本文選題：叢枝菌根真菌 + 多樣性��； 參考：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：叢枝菌根(／(?)rbuscular Mycorrhizal, AM)真菌作為一類廣泛存在于土壤生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的共生菌,能夠提高植物在鹽脅迫下的抗性,已受到廣泛的關(guān)注。本論文對黑龍江省肇東市西南部的松嫩鹽堿草地AM真菌資源進(jìn)行了初步調(diào)查,分析了AM真菌的侵染狀況、多樣性、資源分布、土壤因子與AM真菌之間的關(guān)系,分離鑒定并篩選出松嫩鹽堿草地的優(yōu)勢AM真菌菌株,并在此基礎(chǔ)之上以紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)為試驗(yàn)材料,進(jìn)行不同濃度NaCl脅迫處理,測定了兩種優(yōu)勢AM真菌對紫花苜蓿生長效應(yīng)的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果可為松嫩鹽堿草原退化生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生物修復(fù)與重建積累資料,同時對紫花苜蓿在有一定鹽度園林綠地中的應(yīng)用提供參考和借鑒。主要研究成果如下：(1)本試驗(yàn)采集的26種常見鹽堿植物均被侵染成典型的AM真菌結(jié)構(gòu),薔薇科(Rosaceae)植物侵染狀況最好,100%被侵染；蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum)與AM真菌的親和力最強(qiáng),其侵染狀況、AM真菌多樣性指數(shù)、資源分布情況均為所有植物中最優(yōu)；而蓼科植物則與AM真菌親和力最差,以扁蓄蓼(Polygonum aviculare)最為典型。(2)從采集的26種鹽堿植物根際土壤中共分離出5屬40種AM真菌,已鑒定38種,尚有2個未確定種(sp)。其中球囊霉屬(Glomus)21種,占總種數(shù)的52.5%；無梗囊霉屬(Acaulospora)12種,占總種數(shù)的30%；盾巨孢囊霉屬(Scutellospora)4種,占總種數(shù)的10%；巨孢囊霉屬(Gigaspora)2種占總種數(shù)的5%；和平囊霉屬(Pacispora)只有玻利維亞和平囊霉(Pacispora boliviana)1種；球囊霉屬(Glomus)和無梗囊霉屬(Acaulospora)為優(yōu)勢屬,根內(nèi)球囊霉(Glomus intraradices)和地表球囊霉(Glomus versiforme)為優(yōu)勢種。(3)26種鹽堿植物根際土壤理化性質(zhì)差異明顯,蒲公英根際土壤的有機(jī)質(zhì)含量、全氮量、全磷量均達(dá)到所有植物中的最高值,分別為24.32、1.72和0.73g·kg-1,而扁蓄蓼則為所有植物中的最低值,僅為19.06、1.38、0.45g·kg-1。土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)和全氮量對AM真菌的影響最大,與AM真菌侵染率、侵染強(qiáng)度、泡囊豐度、叢枝豐度、孢子密度和物種豐度均表現(xiàn)為極顯著正相關(guān),與Shannon-Weiner指數(shù)(H)呈顯著正相關(guān)；土壤全磷量和全鉀量與AM真菌侵染狀況和物種多樣性也表現(xiàn)出不同程度的正相關(guān)性；而pH值和全鹽量對AM真菌沒有顯著影響。(4)隨著NaCl(0%、0.5%、1.0%)鹽脅迫程度的增強(qiáng),紫花苜蓿生長狀況逐漸減弱；接種AM真菌能提高顯著紫花苜蓿的耐鹽性,3種不同的AM菌劑均能顯著提高植株的侵染率、個體生物量和葉綠素含量；當(dāng)NaCl濃度為1.0%時,AM真菌增強(qiáng)植物體內(nèi)POD、SOD、CAT抗氧化酶活性更為顯著,NaCl濃度為0.5%時,AM真菌促進(jìn)植株對N、P、K的吸收更明顯,以接種Glomus intraradices 和 Glomus versiforme的混合菌劑效果最好,Glomus versiforme次之。
[Abstract]:Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, as a kind of symbiotic bacteria, which exist widely in soil ecosystem, can improve the resistance of plants under salt stress. In this paper, the AM fungi resources in the Songnen Saline-alkali grassland in the southwest of Zhaodong City, Heilongjiang Province were investigated, and the infection status, diversity, resource distribution, soil factors and the relationship between AM fungi and AM fungi were analyzed. The dominant AM fungi strains in Songnen saline-alkali grassland were isolated and screened. On the basis of this, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) was used as experimental material to deal with different concentrations of NaCl stress. The effects of two dominant AM fungi on the growth of alfalfa were studied. The results can be used as a reference for the bioremediation and reconstruction of degraded ecosystem in Songnen saline-alkali steppe and the application of alfalfa in garden green space with certain salinity. The main results are as follows: (1) 26 common saline-alkali plants collected in this experiment were infected with typical AM fungi structure, and the best infection rate was 100% in Rosaceae, and the affinity between Taraxacum mongolicum and AM fungi was the highest. The diversity index and resource distribution of AM fungi were the best among all plants, while the affinities of Polygonaceae plants with AM fungi were the worst. Polygonum aviculare is the most typical. (2) A total of 5 genera and 40 species of AM fungi have been isolated from the rhizosphere soil of 26 species of saline-alkali plants, 38 species have been identified and 2 species (sp). Have not been identified. There are 21 species of Glomus (52.5 species), 12 species of (Acaulospora) (30% of total species), 4 species (10% of total species) of Scutellospora, 2 species of Gigaspora (55.00% of the total species), 5 species of Scutellospora (10 species of total species), 5 species of Scutellospora (2 species of Gigaspora), 5 species of Gigaspora (2 species of Gigaspora), 10 species of total species of Scutellospora, 5 species of Gigaspora. Pacispora has only one species of Pacispora boliviana in Bolivia, Glomus and (Acaulospora) are dominant genera, Glomus intraradices and Glomus versiforme are dominant species. (3) the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil of 26 saline-alkali plants are obviously different. The content of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in rhizosphere soil of Taraxacum dandelion were the highest in all plants, which were 24.32 ~ (1.72) and 0.73 g 路kg ~ (-1), respectively, while Polygonum hydropiper was the lowest value in all plants, which was only 19.06 ~ (1.38) ~ 0.45 g 路kg ~ (-1). Soil organic matter and total nitrogen content had the greatest effect on AM fungi, which were significantly positively correlated with infection rate, infection intensity, vesicle abundance, branch abundance, spore density and species abundance, and Shannon-Weiner index (H). Soil total phosphorus and total potassium content also showed positive correlation with AM fungal infection status and species diversity, but pH value and total salt content had no significant effect on AM fungi. (4) with the increase of NaCl (0 0. 5% ~ 0. 0%) salt stress, the soil total phosphorus content and total potassium content also showed a positive correlation with AM fungi infection and species diversity, (4) with the increase of NaCl (0 0. 5 ~ 0. 5%) salt stress, The growth status of alfalfa decreased gradually, and the salt-tolerance of alfalfa was improved by inoculating AM fungi, and the infection rate, individual biomass and chlorophyll content of alfalfa were significantly increased by three kinds of AM fungicides. When the concentration of NaCl was 1.0, the activities of catalase of PODS-SODDG in plants were significantly enhanced when the concentration of NaCl was 1.0. When the concentration of NaCl was 0.5, AM fungi promoted the absorption of Nomus K in plants more obviously, and the mixture inoculated with Glomus intraradices and Glomus versiforme had the best effect on the uptake of Nomus versiforme, followed by the mixture of Glomus intraradices and Glomus versiforme.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S812

