甘南藏區(qū)農牧民合作社發(fā)展研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-23 09:47
【摘要】：發(fā)展農民合作社是創(chuàng)新農業(yè)生產經營組織的重要途徑,也是發(fā)展現代農業(yè)、進一步增強農村發(fā)展活力的必然要求。2013年國家中央一號文件強調農民合作社是帶動農戶進入市場的基本主體,是發(fā)展農村集體經濟的新型實體,也是創(chuàng)新農村社會管理的有效載體。隨著國家對“三農”問題的重視,農民合作社作為一種互助性經濟組織,在農村中發(fā)揮的作用已不僅僅局限于經濟領域,還在農村的政治、文化、社會等各個領域扮演著重要角色。發(fā)展農民合作社對于建立和完善與生產力相適應的現代農業(yè)經營制度具有重要意義。自2004年開始,中央連續(xù)出臺10個“一號文件”,明確提出一系列支持農民合作社發(fā)展的政策措施,也使得扶持合作社發(fā)展成為共識。農民合作社作為解決“三農”問題的切入點,自2007年《中華人民共和國農民專業(yè)合作社法》實施以來在全國范圍內得到了迅速推行和發(fā)展。甘南藏區(qū)的農牧民合作社是在生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化的倒逼、相對匱乏的物質生活資料、傳統(tǒng)農耕文化的影響以及欠發(fā)達地區(qū)的政策導向下成長起來的。目前已經形成其獨特的產業(yè)特征和發(fā)展模式,示范社的建設也穩(wěn)中有增。隨著農民合作社從橫向合作向縱向合作深化,其功能也從單一功能向多種功能拓展,對于應對市場失靈、政府失靈和創(chuàng)新農村社會管理具有重要意義。從帕森斯的結構功能主義AGIL模型出發(fā),將甘南藏區(qū)農牧民合作社在經濟、政治、社會、文化方面的功能與其適應、目標達成、整合、維模功能模塊相對應進行分析。研究表明,甘南藏區(qū)農牧民合作社在經濟方面發(fā)揮著防范市場風險,整合要素資源、實現外部規(guī)模經營,轉變農牧業(yè)生產經營方式的適應功能;在政治上帶動農牧民政治參與、有效應對政府失靈,滿足農牧民利益訴求、促進農牧民權益保障,實現了目標達成功能;在社會共同體系統(tǒng)中起到了創(chuàng)新農村社會管理、重構鄉(xiāng)村社會秩序,減輕弱勢群體的邊緣化程度的整合功能;在文化模式托管系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮著促進草場保護、提高農牧民生態(tài)環(huán)境保護意識,傳承民族文化、促進鄉(xiāng)風文明建設的潛在模式維系功能。但仍然存在政府角色定位不明確、合作社發(fā)展異化、公共產品供給不足、利益分化明顯、鄉(xiāng)村社會信任缺失等功能障礙,這就需要處理好政府與農民合作社以及農民之間的關系,實現國家與鄉(xiāng)村社會發(fā)展的利益整合。
[Abstract]:The development of peasant cooperatives is an important way to innovate agricultural production and management organizations, and also to develop modern agriculture. The first document of the State Central Committee in 2013 emphasized that farmers' cooperatives are the basic main body that drives farmers to enter the market and a new type of entity for the development of the rural collective economy. It is also an effective carrier for innovating rural social management. With the state's attention to the issue of "agriculture, countryside and farmers", as a mutual economic organization, farmers' cooperatives play a role not only in the economic field, but also in the politics and culture of the countryside. Society and other fields play an important role. The development of peasant cooperatives is of great significance to the establishment and improvement of modern agricultural management system adapted to productive forces. Since 2004, the Central Committee has issued 10 "No. 1 documents" in succession, which clearly put forward a series of policies and measures to support the development of farmers' cooperatives, which also make it a common understanding to support the development of cooperatives. As a starting point to solve the problem of "three rural areas", farmers' cooperatives have been carried out and developed rapidly in the whole country since the implementation of the Law of the people's Republic of China on Farmers' specialized Cooperatives in 2007. The farmers and herdsmen cooperatives in Gannan Tibetan area grew up under the influence of the deterioration of the ecological environment, the relative lack of material means of livelihood, the influence of traditional farming culture and the policy guidance of the less developed areas. At present, its unique industrial characteristics and development model have been formed, and the construction of demonstration cooperatives has also increased steadily. With the deepening of peasant cooperative from horizontal cooperation to vertical cooperation, its function is expanded from a single function to a variety of functions. It is of great significance to deal with market failure, government failure and innovation of rural social management. Based on Parsons' structural functionalism AGIL model, this paper analyzes the economic, political, social and cultural functions of farmers and herdsmen cooperatives in Gannan Tibetan region and their adaptation, goal achievement, integration and functional modules. The study shows that agricultural and herdsman cooperatives in Gannan Tibetan region play an adaptive role in preventing market risks, integrating factor resources, realizing external scale management, changing agricultural and animal husbandry production and management mode, and promoting farmers and herdsmen's political participation in politics. Effectively deal with the failure of the government, meet the interests of farmers and herdsmen, promote the rights and interests of farmers and herdsmen, achieve the function of achieving goals; in the social community system, it has played an innovative role in rural social management, reconstruction of rural social order, The integration function of reducing the marginalization of the vulnerable groups plays a role in promoting grassland protection, raising the ecological environmental protection consciousness of farmers and herdsmen, inheriting national culture and promoting the construction of rural civilization in the cultural model trust system. However, there are still some functional obstacles, such as unclear positioning of government role, alienation of cooperative development, insufficient supply of public goods, obvious differentiation of interests, lack of trust in rural society, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with the relationship between the government and the farmers' co-operatives, and to realize the integration of the interests of the country and the rural society.
