本文選題：奶牛 + 分娩應(yīng)激　； 參考：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：分娩應(yīng)激是臨產(chǎn)母牛在分娩過程中發(fā)生的生理和行為上的特異性或非特異性反應(yīng)。分娩是伴隨著急性疼痛的痛苦過程。分娩啟動后,有規(guī)律的子宮收縮引起陣痛,機(jī)體在此疼痛的刺激下產(chǎn)生應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。分娩應(yīng)激是奶牛產(chǎn)后諸多疾病的誘發(fā)因素,但臨床實踐中關(guān)于奶牛分娩過程中疼痛和應(yīng)激的報道較少。本研究試圖闡明產(chǎn)后注射鎮(zhèn)痛藥-氟尼辛葡甲胺(flunixinmeglumine,FM)緩解奶牛疼痛性分娩應(yīng)激的有效性與可行性。為了探討分娩過程中存在分娩應(yīng)激,本研究選取臨床健康,體況正常,2～5胎次,自然分娩,產(chǎn)后21d無疾病的經(jīng)產(chǎn)奶牛5頭,分別于分娩前后采集尾靜脈血,提取RNA,進(jìn)行高通量轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序(RNA-seq),獲得分娩前后差異表達(dá)基因,并用qPCR進(jìn)行驗證。結(jié)果表明與應(yīng)激相關(guān)的HSP90α和PI3Kr2基因表達(dá)出現(xiàn)上調(diào),說明分娩過程中發(fā)生了應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。為了進(jìn)一步驗證分娩應(yīng)激的存在,本研究分別選取了臨床健康,體況正常,2～5胎次,自然分娩,產(chǎn)后21d無疾病的經(jīng)產(chǎn)奶牛10頭,分別于分娩前7d至分娩后7d每日采集尾靜脈血,檢測血清中 Cortisol、MDA、TAOC、T-SOD、HSP90 和 HSP72 以及微量元素 Zn、Cu、Se 和 Mg水平。結(jié)果表明奶牛分娩后血清MDA、HSP90、TAOC和T-SOD水平顯著升高(P0.05),微量元素Zn和Mg含量顯著降低(P0.05),進(jìn)一步證實了分娩過程中存在分娩應(yīng)激,而且發(fā)生了氧化應(yīng)激損傷。為了闡明疼痛是誘發(fā)分娩應(yīng)激的重要因素,本研究進(jìn)行了產(chǎn)后鎮(zhèn)痛試驗。選取臨床健康,體況正常,2～5胎次,自然分娩,產(chǎn)后無疾病發(fā)生的經(jīng)產(chǎn)奶牛20頭,隨機(jī)分為對照組和試驗組(產(chǎn)后注射FM, 2mg/kg,1次/d,連用3d),分別于產(chǎn)后1～4d采集尾靜脈血,檢測血清Cortisol、MDA、HSP90、TAOC和T-SOD以及微量元素Zn、Cu、Se和Mg的含量。結(jié)果表明產(chǎn)后注射FM可降低血清Cortisol、MDA、Zn、Cu、Se和Mg的水平,增加血清TAOC和T-SOD的水平。說明疼痛是分娩應(yīng)激的誘發(fā)因素,產(chǎn)后鎮(zhèn)痛可以緩解分娩應(yīng)激,增強(qiáng)機(jī)體的抗氧化能力。為了闡述產(chǎn)后注射FM對奶牛血液生化指標(biāo)和生產(chǎn)性能的影響,本研究選取臨床健康,體況正常,2～5胎次,自然分娩的經(jīng)產(chǎn)奶牛50頭,隨機(jī)分為對照組和試驗組(產(chǎn)后注射FM, 2mg/kg,1次/d,連用3d),于產(chǎn)后7d采集尾靜脈血,檢測血液鈣、磷、糖、β-羥丁酸的含量,產(chǎn)后20d采集乳樣,檢測乳中體細(xì)胞數(shù)和乳質(zhì)成分并記錄每日產(chǎn)奶量及奶牛產(chǎn)后發(fā)病情況。結(jié)果表明產(chǎn)后注射FM可顯著改善奶牛產(chǎn)后低血糖(P 0.01),使21日平均產(chǎn)奶量提高2.40kg (P0.05), 90日平均產(chǎn)奶量提高2.19kg (P0.05),奶牛乳房炎的發(fā)病率降低8% (P0.05)。為了進(jìn)一步探討FM對奶牛產(chǎn)后疾病發(fā)生率的影響,本試驗對某奶牛場用藥前一年和用藥后一年后的奶牛乳房炎、真胃變位、蹄病、酮病、腹瀉及子宮內(nèi)膜炎發(fā)生率進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計。得知該場應(yīng)用FM后奶牛乳房炎年發(fā)病率由41.87%降為35.22%(P0.01),真胃變位的年發(fā)病率由10.42%降為8.19% (P0.05),蹄病的年發(fā)病率由27.10%降為22.45% (P0.05)。綜上所述,奶牛分娩過程中存在應(yīng)激反應(yīng),分娩過程中的疼痛是引起應(yīng)激反應(yīng)的重要原因,產(chǎn)后注射FM可有效緩解分娩應(yīng)激,并能夠降低奶牛乳房炎、真胃變位和蹄病的發(fā)病率。
[Abstract]:Labor stress is a specific or nonspecific reaction in the process of birth of a cow during childbirth. Delivery is a painful process accompanied by acute pain. After birth, a regular contraction of the uterus causes pain, and the body produces stress responses under the pain of the body. Delivery stress is the lure of many diseases after the cow. In clinical practice, there are few reports of pain and stress in the process of dairy delivery. This study attempts to elucidate the effectiveness and feasibility of postpartum injection of flunixinmeglumine (FM) in relieving the pain of dairy cows. In order to explore the existence of labor stress during delivery, this study selects clinical health. Healthy, 2~5 parity, 2~5 parity, natural childbirth, 5 postpartum parturition cows with no disease, collect tail vein blood before and after childbirth, extract RNA, carry out high flux transcriptional sequence (RNA-seq), obtain differential expression genes before and after delivery, and verify with qPCR. The results show