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 盛敏;唐明;張峰峰;黃艷輝;;鹽脅迫下接種AM真菌對玉米耐鹽性的影響[J];西北植物學(xué)報;2011年02期

2 王明元;夏仁學(xué);;缺鐵和過量重碳酸鹽脅迫下叢枝菌根真菌對枳活性氧代謝的影響[J];廣西植物;2010年05期

3 楊春雪;李麗麗;;叢枝菌根真菌鑒定方法的研究進(jìn)展[J];貴州農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2014年07期

4 弓明欽,陳羽,王鳳珍,葉秦;華南地區(qū)桉樹林中VA菌根菌資源及其組成[J];林業(yè)科學(xué)研究;1997年03期

5 胡志宏;黃晶心;杜書佳;王慧杰;肖明;;鹽脅迫下叢枝菌根對植物幼苗生長和營養(yǎng)元素吸收的影響[J];上海師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2010年03期

6 賀學(xué)禮,趙麗莉,李英鵬;NaCl脅迫下AM真菌對棉花生長和葉片保護(hù)酶系統(tǒng)的影響[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報;2005年01期

7 蓋京蘋,馮固,李曉林;我國北方農(nóng)田土壤中AM真菌的多樣性[J];生物多樣性;2004年04期

8 杜長城;楊靜慧;任慧朝;岳麗娜;李建科;張杰;;不同品種紫花苜蓿的耐鹽性篩選試驗(yàn)[J];天津農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2008年05期

9 常勃;李建華;盧朝東;靳東升;張強(qiáng);郜春花;武文麗;;微生物復(fù)墾技術(shù)在礦區(qū)生態(tài)重建中的應(yīng)用[J];山西農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2012年10期

10 馮固,李曉林,張福鎖,李生秀;鹽脅迫下叢枝菌根真菌對玉米水分和養(yǎng)分狀況的影響[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報;2000年04期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張義飛;松嫩平原鹽堿化草地叢枝菌根真菌資源及其生態(tài)作用的研究[D];東北師范大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 張璐;叢枝菌根真菌（AMF）對紫花苜蓿耐鹽性的影響[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

2 孔佩佩;叢枝菌根真菌對切花月季和切花菊生長及溫度脅迫耐受性的影響[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2011年

，

本文編號：2079274