品種因素和日糧添加火麻油對(duì)奶水牛生產(chǎn)性能、脂肪酸組成及瘤胃微生物群的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-28 15:29
【摘要】：試驗(yàn)一：比較研究不同品種對(duì)泌乳奶水牛產(chǎn)奶性能、乳脂脂肪酸組成、血液生理生化指標(biāo)、血漿脂肪酸含量、瘤胃發(fā)酵參數(shù)及瘤胃微生物群的影響。試驗(yàn)選取泌乳中期、胎次相近且健康狀況良好的泌乳期摩拉、尼里-拉菲和三品雜奶水牛各5頭,按品種分為3組。單槽飼喂,先粗后精,常規(guī)管理,自由飲水。結(jié)果表明,摩拉、尼里-拉菲、三品雜三個(gè)品種的產(chǎn)奶量、4%標(biāo)準(zhǔn)乳日產(chǎn)量和常規(guī)乳成分均無(wú)顯著差異；三品雜乳脂C10：0含量和血漿各脂肪酸含量均顯著高于尼里-拉菲(P0.05),三品雜和摩拉乳脂CLA含量均顯著高于尼里-拉菲(P0.05)；三個(gè)品種瘤胃內(nèi)pH、NH3-N、乳酸和VFA含量均無(wú)顯著差異(P0.05),摩拉和三品雜瘤胃內(nèi)乙酸／丙酸值顯著低于尼里-拉菲(P＜0.05)；摩拉和三品雜瘤胃內(nèi)原蟲(chóng)數(shù)量高于二尼里-拉菲,瘤胃內(nèi)其他微生物數(shù)量均無(wú)顯著差異(P0.05)。以上結(jié)果表明,三品雜和摩拉奶水牛牛乳品質(zhì)高于尼里-拉菲奶水牛。試驗(yàn)二：日糧添加火麻油對(duì)泌乳奶水牛生產(chǎn)性能、乳脂脂肪酸組成、血液生理生化指標(biāo)、血清抗氧化性、血漿脂肪酸含量、瘤胃發(fā)酵參數(shù)及瘤胃微生物群的影響。選取18頭泌乳中期、胎次相近且健康狀況良好的泌乳期雜交奶水牛(廣西本地水�！聊崂�-拉菲水�！聊�),隨機(jī)分為3組(1個(gè)對(duì)照組和兩個(gè)處理組),每組6頭。對(duì)照組飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧,試驗(yàn)組分別在基礎(chǔ)日糧的精料中添加100 g/d的火麻油和200 g/d的火麻油。試驗(yàn)期為42天,其中預(yù)飼期14天,正式期28天。結(jié)果表明,日糧添加火麻油可以顯著降低奶水牛采食量(P0.05),對(duì)4%標(biāo)準(zhǔn)乳日產(chǎn)量、乳蛋白率和乳糖有降低趨勢(shì)(P0.05)。隨著火麻油添加量和時(shí)間的增加,奶水牛乳脂十六碳及十六碳以下的脂肪酸占比降低,十八碳脂肪酸占比均有提高,對(duì)除C20：0外的十八碳以上的其他脂肪酸占比影響不大,其中火麻油能夠顯著提高CLA及CLA中C18：2n10t和C18：2n9c占比(P0.05),降低SFA和SFA/UFA,提高UFA、MUFA和PUFA占比。日糧添加100 g/d火麻油可以顯著提高奶水牛血液中AST、TG、IgA、IgM、GSH-Px,降低MDA含量(P0.05),添加200g/d火麻油可以顯著提高血清中HDL、AOC. GSH-Px和CAT含量(P0.05)；火麻油能夠降低血漿中C6：0含量和SFA/UFA值,提高C18:1n9c、C18:2n6c、UFA、MUFA和PUFA含量,對(duì)血漿其他脂肪酸含量無(wú)顯著影響。日糧添加火麻油對(duì)瘤胃內(nèi)pH、NH3-N和乳酸濃度無(wú)顯著影響(P0.05),對(duì)瘤胃各揮發(fā)性脂肪酸和TVFA含量有降低趨勢(shì)(P0.05)。添加100g/d火麻油能夠顯著降低瘤胃原蟲(chóng)、產(chǎn)VA丁酸弧菌、黃化瘤胃球菌和產(chǎn)琥珀酸絲狀桿菌的含量(P0.05),甲烷菌、反芻獸新月型單胞菌和白色瘤胃球菌隨日糧火麻油添加量的增加有提高趨勢(shì)(P0.05),添加火麻油對(duì)溶纖維丁酸弧菌、真菌、丁酸弧菌組細(xì)菌無(wú)顯著影響(P0.05)。本試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：日糧添加火麻油能夠提高了奶水牛乳脂功能性脂肪酸尤其是CLA的含量,提高水牛奶營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平。
[Abstract]:Experiment 1: the effects of different varieties on milk production performance, fatty acid composition of milk fat, blood physiological and biochemical indexes, plasma fatty acid content, rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbial community were compared. In the experiment, five milk buffalo were selected in the middle lactation period, similar in birth order and good in health condition, and each of them was divided into 3 groups according to the variety of Mura, Nili-Lafite and three-pint mixed milk buffalo. Single trough feeding, first coarse and then refined, conventional management, free drinking water. The results showed that there was no significant difference in daily yield of standard milk between Mora, Nili Lafite and three varieties of mixed milk, and there was no significant difference between the daily yield of standard milk and the composition of conventional milk. The contents of C10: 0 in milk fat and fatty acids in plasma were significantly higher than those in Nili-Lafite (P0.05), and the CLA contents of three hybrids and Morrah were significantly higher than those of Near-Lafite (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the contents of NH _ 3-N, lactic acid and VFA in the rumen of the three varieties (P0.05). The value of acetic acid / propionic acid in the rumen of Mora and Sanpin hybrids was significantly lower than that of Niri-Lafite (P < 0. 