【學位授予單位】：甘肅農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.42;F326.3
本文編號：2139011
[Abstract]:The development of peasant cooperatives is an important way to innovate agricultural production and management organizations, and also to develop modern agriculture. The first document of the State Central Committee in 2013 emphasized that farmers' cooperatives are the basic main body that drives farmers to enter the market and a new type of entity for the development of the rural collective economy. It is also an effective carrier for innovating rural social management. With the state's attention to the issue of "agriculture, countryside and farmers", as a mutual economic organization, farmers' cooperatives play a role not only in the economic field, but also in the politics and culture of the countryside. Society and other fields play an important role. The development of peasant cooperatives is of great significance to the establishment and improvement of modern agricultural management system adapted to productive forces. Since 2004, the Central Committee has issued 10 "No. 1 documents" in succession, which clearly put forward a series of policies and measures to support the development of farmers' cooperatives, which also make it a common understanding to support the development of cooperatives. As a starting point to solve the problem of "three rural areas", farmers' cooperatives have been carried out and developed rapidly in the whole country since the implementation of the Law of the people's Republic of China on Farmers' specialized Cooperatives in 2007. The farmers and herdsmen cooperatives in Gannan Tibetan area grew up under the influence of the deterioration of the ecological environment, the relative lack of material means of livelihood, the influence of traditional farming culture and the policy guidance of the less developed areas. At present, its unique industrial characteristics and development model have been formed, and the construction of demonstration cooperatives has also increased steadily. With the deepening of peasant cooperative from horizontal cooperation to vertical cooperation, its function is expanded from a single function to a variety of functions. It is of great significance to deal with market failure, government failure and innovation of rural social management. Based on Parsons' structural functionalism AGIL model, this paper analyzes the economic, political, social and cultural functions of farmers and herdsmen cooperatives in Gannan Tibetan region and their adaptation, goal achievement, integration and functional modules. The study shows that agricultural and herdsman cooperatives in Gannan Tibetan region play an adaptive role in preventing market risks, integrating factor resources, realizing external scale management, changing agricultural and animal husbandry production and management mode, and promoting farmers and herdsmen's political participation in politics. Effectively deal with the failure of the government, meet the interests of farmers and herdsmen, promote the rights and interests of farmers and herdsmen, achieve the function of achieving goals; in the social community system, it has played an innovative role in rural social management, reconstruction of rural social order, The integration function of reducing the marginalization of the vulnerable groups plays a role in promoting grassland protection, raising the ecological environmental protection consciousness of farmers and herdsmen, inheriting national culture and promoting the construction of rural civilization in the cultural model trust system. However, there are still some functional obstacles, such as unclear positioning of government role, alienation of cooperative development, insufficient supply of public goods, obvious differentiation of interests, lack of trust in rural society, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with the relationship between the government and the farmers' co-operatives, and to realize the integration of the interests of the country and the rural society.
【學位授予單位】：甘肅農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F321.42;F326.3
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，本文編號：2139011
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