本文選題：育肥豬 + 花生秧粉��； 參考：《河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向規(guī)�；⒓s化發(fā)展,對(duì)飼料的需求量在不斷增加,因此飼料用糧勢(shì)必增加,因而造成了形勢(shì)十分嚴(yán)峻的人畜爭(zhēng)糧現(xiàn)象;另外這種集約化養(yǎng)殖方式造成了疾病的暴發(fā)與流行,而目前主要的控制手段是大量使用抗生素等獸藥,造成了嚴(yán)重的藥物殘留,不但影響人類健康,導(dǎo)致細(xì)菌耐藥性增加,還對(duì)環(huán)境造成危害,為此,對(duì)畜產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)提出更高要求。因此,健康節(jié)糧養(yǎng)殖方式的開(kāi)發(fā)成為我國(guó)畜牧業(yè)亟待解決的主要問(wèn)題。本研究的主要目的是利用飼用微生物發(fā)酵花生秧粉,提高花生秧粉的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值,從而降低糧食用量,并考察該粗飼料對(duì)育肥豬促生長(zhǎng)及促健康的作用。本文以發(fā)酵花生秧粉替代部分常規(guī)飼料作為試驗(yàn)用糧,以身體健康的大白×長(zhǎng)白×杜洛克三元雜交育肥豬120頭為供試動(dòng)物,將其隨機(jī)分成4組,試驗(yàn)為期40天,對(duì)照組飼喂常規(guī)飼料,試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ飼喂90%常規(guī)飼料+10%發(fā)酵花生秧粉(濕重),試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ飼喂85%常規(guī)飼料+15%發(fā)酵花生秧粉(濕重),試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ飼喂80%常規(guī)飼料+20%發(fā)酵花生秧粉(濕重)。分別測(cè)定四組試豬的料肉比、增重成本、糞便中常規(guī)消化酶活力以及常規(guī)營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)含量的變化情況,探明發(fā)酵花生秧粉對(duì)育肥豬的促生長(zhǎng)作用;并分別測(cè)定試豬糞便中菌群數(shù)量、血液生化指標(biāo)、腹瀉率及死亡率等指標(biāo),進(jìn)一步明確發(fā)酵花生秧粉對(duì)育肥豬健康的促進(jìn)效果。結(jié)果表明:將飼用微生物發(fā)酵花生秧粉可極顯著提高其營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的含量,與發(fā)酵前相比,發(fā)酵后花生秧粉的粗蛋白含量升高46.69%(P0.01),粗纖維含量降低19.82%(P0.01),中性洗滌纖維降低10.47%(P0.01),酸性洗滌纖維降低12.18%(P0.01),木質(zhì)素含量降低12.79%(P0.05),有機(jī)酸含量升高67.96%(P0.01),粗脂肪含量降低66.43%(P0.01),而粗灰分含量無(wú)顯著性變化(P0.05)。飼喂發(fā)酵花生秧粉可促進(jìn)育肥豬的生長(zhǎng):降低料肉比,并提高養(yǎng)殖效益,且通過(guò)機(jī)理考察,其可提高育肥豬胃腸道消化酶的活力,促進(jìn)其對(duì)飼料中營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的消化吸收。試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ及試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ的料肉比與對(duì)照組相比分別降低11.70%(P0.01),18.79%(P0.01),4.96%(P0.01);試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ及試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ的增重成本分別下降9.45%,16.39%,0.48%;試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ及試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ的全程成本分別下降4.71%,7.07%,9.23%;試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ及試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ的腸道消化酶活力與對(duì)照組相比,纖維素酶活力分別高15.68%(P0.01),16.59%(P0.01),4.10%(P0.05),蛋白酶活力分別提高2.41%(P0.05),3.10%(P0.05),6.28%(P0.05),淀粉酶活力分別提高17.07%(P0.01),14.02%(P0.05),14.02%(P0.05),脂肪酶活力分別提高2.58%(P0.05),4.68%(P0.05),4.78%(P0.05);試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ及試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ糞便中的常規(guī)營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)含量與對(duì)照組相比,粗蛋白含量分別降低9.09%(P0.01),4.54%(P0.05),9.09%(P0.05),粗纖維含量分別降低5.71%(P0.05),5.56%(P0.05),2.86%(P0.05),木質(zhì)素含量分別降低4.00%(P0.05),8.00%(P0.05),4.00%(P0.05),有機(jī)酸含量分別降低7.56%(P0.01),9.35%(P0.01),9.33%(P0.01),試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ及試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ的粗脂肪含量分別降低6.67%(P0.05),14.67%(P0.01),而試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ含量無(wú)變化;且粗灰分含量變化不大。飼喂發(fā)酵花生秧粉可以改善育肥豬腸道菌群結(jié)構(gòu)、減少腹瀉率的發(fā)生,對(duì)其血液生化指標(biāo)無(wú)顯著影響,并可促進(jìn)試豬的健康。