【摘要】：以2014-2015年從我國部分省市規(guī)模化養(yǎng)殖場中分離的55株沙門菌為對象,選取臨床常用的12種抗菌藥,用微量肉湯稀釋法檢測所分離的沙門菌的耐藥性。結(jié)果顯示:測試的12種藥物中沙門菌對甲氧芐啶最敏感,耐藥率只有1.82%,除此之外對其他11種藥物的耐藥率均在50%以上,而且對其中的氨芐西林、氟苯尼考、多西環(huán)素和四環(huán)素等4大類共計(jì)7種藥物的耐藥率在80%以上;在多重耐藥性分析方面,1株沙門菌對所有藥物完全敏感,另外54株菌的藥物耐受數(shù)量在5種到11種之間,其中耐受10種藥物是所有沙門菌中最大的一類菌株,占總數(shù)的30.91%。根據(jù)菌株的耐藥特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了23對包含各類藥物主要耐藥基因的引物,用PCR法檢測相應(yīng)耐藥菌株對該耐藥基因的攜帶情況,一共檢測出了15種耐藥基因,其中檢出率最高的幾種基因分別是sul2基因(檢出率78.43%)、sul1基因(檢出率60.78%)和tet A基因(檢出率72.55%)等。此外,對于耐受喹諾酮類藥物的菌株還檢測了其耐藥決定區(qū)域基因gyrA和parC所編碼氨基酸的突變情況。測序結(jié)果表明,gyrA基因所編碼氨基酸序列的第83個(gè)位點(diǎn)和第87個(gè)位點(diǎn)發(fā)生了突變,分別由酪氨酸變成了絲氨酸或亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸,由天冬氨酸變成了天冬酰胺或酪氨酸,parC基因所編碼氨基酸序列沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)突變的情況。
[Abstract]:Taking 55 strains of Salmonella isolated from large-scale farms in some provinces and cities in China in 2014-2015, 12 kinds of antimicrobial agents commonly used in clinic were selected, and the drug resistance of the isolated Salmonella was detected by the method of broth dilution. The results showed that Salmonella was the most sensitive to trimethoprim, and the resistance rate was only 1.82%. In addition, the resistance rates to the other 11 drugs were all above 50%, and ampicillin and florfenicol were the most sensitive to trimethoprim and florfenicol. The drug resistance rate of 7 drugs in 4 major categories, such as doxycycline and tetracycline, was more than 80%. In multidrug resistance analysis, one Salmonella strain was completely sensitive to all drugs, and the other 54 strains had drug resistance of between 5 and 11. Among them, 10 drugs were the largest of all Salmonella strains, accounting for 30.91% of the total. According to the drug resistance characteristics of the strain, 23 pairs of primers containing the major drug resistance genes were designed, and the carrying status of the drug resistance genes was detected by PCR method. A total of 15 drug resistance genes were detected. The highest detection rates were sul2 gene (78.43%), sul1 gene (60.78%) and tet A gene (72.55%). In addition, the mutations of amino acids encoded by gyrA and parC were also detected for the strains resistant to quinolones. The results of sequencing showed that the 83 and 87 sites of amino acid sequence encoded by gyrA gene were mutated from tyrosine to serine or leucine, phenylalanine, respectively. From aspartic acid to asparagine or tyrosine parC gene, no mutation was found in the amino acid sequence.
【作者單位】： 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動物醫(yī)學(xué)院/農(nóng)業(yè)微生物學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室/生豬健康養(yǎng)殖協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】：公益性行業(yè)農(nóng)業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(201403054) 湖北省“科技支撐計(jì)劃”資助項(xiàng)目(2013BBB14,2014BBB10)
【分類號】：S852.61

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