P0.05),試驗1組與試驗2組對比差異不顯著(P0.05)。試驗二,試驗1組與對照組在血鈣含量對比鈣含量提高了82.76%(P0.01),試驗2組與對照組鈣含量提高了286.21%(P0.01),比較試驗2組與試驗1組發(fā)現差異極顯著(P0.01),鈣含量明顯提高,比試驗1組增加了0.59 mmol/L。對比血磷含量,試驗1組與對照組相比較差異不顯著(P0.05);試驗2組與對照組血清中磷含量增長了53.93%(P0.01),試驗2組對比試驗1組增長了25.69%(P0.05)。對照組血糖濃度試驗1組與對照組相比濃度提高了54.5%(P0.01);試驗2組對比對照組增加了82.39%,差異顯著(P0.01),試驗2組與試驗1組對比發(fā)現增長了18%,差異顯著(P0.05);對比發(fā)現免疫球蛋白G對照組與試驗1組差異不顯著(P0.05),對照組與試驗2組相比較差異顯著(P0.05),試驗1組與試驗2組在此指標方面對比差異顯著(P0.05);試驗組與對照組比較;對照組與試驗組相比較,血液中谷丙轉氨酶、谷草轉氨酶差異不顯著(P0.05)。試驗三,粗脂肪含量對比試驗1組對比發(fā)現差異不顯著(P0.05),試驗2組與對照組對比差異顯著(P0.05),試驗2組與試驗1組相比較差異顯著(P0.05);對比粗蛋白含量發(fā)現,試驗1組與對照組相比較差異顯著(P0.05),試驗2組與對照組對比差異顯著(P0.05),試驗1組與試驗2組對比差異不顯著(P0.05)。剪切力對比發(fā)現羊肉嫩度有所提高,試驗2組與試驗1組對比差異不顯著,試驗1組與對照組對比差異不顯著(P0.05),試驗2組與對照組對比差異極顯著(P0.01)。結論:1.補飼復合預混料可以顯著改善放牧綿羊的生產性能和屠宰性能,提高放牧綿羊的生產力;2.補飼復合預混料能夠提高放牧綿羊的免疫性能,提高其抗病能力,改善綿羊的生理狀況;3.放牧綿羊的肉品質在補飼復合預混料后有顯著的營養(yǎng)成分和嫩度的改變,肉品質得到改善。
[Abstract]:Objective: through numerous studies, it has been found that trace elements and vitamins have a very important role in the growth, development, reproductive performance and production performance of livestock and poultry. At present, the sheep industry in China is still in the transitional stage and is gradually transformed from a more ancient traditional type to a highly modernized intensive culture, and the trace elements and vitamins are produced in sheep. The application of vitamin additives is in the secondary position in the study of feed additives for present herbivorous livestock. Microelement additives are in the main position. The main purpose of supplementing various vitamins in feed production is to further improve the immune function of animals and to enhance and improve the growth and development of animals. The quality and yield of animal products. Related studies have shown that trace elements have an important effect on vitamin balance in animals. Therefore, the addition of trace elements and vitamin additives should be added to the compound premixture, and it has a positive effect on animal production. The growth performance, immune performance and meat quality of grazing sheep were studied. The application effect of compound premix was determined by the analysis of growth performance, immune performance and meat quality, which provided a scientific basis for the Yili area to provide the compound premixture suitable for the nutritional needs of grazing sheep. Sheep feed intake and sheep nutrition needs to be analyzed to obtain the amount of mineral elements and vitamins needed to be supplemented by sheep, to design reasonable compound premix, to carry out animal production tests in Yili, to record and analyze the production performance of grazing sheep through experimental results, and to collect samples, including blood samples and meat after the end of the feeding test. The physiological and biochemical indexes in the serum were measured and the effects of the compound premix on the immune performance of sheep were analyzed. Through the analysis of the meat quality, the quality of the sheep meat was improved. The results showed that the effect of the supplemental compound premix was obvious, and the 1 groups were compared with the control group. The weight increased by 13.5% (P0.01); the test 2 groups increased 23.76% (P0.01) more than the control group; the 2 groups were significantly different from the 1 groups (P0.01), and the body weight of the 1 group and the control group increased by 9.67% (P0.05), the test 2 and the control group increased by 26.29%, and the experiment 2 and the experimental group 1 increased to 15.16%. carcass. The weight of the 1 carcass in the