【摘要】：本研究選用荷斯坦奶牛為試驗動物,通過檢測分析胎次和泌乳階段對奶牛血液中乳成分前體物和相關激素的影響及奶牛產(chǎn)奶性能及乳成分與血液中乳成分前體物及相關激素的關聯(lián)分析,旨在為乳成分合成調(diào)控機制的研究,奶牛營養(yǎng)狀況的科學評價和奶牛日糧的合理配制提供理論依據(jù)。內(nèi)容一:旨在研究胎次和泌乳階段對荷斯坦奶牛血液中乳成分前體物及泌乳相關激素的影響。(方法)選取不同泌乳階段的1-4胎奶牛60頭飼喂相同TMR日糧,每隔15天采集血液。血液檢測參數(shù)有血清葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)、非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)、β-羥丁酸(BHBA)、總氨基酸(T-AA)5種乳成分合成前體物MCP及甲狀腺素(T4)、生長激素(GH)、皮質(zhì)醇(COR)、胰島素(INS)、催乳素(PRL)、孕酮(PRG)6種激素。利用PROC UNIVERIATE進行正態(tài)分布檢驗,利用PROC MIXED線性模型評估胎次、泌乳階段的固定效應。(結果)結果表明,胎次可顯著影響泌乳奶牛血液中INS及PRL含量(P0.01),而對COR、GH、PRG、T4及5個乳成分前體物MCP含量無顯著影響(P0.05);血液中GLU濃度隨著泌乳階段逐漸遞增,且泌乳早期GLU濃度顯著低于其他泌乳階段(P0.05),而泌乳早期BHBA和NEFA的濃度顯著高于泌乳高峰期及中后期(P0.05),同時T-AA濃度在泌乳中期(101-200d)顯著升高(P0.05);泌乳階段對奶牛血液中COR、GH、PRG、T4和INS含量均有顯著的影響(P0.01或P0.05),但對PRL無顯著影響(P0.05),其中泌乳前期COR的濃度顯著高于泌乳中后期(P0.01),而GH、PRG和T4均在泌乳后期顯著升高(P0.01)。(結論)不同胎次和泌乳階段的荷斯坦奶牛血液乳成分前體物及相關激素含量存在差異。研究成果將提高利用生化檢測指標評估泌乳荷斯坦奶牛代謝狀態(tài)的準確性,可以作為奶牛養(yǎng)殖者監(jiān)測奶牛健康狀態(tài)的工具。內(nèi)容二:旨在研究奶牛產(chǎn)奶性能及乳成分與血液中乳成分前體物及相關激素的變化規(guī)律和關聯(lián)性。(方法)選用試驗一的2-4胎荷斯坦奶牛37頭。采集奶樣后及時送到DHI檢測中心檢測常規(guī)乳成分。采用SAS9.2中PROC CORR過程,對乳成分及血液中乳成分前體物及相關激素指標間進行典型相關性分析。(結果)乳蛋白率和血液中T-AA呈現(xiàn)顯著的正相關(P=0.0081),乳脂率和NEFA、BHBA之間的呈現(xiàn)顯著的正相關(P0.0001)乳糖率和GLU之間的無顯著性關系(P=0.1150);GH與乳產(chǎn)量、乳脂率之間呈極顯著負相關(P0.0001),GH與乳蛋白率呈極顯著正相關(P0.0001),相關系數(shù)R=0.6194。GH與乳糖率無顯著相關性(P=0.7317)。GH與乳脂前體物NEFA、BHBA之間呈極顯著負相關(P0.0001),GH與乳糖前體物GLU之間呈顯著正相關(P0.0001)。COR與乳產(chǎn)量、乳脂率之間呈極顯著正相關(P0.0001),COR與乳蛋白率呈極顯著負相關(P0.0001),COR與乳脂前體物NEFA、BHBA之間呈極顯著正相關(P0.0001),COR與乳糖前體物GLU之間呈顯著負相關(P0.0001),T4與乳脂肪率之間呈極顯著正相關(P=0.0070);與BHBA、NEFA之間極顯著負相關相關(P0.0001),(結論)通過對乳成分、血液中的乳成分前體物及相關激素相關性分析發(fā)現(xiàn),乳成分前體物對乳的合成影響存在互作關系,即任何一種乳成分前體物變化不但會對對應的乳成分產(chǎn)生影響,而且也會影響其它乳成分的合成,一種乳成分的合成需要多種激素的共同調(diào)控。
[Abstract]:In this study, Holstein cows were selected as experimental animals, and the relationship between milk composition precursors and related hormones in the blood of dairy cows and the relationship between milk composition and milk composition precursor and related hormones in the blood of dairy cows were analyzed and analyzed. The aim of this study was to study the regulation mechanism of milk composition synthesis, and the nutrition of dairy cows. The scientific evaluation of the situation and the rational preparation of dairy cows provided a theoretical basis. Content 1: the purpose of the study was to study the effects of the birth and lactation stages on the milk composition precursors and lactation related hormones in the blood of Holstein cows. (Methods) 60 cows fed the same TMR diet at different lactation stages were fed with the same TMR diet every 15 days. The parameters include serum glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), non esterified fatty acid (NEFA), beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), and total amino acid (T-AA) 5 kinds of milk ingredients, MCP and thyroxine (T4), growth hormone (GH), cortisol (COR), insulin (INS), prolactin (PRL), and progesterone (PRG) 6 hormones. C MIXED linear model was used to evaluate the fixed effect of the birth and lactation stage. (results) the results showed that the number of INS and PRL in the blood of lactating dairy cows (P0.01) was significantly affected by the parity, while COR, GH, PRG, T4 and the MCP content of 5 dairy precursors were not significantly affected (P0.05), and