發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-26 08:55

【摘要】：為解析奶牛乳腺菌群結(jié)構(gòu)特征及影響菌群結(jié)構(gòu)的可能因素,本文從呼和浩特某規(guī)�；翀�(chǎng)隨機(jī)選出9頭荷斯坦奶牛收集牛奶、糞便、飼料以及土壤樣品,利用高通量測(cè)序?qū)Ω鳂悠肪航Y(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果如下:4類樣品共檢出156個(gè)科(Family)。其中,乳樣共檢出76個(gè)科,優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為莫拉菌科、黃桿菌科、根瘤菌科和柄桿菌科,相對(duì)豐度分別占49%、15%、4%和9%;糞便樣檢共測(cè)出25個(gè)科,優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為瘤胃球菌科、理研菌科和毛螺旋菌科,相對(duì)豐度分別占46%、11%和7%;飼料樣共檢測(cè)出84個(gè)科,優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為腸桿菌科、鞘脂單胞菌科、根瘤菌科、假單胞菌科、紅桿菌科和乳桿菌科,相對(duì)豐度分別占16%、9%、8%、7%、6%和6%;土壤樣檢測(cè)出89個(gè)科,優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為類諾卡氏菌科、間包囊菌科、微球菌科、動(dòng)性球菌科、鞘脂單胞菌科,相對(duì)豐度分別占9%、7%、6%、6%和5%。4類樣品間的比較分析表明,乳樣、糞樣、飼料樣和土壤樣共享菌為15個(gè)科,相似度為11%,莫拉菌為優(yōu)勢(shì)菌;乳樣和糞樣共有菌17個(gè)科,相似度為34%,優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為莫拉菌科;乳樣和飼料樣共有菌67個(gè)科,相似度為84%,優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為莫拉菌科;乳樣和土壤樣共有菌68個(gè)科,相似度為82%,優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為莫拉菌科。樣品間相似度結(jié)果表明,乳樣和飼料樣的菌種最高,說明乳房菌群組成與飼料樣菌群關(guān)系密切,提示飼料樣的菌群組成可能影響奶牛乳腺菌群組成,這為奶牛乳房炎的預(yù)防工作提供了可參考的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In order to analyze the structural characteristics of mammary gland flora of dairy cows and the possible factors affecting the structure of the flora, 9 Holstein cows were randomly selected from a large scale pasture in Hohhot to collect milk, feces, feed and soil samples. The microflora structure of each sample was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results were as follows: 156 families of (Family). Were detected in the following four types of samples Among them, 76 families were detected in milk samples, and the dominant bacteria were Moralidae, xanthobacteriaceae, rhizobiaceae and stigionidae, with relative abundance of 4915.4% and 9.00%, respectively, and 25 families of fecal samples were detected, and the dominant bacteria were Rumen Staphylococcus. The relative abundance of Rhizobiaceae and Helicaceae accounted for 46% and 7% respectively, 84 families were detected in feed samples, the dominant bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, sphingomonas, Rhizobiaceae, Pseudomonas, Erythrobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus, and the main bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, sphingomonas, Rhizobiaceae, Pseudomonas, Erythrobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus. The relative abundance accounted for 76% and 6%, respectively, and 89 families were detected in soil samples. The dominant bacteria were Nocardiaceae, Mesocystis, Micrococcus, Acinetococcus, Vannomonas, and the relative abundance accounted for 97.66% and 5.4% of the samples, respectively. Milk samples, feces samples, feed samples and soil samples had 15 families, with similarity of 11 and Mora bacteria as the dominant bacteria; milk and fecal samples had 17 families with the similarity of 34 and the dominant bacteria were Moralidae; milk samples and feed samples had 67 families of bacteria. The similarity is 84, the dominant bacteria is Moralidae, milk sample and soil sample belong to 68 families, the similarity is 82, and the dominant bacteria is Moralidae. The results of similarity between samples showed that milk sample and feed sample had the highest species, which indicated that the composition of mammary microflora was closely related to that of forage-like bacteria, which suggested that the composition of feed sample might affect the composition of milk cow mammary flora. This provides a theoretical basis for the prevention of mastitis in dairy cows.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S823

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