試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ及試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ腸道中的菌群數(shù)量與對(duì)照組相比,大腸桿菌數(shù)量分別降低48.75%(P0.01),35.36%(P0.01),40.99%(P0.01),雙歧桿菌數(shù)量分別提高1.89%(P0.05),19.36%(P0.05),22.78%(P0.05),乳酸菌數(shù)量分別提高8.17%(P0.05),11.61%(P0.05),17.13%(P0.05),芽孢桿菌數(shù)量分別提高18.14%(P0.05),11.64%(P0.05),5.42%(P0.05);試驗(yàn)各組血液生化指標(biāo)與對(duì)照組相比差異均不顯著(P0.05);試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ、試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ及試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ的腹瀉率分別降低80.07%(P0.01),76.14%(P0.01),83.33%(P0.01);試驗(yàn)組Ⅰ與試驗(yàn)組Ⅲ兩組無(wú)死亡率,而試驗(yàn)組Ⅱ死亡率與對(duì)照組相比降低80.02%。本研究結(jié)果有力的證明了飼用微生物對(duì)發(fā)酵花生秧粉飼用價(jià)值的提升作用,以及發(fā)酵花生秧粉在育肥豬健康節(jié)糧養(yǎng)殖應(yīng)用中的可行性。為新型飼用微生物菌劑的研制及其在生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)健康節(jié)糧養(yǎng)殖的應(yīng)用奠定了試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:As China's breeding industry has gradually turned to scale, intensive development, and the demand for feed is increasing, the feed consumption is bound to increase, resulting in a serious phenomenon of human and livestock fighting. In addition, this intensive farming method has caused the outbreak of disease and the flow of disease, and the main control means is to use a large amount of resistance at present. Serious drug residues, such as raw materials, have caused serious drug residues, not only affect human health, lead to increasing bacterial resistance, but also cause harm to the environment. Therefore, the quality of livestock products is more demanding. Therefore, the development of healthy diet culture has become a major problem to be solved urgently in China's animal husbandry. The main purpose of this study is to use feeding. The microorganism fermented the peanut flour to improve the nutritive value of the peanut flour, thereby reducing the amount of grain, and inspecting the effect of the roughage on the growth and promoting health of the fattening pig. In this paper, the fermented peanut rice seedling powder was used instead of some conventional feed as the experimental grain, and 120 of the three yuan hybrid fattening pigs, which were healthy and healthy, were used as the feeding pigs. The test animals were randomly divided into 4 groups, the test lasted for 40 days, the control group was fed with conventional feed, the test group I fed 90% conventional feed +10% fermented peanut flour (wet weight), the experimental group II fed 85% conventional feed +15% fermented peanut flour (wet weight), and the experimental group III fed 80% conventional feed +20% fermented peanut seedling powder (wet weight). Four test pigs were tested respectively. The ratio of meat to meat, the cost of weight gain, the routine digestive enzyme activity in the feces and the change of the conventional nutrient content, the growth promoting effect of the fermented peanut seedling powder on the fattening pig was explored, and the number of bacteria in the feces, the biochemical indexes of the blood, the rate of diarrhea and the mortality of the pig were measured, and the health of the fermented peanut seedling was further clarified. The results showed that the nutrient content of peanut flour was greatly improved by fermenting the feed microbes. Compared with the fermentation, the crude protein content of the peanut flour increased by 46.69% (P0.01), the crude fiber content decreased by 19.82% (P0.01), the neutral detergent fiber decreased by 10.47% (P0.01), and the acid washing fiber was reduced by 12.18% (P0.01). The content of lignin was reduced by 12.79% (P0.05), the content of