本文選題：鋅 + 溫度��； 參考：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本試驗通過觀測不同鋅源對不同溫度下肉種母雞產(chǎn)蛋性能、種蛋蛋品質(zhì)、孵化性能、血漿、組織抗氧化性能及相關(guān)分子指標的影響,以探討飼糧鋅對肉種母雞的抗熱應激效應及可能機制。選用144只23周齡(155日齡)AA肉種母雞,按2×3完全隨機設(shè)計分為6組,每組6個重復,每個重復4只雞。試驗設(shè)2個飼養(yǎng)環(huán)境溫度:21?1℃常溫和32?1℃高溫;3個飼糧鋅處理:未加鋅的玉米─玉米淀粉─大豆分離蛋白半純合基礎(chǔ)飼糧(含鋅9.98 mg/kg)及在此基礎(chǔ)上添加110 mg/kg鋅源于無機硫酸鋅(ZnSO4?7H2O)飼糧和110 mg/kg鋅源于中等螯合強度有機鋅(螯合強度Qf為30.73)飼糧。預飼期為7周,然后使肉種母雞耗竭鋅3周,至228日齡開始為期9周的正式試驗期。收集正式試驗期第3、7及9周最后3天的種蛋,并于224(正式試驗開始前)、249及291日齡采集血漿樣品及在試驗結(jié)束時采集肝臟、胰腺樣品以備后續(xù)相關(guān)指標分析。與常溫組相比,高溫熱應激顯著降低了產(chǎn)蛋率、平均蛋重(P0.0002)、第3、7及9周蛋殼質(zhì)量、第3周種蛋蛋黃顏色與第9周蛋黃中鋅含量、249日齡母雞血漿ALP和CuZnSOD活性(P0.002),顯著升高了249和291日齡母雞直腸溫度、破蛋率、料蛋比(P0.0001)、249日齡母雞血漿TRI和MDA含量及CK活性、肝臟和胰腺中CuZnSOD活性、MT含量及HSP70 mRNA表達水平(P0.06)。與未加鋅相比,添加有機鋅顯著提高第3周種蛋蛋黃顏色、249日齡母雞血漿CuZnSOD活性與291日齡母雞血漿MDA含量及肝臟鋅含量(P0.08),且未加鋅與添加無機鋅間無顯著差異(P0.35);與未加鋅相比,添加有機鋅與無機鋅顯著提高3周種蛋出雛率和健雛率、第9周蛋黃鋅含量及肝臟MT含量(P0.04),而添加無機鋅與有機鋅間無顯著差異(P0.34);與無機鋅相比,添加有機鋅顯著降低肝臟HSF2和HSP70 mRNA表達水平(P0.10),而未加鋅與添加無機鋅間無顯著差異(P0.26)。在常溫條件下,與未加鋅及有機鋅相比,添加無機鋅組顯著提高291日齡母雞血漿ALP活性(P0.003),而未加鋅與添加有機鋅間無顯著差異(P0.99),而在高溫條件下,三個鋅處理組間無顯著差異(P0.36);在常溫條件下,三個鋅處理間的胰腺鋅含量及肝臟和胰腺中HSF3 mRNA表達水平均無顯著差異(P0.13),而在高溫條件下,與添加無機鋅相比,添加有機鋅顯著提高胰腺鋅含量(P0.05)并顯著降低肝臟和胰腺中HSF3 mRNA表達水平(P0.002),且添加無機鋅組的胰腺鋅含量顯著高于未加鋅組(P0.03),添加有機鋅組的肝臟和胰腺中HSF3 mRNA表達水平與未加鋅組無顯著差異(P0.69)。綜上所述:(1)高溫熱應激對產(chǎn)蛋期肉種母雞產(chǎn)蛋性能、蛋殼質(zhì)量和血漿抗氧化性能產(chǎn)生不利影響。高溫熱應激可使肉種母雞肝臟、胰腺中CuZnSOD活性、MT含量顯著升高并使肝臟HSPs70、90 mRNA及胰腺HSP70 mRNA表達量顯著上調(diào),以此來保護機體免受熱應激的影響;(2)飼糧中添加無機或有機鋅均可使種蛋蛋黃中鋅含量、出雛率、健雛率,肝臟、胰腺中鋅及MT含量顯著升高,且添加中等螯合強度有機鋅在降低母雞肝臟HSP70、HSF2 mRNA表達水平與提高血漿CuZnSOD活性及種蛋蛋黃顏色方面的效果明顯優(yōu)于無機鋅;(3)該種中等螯合強度有機鋅有利于高溫下胰腺鋅的利用,且使肉種母雞肝臟、胰腺HSF3 mRNA表達量免受熱應激的影響。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the effects of different zinc sources on the egg laying performance, egg quality, hatching performance, plasma, tissue antioxidant properties and related molecular indexes of the meat hens at different temperatures were observed in order to explore the heat resistance effect and possible mechanism of dietary zinc on meat hens. 144 AA meat hens at the age of 23 weeks (155 days of age) were selected by 2 x 3 completely random. The design was divided into 6 groups, with 6 repetitions in each group and 4 chickens for each repetition. The experiment set up 2 feeding environment temperatures: 21? 1 C and 32? 1 C; 3 diet of zinc: corn corn starch soybean protein isolate semi homozygous basal diet (containing zinc 9.98 mg/kg) and adding 110 zinc from inorganic zinc sulfate (ZnSO4? 7H2O) on this basis. Diet and 110 mg/kg zinc were derived from moderate chelated organic zinc (chelating strength Qf 30.73). The pre feeding period was 7 weeks, then the meat hen exhausted zinc for 3 weeks and 228 days of age began for a 9 week formal trial period. The eggs were collected at the last 3 days of the official trial period 3,7 and 9 weeks, and at 224 (before the formal trial), the plasma was collected at 249 and 291 days of age. At the end of the experiment, the liver was collected and the pancreas samples were collected for subsequent analysis. Compared with the normal temperature group, the high temperature stress significantly reduced the egg production rate, the average egg weight (P0.0002), the 3,7 and 9 weeks eggshell quality, the third weeks egg yolk color and the zinc content in the ninth week egg yolk, and the plasma ALP and CuZnSOD activity (P0.002) of the 249 day old hen's plasma significantly (P0.002). The rectal temperature, egg breaking rate, egg ratio (P0.0001), plasma TRI and MDA content and CK activity, CuZnSOD activity in liver and pancreas, MT content and HSP70 mRNA expression level (P0.06) were increased in hens at 249 and 291 day old age. Compared with non zinc, the addition of organic zinc significantly increased the color of egg yolk in third weeks and CuZnSOD activity at 249 day old hen's plasma. There was no significant difference between the plasma MDA content and liver zinc content (P0.08) in the 291 day old hens, and there was no significant difference between the unadded zinc and the inorganic zinc (P0.35). Compared with the unadded zinc, the addition of organic zinc and inorganic zinc significantly increased the egg production rate and the healthy chick rate of 3 weeks, the content of zinc and the liver MT content in ninth weeks (P0.04), but there was no significant difference between the inorganic zinc and the organic zinc. In contrast to inorganic zinc, adding organic zinc significantly decreased the expression level of liver HSF2 and HSP70 mRNA (P0.10), but there was no significant difference between the non zinc and the inorganic zinc (P0.26). Under normal temperature, the addition of inorganic zinc to the 291 day old hen's plasma ALP activity (P0.003) was significantly higher than without zinc and organic zinc, while no zinc and addition had been added to the serum of 291 day old hens. There was no significant difference between the machine zinc (P0.99), but there was no significant difference between the three zinc treatment groups at high temperature (P0.36). At normal temperature, there was no significant difference in the zinc content of the pancreas and the expression level of HSF3 mRNA in the liver and pancreas between the three zinc treatments (P0.13), and the addition of organic zinc to the addition of inorganic zinc significantly increased the pancreas under high temperature conditions. The level of HSF3 mRNA expression in the liver and pancreas (P0.002) was significantly reduced by zinc content (P0.05), and the zinc content in the pancreas was significantly higher in the addition of inorganic zinc group than in the non zinc group (P0.03). The expression level of HSF3 mRNA in the liver and pancreas of the added organic zinc group was not significantly different from that in the non zinc group (P0.69). (1) high temperature heat stress on the egg producing period meat The egg laying performance, eggshell quality and plasma antioxidant properties of hens have adverse effects. Heat stress can increase CuZnSOD activity, MT content in the liver and pancreas of hens and increase the expression of HSPs70,90 mRNA and HSP70 mRNA in the liver significantly to protect the effect of heat free stress in the body; (2) add inorganic food to the diet. Or organo zinc can make the content of zinc in the egg yolk, embryo rate, healthy embryo rate, liver, zinc and MT in pancreas increase significantly, and the addition of medium chelating strength organic zinc in the liver HSP70, HSF2 mRNA expression level and the effect of improving plasma CuZnSOD activity and egg yolk color are obviously better than inorganic zinc; (3) this kind of medium chelate The intensity of organic zinc is conducive to the utilization of zinc in pancreas under high temperature, and the expression of HSF3 mRNA in liver and pancreas of broilers is not affected by heat stress.
【學位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S831.5

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