【摘要】：開(kāi)發(fā)和合理利用蛋白質(zhì)資源已經(jīng)成為制約我國(guó)畜牧業(yè)繼續(xù)發(fā)展的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。在蛋白質(zhì)資源中,我國(guó)的棉籽粕有很高的產(chǎn)量,但絕大部分直接作為肥料,造成大量浪費(fèi)。因此,合理的開(kāi)發(fā)利用棉粕對(duì)于緩解我國(guó)的蛋白質(zhì)資源短缺有很大意義。本試驗(yàn)共采集了新疆、山東、湖北、河北等地的26種棉粕樣品。首先對(duì)棉粕樣品進(jìn)行烘干,然后按照國(guó)標(biāo)法測(cè)定棉粕的各常規(guī)物理化學(xué)指標(biāo)。本研究可分為兩個(gè)試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)—用排空-強(qiáng)飼法對(duì)健康的成年海蘭褐蛋公雞進(jìn)行26種棉粕的代謝試驗(yàn),采用48h饑餓-強(qiáng)飼-48h收糞,研究棉粕的代謝能和有效氨基酸的實(shí)測(cè)值。試驗(yàn)二為體外消化試驗(yàn),選用兩步酶法(胃蛋白酶-胰酶)來(lái)測(cè)定棉粕的體外消化率。試驗(yàn)分別研究了棉粕的過(guò)濾方式(透析、不透析)、胃蛋白酶的最適濃度及最適時(shí)間、胰酶的最適濃度及最適時(shí)間、緩沖液的最適pH值,建立了一套棉粕體外消化試驗(yàn)的優(yōu)化條件。棉粕體外干物質(zhì)消化率與棉粕理化指標(biāo)建立乘積關(guān)系,作為棉粕消化的理論值。本研究將棉粕成分的理論值與該成分的實(shí)測(cè)值使用SAS分析軟件建立關(guān)系,嘗試建立代謝能與有效氨基酸的預(yù)測(cè)模型。在預(yù)測(cè)棉粕氨基酸的有效氨基酸時(shí),每100g棉粕樣品中的每種氨基酸的有效氨基酸測(cè)定值(y)與理論消化值(x)之間的線性回歸關(guān)系方程為：有效天冬氨酸y=1.5965x+0.2450,R2=0.7444,P0.0001有效蘇氨酸y=1.5641x+0.0878,R2=0.7069,P0.0001有效絲氨酸y=1.6708x+0.0314,R2=0.7762,P0.0001有效谷氨酸y=1.5713x+0.8140,R2=0.7667,P0.0001有效甘氨酸y=1.6093x-0.1395,R2=0.6786,P0.0001有效丙氨酸y=1.6461x-0.0048,R2=0.7358,P0.0001有效半胱氨酸y=1.4754x+0.0494,R2=0.7476,P0.0001有效纈氨酸y=1.5906x+0.0580,R2=0.7303,P0.0001有效蛋氨酸y=1.6197x-0.0017,R2=0.6861,P0.0001有效異亮氨酸y=1.6195x+0.0049,R2=0.7351,P0.0001有效亮氨酸y=1.6686x+0.0066,R2=0.7605,P0.0001有效酪氨酸y=1.6472x+0.0070,R2=0.7375,P0.0001有效組氨酸y=1.7185x+0.1451,R2=0.7590,P0.0001有效苯丙氨酸y=1.4997x+0.1743,R2=0.7352,P0.0001有效賴(lài)氨酸y=1.6729x-0.1165,R2=0.7545,P0.0001有效精氨酸y=1.7185x+0.1451,R2=0.7590,P0.0001有效脯氨酸y=2.2844x-0.4718,R2=0.8864,P0.0001其中,x=每克棉粕樣品中某種氨基酸的含量(g)×棉粕體外干物質(zhì)消化率(%)。在預(yù)測(cè)棉粕代謝能時(shí),通過(guò)常規(guī)成分與棉粕代謝能之間建立關(guān)系,可以得到如下回歸方程：表觀代謝能=13.31.0.33CF%-0.19ADF%+0.13NDF%(R2=0.4965；P=0.0046)；真代謝能=15.10-0.31CF%-0.19ADF%+0.12NDF%(R2=0.4923；P=0.0050)
[Abstract]:The development and rational utilization of protein resources has become the urgent matter of restricting the continued development of animal husbandry in China. In protein resources, cottonseed meal in China has a high yield, but most of it is directly used as fertilizer, resulting in a large amount of waste. Therefore, the reasonable development and utilization of cottonseed meal is of great significance to alleviate the shortage of protein resources in China. A total of 26 cotton meal samples were collected from Xinjiang, Shandong, Hubei and Hebei provinces. The samples of cottonseed meal were dried first, and then the conventional physicochemical indexes of cottonseed meal were determined according to the national standard method. This study can be divided into two experiments. The metabolism of 26 kinds of cottonseed meal in healthy adult Hailan brown egg cock was studied by the method of emptying and strong forage. The metabolizable energy and effective