05), and the number of protozoa in the rumen of Mora and Sanpin hybrids was higher than that of Dinari-Lafite. There was no significant difference in the number of other microorganisms in rumen (P0.05). The results showed that the milk quality of three mixed and Mora buffalo was higher than that of Nili-Lafite milk buffalo. Experiment 2: effects of flax oil on production performance, fatty acid composition of milk fat, blood physiological and biochemical indexes, serum antioxidant activity, plasma fatty acid content, rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbial community in lactation buffalo. Eighteen crossbred buffalo (Guangxi native buffalo 脳 Niri-Lafite buffalo 脳 Morrah buffalo) were randomly divided into 3 groups (one control group and two treatment groups) with 6 in each group. The control group was fed with basic diet and the experimental group was fed with 100 g / d of flax oil and 200 g / d of flax oil in the concentrate of the basal diet. The trial period was 42 days, including 14 days for prefeeding and 28 days for formal feeding. The results showed that the feed intake of buffalo significantly decreased (P0.05), and the daily yield of 4% standard milk, milk protein rate and lactose decreased (P0.05). With the increase of the amount and time of flax oil, the proportion of fatty acids under hexadecyl and less than hexadecyl in milk fat of milk buffalo decreased, and the proportion of octadecyl fatty acids increased, which had little effect on the proportion of fatty acids over octadecyl except C20: 0. The ratio of C18:2n10t and C18:2n9c in CLA and CLA was significantly increased (P0.05), and the ratio of SFA / SFA-UFA was decreased, and the proportion of UFA-MUFA and PUFA was increased. Supplementation of 100 g / d flax oil significantly increased the blood GSH-Px and decreased the MDA content in the blood of milk buffalo (P0.05), and the addition of 200g/d sesame oil significantly increased the serum HDL-AOC. The content of GSH-Px and CAT (P0.05), the content of C6: 0 and the value of SFA/UFA in plasma were decreased, and the contents of C18: 1n9cU, C18: 2n6cUFAMUFA and PUFA were increased, but there was no significant effect on the content of other fatty acids in plasma. Supplementation of flaxseed oil had no significant effect on rumen pH, NH _ 3-N and lactate concentration (P0.05), but decreased the contents of volatile fatty acids and TVFA in rumen (P0.05). The addition of 100g/d sesame oil could significantly reduce the contents of protozoa, Vibrio VA butyrate, Streptococcus aeruginosa and filamentous succinate (P0.05). Crescomonas ruminants and S. albicans increased with the increase of dietary oil (P0.05), but the addition of flaxseed oil had no significant effect on the bacteria of Vibrio fibrinolyticus, fungi and Vibrio butyrate group (P0.05). The results showed that the content of functional fatty acids, especially CLA, and the nutritional level of buffalo milk were increased by adding flax oil to diet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S823.5
，
本文編號(hào)：2150712
[Abstract]:Experiment 1: the effects of different varieties on milk production performance, fatty acid composition of milk fat, blood physiological and biochemical indexes, plasma fatty acid content, rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbial community were compared. In the experiment, five milk buffalo were selected in the middle lactation period, similar in birth order and good in health condition, and each of them was divided into 3 groups according to the variety of Mura, Nili-Lafite and three-pint mixed milk buffalo. Single trough feeding, first coarse and then refined, conventional management, free drinking water. The results showed that there was no significant difference in daily yield of standard milk between Mora, Nili Lafite and three varieties of mixed milk, and there was no significant difference between the daily yield of standard milk and the composition of conventional milk. The contents of C10: 0 in milk fat and fatty acids in plasma were significantly higher than those in Nili-Lafite (P0.05), and the CLA contents of three hybrids and Morrah were significantly higher than those of Near-Lafite (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the contents of NH _ 3-N, lactic acid and VFA in the rumen of the three varieties (P0.05). The value of acetic acid / propionic acid in the rumen of Mora and Sanpin hybrids was significantly lower than that of Niri-Lafite (P < 0. 