control group was 23.46% higher than the control group (P0.05), the test 2 groups were 45.85% higher than the control group (P0.05), the test 2 groups were 18.13% (P0.05) higher than the 1 group, and the slaughter rate compared with the control group was 4.83% (P0.05) higher than the control group (P0.05), and the experiment 2 group was higher than the control group (P0.05), the experiment 1 group and experimental 2 The contrast difference was not significant (P0.05). Test two, the calcium content in the blood calcium content was increased by 82.76% (P0.01) in the test group and the control group. The calcium content in the 2 group and the control group was increased by 286.21% (P0.01). The comparison test between the 2 groups and the 1 groups showed significant difference (P0.01), the calcium content was significantly increased, and the blood phosphorus was increased by 0.59 mmol/L. compared with the test 1, and the blood phosphorus was compared with the test group. There was no significant difference between the 1 groups in the test group and the control group (P0.05); the levels of phosphorus in the serum of the 2 groups and the control group increased by 53.93% (P0.01), and the 1 groups in the 2 groups were increased by 25.69% (P0.05). The concentration of blood glucose concentration test 1 in the control group increased by 54.5% (P0.01) compared with the control group; the test 2 group increased 82.39% compared with the control group, and the difference was 82.39%. Significant (P0.01), the comparison between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was found to increase by 18%, and the difference was significant (P0.05). The contrast found that the immunoglobulin G control group was not significantly different from the test group (P0.05), the control group and the test 2 groups were significantly different (P0.05), the comparison of the 1 groups and the test 2 groups was significant (P0.05); the test group and the control group were compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the difference of glutamic alanine transaminase and glutamic aminotransferase in the blood was not significant (P0.05). Test three, the comparison between the 1 groups of the crude fat content test showed no significant difference (P0.05), the 2 groups were significantly different from the control group (P0.05), and the difference between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was significant (P0.05). There was a significant difference between the 1 groups and the control group (P0.05). The comparison of the 2 groups was significantly different from the control group (P0.05), and the comparison difference between the 1 groups and the 2 groups was not significant (P0.05). The shear force contrast found that the tenderness of the mutton meat was improved, the comparison between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was not significant, and the difference was not significant (P0.05) between the 1 groups and the control groups. The 2 groups were significantly different from the control group (P0.01). Conclusion: 1. supplemental compound premixture can significantly improve the production performance and slaughter performance of grazing sheep and improve the productivity of grazing sheep; 2. supplemental compound premixture can improve the immune performance of grazing sheep, improve its disease resistance, improve the physiological status of sheep, and 3. grazing sheep. The meat quality of sheep had significant changes in nutritional components and tenderness after supplementation of compound premix, and meat quality was improved.