amino acid of cotton meal were measured by 48h starvation and strong feeding for 48 h. Two-step enzymatic method (pepsin-trypsin) was used to determine the in vitro digestibility of cottonseed meal. The optimum concentration and time of pepsin, the optimum concentration and time of trypsin, the optimum pH value of buffer solution, the filtration method of cottonseed meal (dialysis, non-dialysis), the optimum concentration and time of pepsin, the optimum concentration and time of trypsin, the optimum pH value of buffer were studied respectively. A set of optimal conditions for cotton meal digestion in vitro was established. The in vitro dry matter digestibility of cottonseed meal and the physicochemical index of cotton meal were established as the theoretical value of cotton meal digestion. In this study, the relationship between the theoretical value of cottonseed meal component and the measured value of the component was established by using SAS software, and the prediction model of metabolizable energy and effective amino acid was established. In predicting the available amino acids of cottonseed meal, The linear regression equation between the available amino acids per 100g cotton meal sample and the theoretical digestibility (x) is as follows: available aspartic acid yr 1.5965x 0.2450m R2O0.7444N P0.0001 available threonine yr 1.5641x 0.0878U R20.7069P0.0001 effective serine YT 1.6708x 0.0314r2n 0.7762P0.0001 available glutamic acid Y=1.5713x 0.8140,R2=0.7667,P0.0001鏈夋晥鐢樻皚閰竬=1.6093x-0.1395,R2=0.6786,P0.0001鏈夋晥涓欐皚閰竬=1.6461x-0.0048,R2=0.7358,P0.0001鏈夋晥鍗婅儽姘ㄩ吀y=1.4754x 0.0494,R2=0.7476,P0.0001鏈夋晥緙皚閰竬=1.5906x 0.0580,R2=0.7303,P0.0001鏈夋晥铔嬫皚閰竬=1.6197x-0.0017,R2=0.6861,P0.0001鏈夋晥寮備寒姘ㄩ吀y=1.6195x 0.0049,R2=0.7351,P0.0001鏈夋晥浜皚閰竬=1.6686x 0.0066,R2=0.7605,P0.0001鏈夋晥閰皚閰竬=1.6472x 0.0070,R2=0.7375,P0.0001鏈夋晥緇勬皚閰竬=1.7185x 0.1451,R2=0.7590,P0.0001鏈夋晥鑻笝姘ㄩ吀 Yr 1.4997x 0.17497x 0.1743C R2N 0.7352n P 0.0001 effective lysine yr 1.6729x-0.1165N R2O0.7545N P 0.0001 effective arginine yttrium 1.7185x 0.1451R2O0.7590P0.0001 proline y2.2844x-0.4718r20.4718r20.8864kP0.0001 where the content of certain amino acid in the sample of each gram of cottonseed meal is (g) 脳 dry matter digestibility of cottonseed meal in vitro (%). In predicting the metabolic energy of cottonseed meal, the following regression equations can be obtained by establishing the relationship between the conventional composition and the metabolizable energy of cottonseed meal: apparent metabolic energy 13.31.0.33 CF+ -0.19ADF% 0.13NDF% (R2O0.4965P0. 0046), true metabolizable energy 15.10-0.31CF-0.19ADF% 0.12NDF% (R2O0.4923P0.0050), and EME 15.10-0.31CF-0.19ADF% 0.12NDF% (R2O0.4923P0.0050).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S816

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