【摘要】：乙酰丙嗪具有中度鎮(zhèn)靜作用,能減少動(dòng)物的自主活動(dòng),具有抗驚厥、止吐等作用,能預(yù)防麻醉過(guò)程中動(dòng)物出現(xiàn)心律失常,但此藥沒(méi)有明顯的鎮(zhèn)痛及肌松作用。對(duì)于過(guò)度興奮或具有攻擊性犬乙酰丙嗪并不是最優(yōu)選擇。賽拉嗓具有深度的鎮(zhèn)靜及鎮(zhèn)痛作用,可用于興奮且具有攻擊性犬,其作用具有可逆性,可被α2-腎上腺素受體頡頏劑頡頏。但該藥會(huì)對(duì)心血管系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生抑制,誘使動(dòng)物產(chǎn)生心律失常,肌注后易引起犬、貓嘔吐。肌注賽拉嗪通常在15 min內(nèi)出現(xiàn)最大效應(yīng),而乙酰丙嗪皮下或肌肉注射以后最大效應(yīng)在30~60 min出現(xiàn)。本試驗(yàn)評(píng)價(jià)了不同劑量乙酰丙嗪、賽拉嗪與乙酰丙漆合用后對(duì)犬鎮(zhèn)靜效果、心血管系統(tǒng)及呼吸系統(tǒng)等的影響。本試驗(yàn)將乙酰丙嗪按照0.05 mg · kg-1體重(A1)、0.1 mg · kg-1體重(A2)、0.2 mg.kg-1體重(A3)體重三組不同劑量對(duì)犬進(jìn)行肌肉注射給藥,分別在用藥前、用藥后30、60、90、120、150及180 min對(duì)犬鎮(zhèn)靜效果進(jìn)行評(píng)分,監(jiān)測(cè)犬各項(xiàng)生理參數(shù),包括心率(HR)、呼吸率(RR)、平均動(dòng)脈壓(MAP)、直腸溫度(RT)。結(jié)果表明,A1組對(duì)犬心率影響不明顯,A2和A3組心率呈現(xiàn)先降低后升高的趨勢(shì)。三組均可降低呼吸頻率、體溫及MAP,其劑量越大則降低越明顯,A3組中有5只犬在60 min時(shí)MAP低于60mmHg(P0.05)。三組最大鎮(zhèn)靜效應(yīng)不存在明顯差異(P0.05),均出現(xiàn)在用藥后30min,但隨著劑量的增加,鎮(zhèn)靜作用持續(xù)時(shí)間明顯延長(zhǎng)(P0.05)。賽拉嗪與乙酰丙嗪是獸醫(yī)臨床上小動(dòng)物常用的鎮(zhèn)靜劑。另一試驗(yàn)將兩者組合應(yīng)用,監(jiān)測(cè)其鎮(zhèn)靜效果以及對(duì)心率、呼吸及體溫的影響,并與單獨(dú)使用兩藥進(jìn)行比較,評(píng)價(jià)三者之間的差異。將乙酰丙嗪0.05 mg · kg-1體重(A)、賽拉嗪0.5 mg · kg-1體重+乙酰丙嗪0.05 mg · kg-1體重(AX)、賽拉嗪0.5 mg · kg-1體重(X)體重分別對(duì)犬進(jìn)行肌肉注射,監(jiān)測(cè)犬用藥前和用藥后15、30、60、90、120、150及180 min時(shí)的基本生理參數(shù),包括心率(HR)、呼吸率(RR)、直腸溫度(RT),并對(duì)犬鎮(zhèn)靜效果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明,AX組比A組及X組鎮(zhèn)靜作用更強(qiáng)(P0.05),平均起效時(shí)間比A組短(P0.05),鎮(zhèn)靜作用持續(xù)時(shí)間比X組長(zhǎng)且副作用較少(P0.05)。結(jié)果提示,高劑量的乙酰丙嗪并未增大對(duì)犬的鎮(zhèn)靜作用,但延長(zhǎng)了鎮(zhèn)靜時(shí)間,也增加了犬心血管和呼吸系統(tǒng)的抑制作用。將賽拉嗪與乙酰丙嗪合用,可產(chǎn)生更快更高質(zhì)量的鎮(zhèn)靜效果,產(chǎn)生了比單獨(dú)使用兩藥時(shí)更強(qiáng)的鎮(zhèn)靜效果,減少了賽拉嗪誘發(fā)心率失常的副作用。
[Abstract]:Acepromazine has moderate sedative effect, can reduce the autonomous activity of animals, has anticonvulsant and antiemetic effects, and can prevent arrhythmia during anaesthesia, but this drug has no obvious analgesic and muscle relaxant effects. Acetopromazine is not the best choice for overexcited or aggressive dogs. Sera throat has deep sedative and analgesic effects, which can be used for exciting and aggressive dogs. Its effect is reversible and can be antagonized by 偽 2-adrenoceptor antagonist. But the drug inhibits the cardiovascular system, induces arrhythmias in animals and causes vomiting in dogs and cats. The maximum effect was observed within 15 min after intramuscular injection of ceprazine, while the maximum effect occurred at 30 ~ 60 min after subcutaneous or intramuscular injection of acetpromazine. The effects of different doses of acetpromazine, ceprazine and acetyl propyl paint on the sedation, cardiovascular system and respiratory system of dogs were evaluated. Three different doses of acetpromazine were injected intramuscularly according to 0. 05 mg kg-1 body weight (A1) and 0. 1 mg kg-1 body weight (A2) 0.2 mg.kg-1 body weight (A3). The sedative effects of the three groups were evaluated before and after treatment with 3060,90120150 and 180 min, respectively. Monitoring of physiological parameters, including heart rate, (HR), respiration rate, (RR), mean arterial pressure, (MAP), rectal temperature (RT). The results showed that the heart rate of group A _ 2 and A _ 3 decreased first and then increased. The respiratory frequency, body temperature and MAPP were decreased in all three groups. The higher the dose, the lower the MAP of 5 dogs in A3 group was lower than that of 60mmHg at 60 min (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the maximum sedation effect among the three groups (P0.05). All of them appeared 30 minutes after treatment, but with the increase of dosage, the duration of sedation was significantly prolonged (P0.05). Ceprazine and Acepromazine are commonly used sedatives for small animals in veterinary clinic. In another experiment, the sedation effect and the effects on heart rate, respiration and body temperature were monitored and compared with the two drugs alone to evaluate the differences between the two drugs. Acetopromazine (0. 5mg kg-1) was injected intramuscularly into dogs with (A), (kg-1) 0. 5 mg (kg-1), (AX), (kg-1) 0. 5 mg body weight (X). The basic physiological parameters including heart rate (HR),) respiration rate (RR),) rectal temperature (RT),) before and after treatment were monitored and the sedative effect of dogs was evaluated. The results showed that the sedative effect of AX group was stronger than that of group A and X group (P0.05), the average onset time of AX group was shorter than that of group A (P0.05), the duration of sedative effect was longer than that of X group and the side effect was less (P0.05). The results showed that high dose of acetpromazine did not increase the sedative effect, but prolonged the sedative time and increased the inhibition of cardiovascular and respiratory system. The combination of ceprazine and acetpromazine can produce faster and higher quality sedative effect, which has stronger sedative effect than using two drugs alone, and can reduce the side effect of cardiac arrhythmia induced by cyperazine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S859.79

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本文編號(hào)：2140547