【學位授予單位】：石河子大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S826.5
[Abstract]:Objective: through numerous studies, it has been found that trace elements and vitamins have a very important role in the growth, development, reproductive performance and production performance of livestock and poultry. At present, the sheep industry in China is still in the transitional stage and is gradually transformed from a more ancient traditional type to a highly modernized intensive culture, and the trace elements and vitamins are produced in sheep. The application of vitamin additives is in the secondary position in the study of feed additives for present herbivorous livestock. Microelement additives are in the main position. The main purpose of supplementing various vitamins in feed production is to further improve the immune function of animals and to enhance and improve the growth and development of animals. The quality and yield of animal products. Related studies have shown that trace elements have an important effect on vitamin balance in animals. Therefore, the addition of trace elements and vitamin additives should be added to the compound premixture, and it has a positive effect on animal production. The growth performance, immune performance and meat quality of grazing sheep were studied. The application effect of compound premix was determined by the analysis of growth performance, immune performance and meat quality, which provided a scientific basis for the Yili area to provide the compound premixture suitable for the nutritional needs of grazing sheep. Sheep feed intake and sheep nutrition needs to be analyzed to obtain the amount of mineral elements and vitamins needed to be supplemented by sheep, to design reasonable compound premix, to carry out animal production tests in Yili, to record and analyze the production performance of grazing sheep through experimental results, and to collect samples, including blood samples and meat after the end of the feeding test. The physiological and biochemical indexes in the serum were measured and the effects of the compound premix on the immune performance of sheep were analyzed. Through the analysis of the meat quality, the quality of the sheep meat was improved. The results showed that the effect of the supplemental compound premix was obvious, and the 1 groups were compared with the control group. The weight increased by 13.5% (P0.01); the test 2 groups increased 23.76% (P0.01) more than the control group; the 2 groups were significantly different from the 1 groups (P0.01), and the body weight of the 1 group and the control group increased by 9.67% (P0.05), the test 2 and the control group increased by 26.29%, and the experiment 2 and the experimental group 1 increased to 15.16%. carcass. The weight of the 1 carcass in the control group was 23.46% higher than the control group (P0.05), the test 2 groups were 45.85% higher than the control group (P0.05), the test 2 groups were 18.13% (P0.05) higher than the 1 group, and the slaughter rate compared with the control group was 4.83% (P0.05) higher than the control group (P0.05), and the experiment 2 group was higher than the control group (P0.05), the experiment 1 group and experimental 2 The contrast difference was not significant (P0.05). Test two, the calcium content in the blood calcium content was increased by 82.76% (P0.01) in the test group and the control group. The calcium content in the 2 group and the control group was increased by 286.21% (P0.01). The comparison test between the 2 groups and the 1 groups showed significant difference (P0.01), the calcium content was significantly increased, and the blood phosphorus was increased by 0.59 mmol/L. compared with the test 1, and the blood phosphorus was compared with the test group. There was no significant difference between the 1 groups in the test group and the control group (P0.05); the levels of phosphorus in the serum of the 2 groups and the control group increased by 53.93% (P0.01), and the 1 groups in the 2 groups were increased by 25.69% (P0.05). The concentration of blood glucose concentration test 1 in the control group increased by 54.5% (P0.01) compared with the control group; the test 2 group increased 82.39% compared with the control group, and the difference was 82.39%. Significant (P0.01), the comparison between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was found to increase by 18%, and the difference was significant (P0.05). The contrast found that the immunoglobulin G control group was not significantly different from the test group (P0.05), the control group and the test 2 groups were significantly different (P0.05), the comparison of the 1 groups and the test 2 groups was significant (P0.05); the test group and the control group were compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the difference of glutamic alanine transaminase and glutamic aminotransferase in the blood was not significant (P0.05). Test three, the comparison between the 1 groups of the crude fat content test showed no significant difference (P0.05), the 2 groups were significantly different from the control group (P0.05), and the difference between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was significant (P0.05). There was a significant difference between the 1 groups and the control group (P0.05). The comparison of the 2 groups was significantly different from the control group (P0.05), and the comparison difference between the 1 groups and the 2 groups was not significant (P0.05). The shear force contrast found that the tenderness of the mutton meat was improved, the comparison between the 2 groups and the 1 groups was not significant, and the difference was not significant (P0.05) between the 1 groups and the control groups. The 2 groups were significantly different from the control group (P0.01). Conclusion: 1. supplemental compound premixture can significantly improve the production performance and slaughter performance of grazing sheep and improve the productivity of grazing sheep; 2. supplemental compound premixture can improve the immune performance of grazing sheep, improve its disease resistance, improve the physiological status of sheep, and 3. grazing sheep. The meat quality of sheep had significant changes in nutritional components and tenderness after supplementation of compound premix, and meat quality was improved.
【學位授予單位】：石河子大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S826.5
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