organic acid increased by 67.96% (P0.01), the content of crude fat decreased by 66.43% (P0.01), but there was no significant change in the crude ash content (P0.05). The feeding of fermented peanut seedling powder could promote the growth of fattening pig: reducing the ratio of meat and meat and raising the benefit of breeding, and through the mechanism investigation, it could improve the digestive tract digestion of the fattening pig. Experiment group I, test group II and test group III meat ratio decreased by 11.70% (P0.01), 18.79% (P0.01), 4.96% (P0.01), test group I, test group II and test group III weight increase cost decreased 9.45%, 16.39%, 0.48% respectively; test group I, test group II and The total cost of the experimental group III was reduced by 4.71%, 7.07%, 9.23% respectively. Experimental group I, experimental group II and test group III digestive enzyme activity was 15.68% (P0.01), 16.59% (P0.01), 4.10% (P0.05), 2.41% (P0.05), 3.10% (P0.05), 6.28% (P0.05), and amylase activity respectively. High 17.07% (P0.01), 14.02% (P0.05), 14.02% (P0.05), lipase activity increased 2.58% (P0.05), 4.68% (P0.05), 4.78% (P0.05). Test group I, test group II and test group III fecal routine nutrient content decreased 9.09% (P0.01), 4.54% (P0.05), 9.09% (P0.05), and crude fiber content decreased respectively. 5.71% (P0.05), 5.56% (P0.05), 2.86% (P0.05), lignin content decreased 4% (P0.05), 8% (P0.05), 4% (P0.05), organic acid content decreased 7.56% (P0.01), 9.35% (P0.01), 9.33% (P0.01). The crude fat content of test group I and test group III decreased 6.67% (P0.05), 14.67% (P0.01) respectively, and the test group II content was not changed; and crude ash content was not changed. Feeding fermented peanut seedling powder can improve the structure of intestinal flora, reduce the incidence of diarrhea, and have no significant influence on blood biochemical indexes, and promote the health of the test pigs. Test group I and test group II and test group, the number of Escherichia coli in the intestinal tract of the test group and the experimental group, the number of Escherichia coli decreased by 48.75% (P0. 01), 35.36% (P0.01), 40.99% (P0.01), the number of bifidobacteria increased by 1.89% (P0.05), 19.36% (P0.05), 22.78% (P0.05), the number of lactic acid bacteria increased by 8.17% (P0.05), 11.61% (P0.05), 17.13% (P0.05), and the number of Bacillus increased 18.14% (P0.05), 11.64% (P0.05), 5.42% (P0.05), respectively. The blood biochemical indexes of the experimental groups were all different from those of the control group. It was not significant (P0.05); test group I, test group II and test group III diarrhea rate decreased by 80.07% (P0.01), 76.14% (P0.01), 83.33% (P0.01); test group I and group III two group no mortality, and experimental group II mortality compared with the control group to reduce 80.02%. research results strongly proved that feed microbes feed on the fermented peanut seedling feeding The promotion of value and the feasibility of fermented peanut seedling powder in the application of healthy grain breeding for fattening pigs, which laid the experimental foundation for the development of the new forage microbial inoculant and the application of the healthy grain breeding in the pig industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5

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本文編號(hào)：2117896