the concentration of GLU in the blood gradually increased with the lactation stage, and the concentration in the early lactation stage was significant. The concentration of BHBA and NEFA in early lactation was significantly higher than that in the peak period and the middle and late period of lactation (P0.05), while the concentration of T-AA increased significantly (P0.05) in the middle period of lactation (P0.05), and the lactation stage had significant influence on COR, GH, PRG, T4 and INS content in the blood of dairy cows. 5), the concentration of COR in prolactation was significantly higher than that in late lactation (P0.01), while GH, PRG and T4 were significantly increased in late lactation (P0.01). (conclusion) there was a difference in the content of blood milk components and related hormones in Holstein cows at different parity and lactation stages. The results will improve the evaluation of lactating Holstein using biochemical markers. The accuracy of metabolic state of dairy cows can be used as a tool for dairy cattle to monitor the health of dairy cows. Content two: the aim of this study is to study the changes in milk performance and milk ingredients and the related hormones in the milk components and related hormones in the blood. (Methods) select 37 cows of 2-4 Holstein cows in test one. After collecting milk samples, they are sent to DH in time. The I test center was used to detect the routine milk composition. Using the PROC CORR process in SAS9.2, the milk composition and the milk composition precursor and the related hormone indexes were analyzed. (results) the milk protein rate and the blood T-AA showed significant positive correlation (P=0.0081), the milk fat rate and the NEFA, BHBA showed a significant positive correlation (P0.0001) milk. There was a significant negative correlation between sugar rate and GLU (P=0.1150); GH had a very significant negative correlation with milk yield and milk fat rate (P0.0001), GH had a very significant positive correlation with milk protein rate (P0.0001), and the correlation coefficient R=0.6194.GH had no significant correlation with lactose rate (P=0.7317).GH and NEFA, BHBA between milk fat precursors (P0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation between GLU and milk yield, milk yield and milk fat rate (P0.0001), COR was significantly negatively correlated with milk protein rate (P0.0001), COR and milk fat precursor NEFA, BHBA showed significant positive correlation (P0.0001), COR was negatively correlated with lactose precursor GLU (P0.0001), and milk fat was significantly correlated with milk fat. There is a very significant positive correlation between the rates (P=0.0070) and a significant negative correlation with BHBA and NEFA (P0.0001). (conclusion) through the correlation analysis of milk ingredients, milk ingredients precursors and related hormones in the blood, it is found that there is an interaction relationship between milk composition precursors and milk composition. The composition of milk should be affected, and the composition of other milk components will also be affected. The synthesis of a milk component requires the co regulation of multiple hormones.
【學位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823

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本文編號：2132205