【摘要】：二氧化碳(CO2)和甲烷(CH4)是兩種最重要的溫室氣體,二者在空氣中濃度的增加會加快全球氣候變暖的進程。為了研究荒漠草原放牧生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中溫室氣體的交換特征,本實驗于2013年6月至2013年10月在希拉穆仁草原對不同放牧方式下(牛單牧,CG；羊單牧,SG；牛、羊混合放牧,MG；無牧,CK)土壤中兩種溫室氣體的交換展開了研究。試驗中我們采取靜態(tài)箱進行野外氣體的收集,室內(nèi)我們利用國際上較為流行的靜態(tài)箱-氣象色譜法G1301野外痕量氣體速測儀分析CO2和CH4濃度。其研究結(jié)果如下：1.放牧沒有改變草原土壤中溫室氣體的交換方向以及季節(jié)變化形式,荒漠草原是CO2的源,是CH4弱的匯,但總體上C素是輸出的。2.三種放牧方式中MG釋放的CO2量(256.66 mg.m-2·h-1)比CG(351.18 mg·m-2·-1)、SG(315.38 mg·m-2·h-1)和CK(369.95 mg·m-2·h-1)少,分別少排放26.91%、18.62%和44.14%:同時,MG吸收的CH4(-0.133 mg·m-2·h-1)比CG(-0.112 mg·m-2·h-1)、 SG(-0.116mg·m-2·h-1)和CK(-0.110 mg·m-2·h-1)多,分別多吸收了18.75%、14.66%和17.29%。3.CO2排放量與表層(0-10cm)土壤溫度(R2=0.540,P0.01)和含水率(R2=0.523,P0.01)存在極顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系；CH4通量表層土壤含水率(R2=0.532,P0.01)存在極顯著的負相關(guān)關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Carbon dioxide (CO _ 2) and methane (Ch _ 4) are two of the most important greenhouse gases, the increase of their concentration in the air will accelerate the process of global warming. In order to study the characteristics of greenhouse gas exchange in grazing ecosystem of desert steppe, the experiment was conducted from June 2013 to October 2013 in Xilamuren steppe under different grazing conditions (cattle single grazing CG; sheep single grazing SGG; cattle, sheep mixed grazing MG; The exchange of two greenhouse gases in soil was studied. In the experiment, we used static box to collect gas in the field, and in the room we analyzed the concentration of CO _ 2 and Ch _ 4 by using G1301 gas speedometer, which is popular in the world. The results are as follows: 1. Grazing did not change the exchange direction and seasonal variation of greenhouse gases in steppe soil. The desert steppe was the source of CO2 and the weak sink of Ch _ 4, but the total C element was the output of .2.The desert steppe was the source of CO _ 2 and the weak sink of Ch _ 4. The amount of CO 2 released by MG (256.66 mg.m-2 h-1) was lower than that of CG (351.18 mg m-2 h-1) and CK (369.95 mg m-2 h-1), and the emission of MG was 26.91% and 44.14%, respectively. Meanwhile, MG absorbed more CH4 (-0.133mg m-2 h-1), SG (-0.116mg m-2 h-1) and CK (-0.110mg m-2 h-1) than CG (-0.112mg m-2 h-1), and CK (-0.110mg m-2 h-1). There was a very significant negative correlation between soil temperature (R _ 2N _ (0.540) P _ (0.01) and water content (R _ (2) N _ (0.523) P _ (0.01). There was a very significant negative correlation between soil moisture content (R _ (2N) _ (0.532N) P _ (0.01) and surface soil water content (R _ (2) N _ (0.532N) P _ (0.01).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S812

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