05), and the number of protozoa in the rumen of Mora and Sanpin hybrids was higher than that of Dinari-Lafite. There was no significant difference in the number of other microorganisms in rumen (P0.05). The results showed that the milk quality of three mixed and Mora buffalo was higher than that of Nili-Lafite milk buffalo. Experiment 2: effects of flax oil on production performance, fatty acid composition of milk fat, blood physiological and biochemical indexes, serum antioxidant activity, plasma fatty acid content, rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbial community in lactation buffalo. Eighteen crossbred buffalo (Guangxi native buffalo 脳 Niri-Lafite buffalo 脳 Morrah buffalo) were randomly divided into 3 groups (one control group and two treatment groups) with 6 in each group. The control group was fed with basic diet and the experimental group was fed with 100 g / d of flax oil and 200 g / d of flax oil in the concentrate of the basal diet. The trial period was 42 days, including 14 days for prefeeding and 28 days for formal feeding. The results showed that the feed intake of buffalo significantly decreased (P0.05), and the daily yield of 4% standard milk, milk protein rate and lactose decreased (P0.05). With the increase of the amount and time of flax oil, the proportion of fatty acids under hexadecyl and less than hexadecyl in milk fat of milk buffalo decreased, and the proportion of octadecyl fatty acids increased, which had little effect on the proportion of fatty acids over octadecyl except C20: 0. The ratio of C18:2n10t and C18:2n9c in CLA and CLA was significantly increased (P0.05), and the ratio of SFA / SFA-UFA was decreased, and the proportion of UFA-MUFA and PUFA was increased. Supplementation of 100 g / d flax oil significantly increased the blood GSH-Px and decreased the MDA content in the blood of milk buffalo (P0.05), and the addition of 200g/d sesame oil significantly increased the serum HDL-AOC. The content of GSH-Px and CAT (P0.05), the content of C6: 0 and the value of SFA/UFA in plasma were decreased, and the contents of C18: 1n9cU, C18: 2n6cUFAMUFA and PUFA were increased, but there was no significant effect on the content of other fatty acids in plasma. Supplementation of flaxseed oil had no significant effect on rumen pH, NH _ 3-N and lactate concentration (P0.05), but decreased the contents of volatile fatty acids and TVFA in rumen (P0.05). The addition of 100g/d sesame oil could significantly reduce the contents of protozoa, Vibrio VA butyrate, Streptococcus aeruginosa and filamentous succinate (P0.05). Crescomonas ruminants and S. albicans increased with the increase of dietary oil (P0.05), but the addition of flaxseed oil had no significant effect on the bacteria of Vibrio fibrinolyticus, fungi and Vibrio butyrate group (P0.05). The results showed that the content of functional fatty acids, especially CLA, and the nutritional level of buffalo milk were increased by adding flax oil to diet.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S823.5
，
本文編號(hào)：2150712
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