that the expression of HSP90 alpha and PI3Kr2 related to stress appears to appear. In order to further verify the existence of labor stress, in order to further verify the existence of labor stress, this study selected clinical health, normal body condition, 2~5 parity, natural childbirth, and postpartum 21d without disease of 10 cows, respectively, from 7d to 7d after childbirth to collect tail vein blood each day, and to detect Cortisol, MDA, TAOC, T- in serum. SOD, HSP90 and HSP72, and trace elements Zn, Cu, Se and Mg levels. The results showed that serum MDA, HSP90, TAOC and T-SOD levels increased significantly after childbirth (P0.05). An important factor of delivery stress was carried out, and the postpartum analgesia test was carried out in this study. The clinical health, normal body condition, 2~5 parity, natural childbirth, and 20 postpartum parturition cows were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group (FM, 2mg/kg, 1 /d, and 3D), and the tail vein blood was collected from 1 to 4D after postpartum, and the serum Cortis was detected respectively. Ol, MDA, HSP90, TAOC and T-SOD as well as the content of Zn, Cu, Se and Mg. The results show that postpartum injection of FM can reduce the level of serum Cortisol, MDA, etc. The effect of postpartum injection of FM on blood biochemical indexes and production performance of dairy cows was studied. This study selected clinical health, normal body condition, 2~5 parity and 50 natural childbirth cows. They were randomly divided into control group and experimental group (FM, 2mg/kg, 1 /d, 3D). After postpartum 7d, caudal vein blood was collected, and blood calcium, phosphorus, sugar, beta hydroxybutyric acid was detected. 20d milk samples were collected after postpartum, the number of somatic cells and milk components in milk were detected and milk production was recorded daily and the postpartum incidence of dairy cows was recorded. The results showed that postpartum injection of FM could significantly improve postpartum hypoglycemia (P 0.01), increase the average milk production of 21 days, increase 2.40kg (P0.05), increase the average milk production on 90 days, and increase the milk of dairy cow mastitis. The incidence of disease was reduced by 8% (P0.05). In order to further investigate the effect of FM on the incidence of postpartum diseases in dairy cows, this experiment was conducted to calculate the incidence of Dairy Mastitis, real stomach change, hoofed disease, ketosis, diarrhea and endometritis after one year of drug use and one year after medication in a dairy farm. It was found that the annual incidence of dairy cow mastitis after FM was 41.87. % decreased to 35.22% (P0.01), the annual incidence of true gastric displacement decreased from 10.42% to 8.19% (P0.05), and the annual incidence of hoof disease was reduced from 27.10% to 22.45% (P0.05). In summary, there was stress reaction in the process of childbirth, and pain during childbirth was an important cause of stress response. Postpartum injection of FM could effectively alleviate labor stress and be reduced. The incidence of cow mastitis, true stomach change and hoof disease.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S858.23

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