本文選題：模擬降雨 + 植被配置�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：植被是影響土壤侵蝕的重要因素,了解錫林郭勒草原植被影響產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)沙情況,是研究該區(qū)植被水土保持效益的重要內(nèi)容。本文以蒙古冰草(Agropyron mongolicum)、無芒雀麥(Bromus ineris)、草木樨(Melilotus suaveolens)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)為主要研究對象,開展野外人工模擬降雨試驗,研究不同雨強、植被結合方式及保水劑施用量下坡面產(chǎn)流產(chǎn)沙特征的變化,主要結論如下：(1)植被與不同保水劑施用量結合時,隨著保水劑施用量的增加初始產(chǎn)流時間隨之延后,徑流延遲時間隨之增加。當降雨強度為0.73mm/min時,天然草地施用0g/m2保水劑小區(qū)初始產(chǎn)流時間為7.4min,施用50g/m2為15min同一保水劑施用量對植被初始產(chǎn)流和徑流延遲時間的影響,表現(xiàn)為相同保水劑施用量下人工草地初始產(chǎn)流時間晚于天然草地,當降雨強度為1.03mm/min時施用50g/m2保水劑,無芒雀麥與草木樨的小區(qū)初始產(chǎn)流時間最晚為5.73min比天然草地的2.57min晚3.16mmin。相同雨強,同一保水劑施用量下徑流延遲時間差別不大,在0.5min內(nèi)。(2)不同植被配置施用保水劑后,隨著保水劑施用量增加產(chǎn)流量均隨之減小。當降雨強度為1.03mm/min時,蒙古冰草與草木樨組合在施用0g/m2保水劑時其產(chǎn)流量為27.82L比施用50g/m2保水劑時多15.02L；同一保水劑施用量對植被產(chǎn)流的影響,表現(xiàn)為產(chǎn)流量和產(chǎn)流時間之間的線性相關關系顯著(R20.85),同一保水劑施用量下模擬趨勢線進行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)天然草地曲線斜率大于人工草地。(3)不同植被配置施用保水劑后,其地表產(chǎn)沙量受保水劑施用量影響較大,產(chǎn)沙量隨著保水劑施用量的增加而減少,產(chǎn)沙量和產(chǎn)沙時間之間的線性相關關系很顯著(R20.9),隨著降雨強度增加,對不同保水劑施用量下模擬趨勢線進行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)曲線斜率隨保水劑施用量的增加而明顯的減�。煌槐Ｋ畡┦┯昧繉χ脖划a(chǎn)沙的影響,表現(xiàn)為相同保水劑施用量下,蒙古冰草與草木樨的組合更適合當?shù)胤乐嗡亮魇Чぷ�。當降雨強度�?.03mm/min時,蒙古冰草與草木樨組合在施用50g/m2保水劑時產(chǎn)沙量是737.15g為天然草地1180.53g的62%。
[Abstract]:Vegetation is an important factor affecting soil erosion. It is an important content to study the benefit of vegetation soil and water conservation to understand the effect of vegetation on runoff and sediment production in Xilinguole grassland. In this paper, the main research object was (Agropyron mongolicum), ineris), suaveolens), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and the field simulated rainfall experiment was carried out to study the different rainfall intensity. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) when the vegetation is combined with different water retaining agents, the initial runoff production time is delayed with the increase of the amount of water retaining agent. The delay time of runoff increases. When the rainfall intensity was 0.73mm/min, the initial runoff production time was 7.4 min when the natural grassland was treated with 0g/m2 water retaining agent, and the effect of the application of the same water retaining agent 50g/m2 on the initial runoff yield and runoff delay time of the vegetation was studied. The results showed that the initial runoff production time of artificial grassland was later than that of natural grassland under the same water retaining agent application rate. When the rainfall intensity was 1.03mm/min, the initial runoff time of the plot without bromegrass and sweet clover was 3.16 mmin. later than that of the natural grassland when the rainfall intensity was 1.03mm/min. Under the same rainfall intensity, the delay time of runoff under the same water retaining agent was not different, and in 0.5min. (2) with the increase of the amount of water retaining agent, the yield and flow rate decreased with the application of water absorbent in different vegetation. When the rainfall intensity was 1.03mm/min, the yield and flow rate of the combination of Mongolian ice grass and sweet clover were 27.82 L and 15.02 L higher than that of the application of 50g/m2 water absorbent, and the effect of the same water retaining agent on vegetation yield and runoff was observed. The linear correlation between runoff and runoff time was significant (R20.85), and the curve slope of natural grassland was higher than that of artificial grassland, compared with the simulated trend line under the same dosage of water retaining agent. (3) after different vegetation was applied with water-retaining agent, the slope of curve of natural grassland was higher than that of artificial grassland. The surface sediment yield is greatly affected by the amount of water retaining agent, and the sediment yield decreases with the increase of the amount of water retaining agent. The linear correlation between sediment yield and sediment yield time is significant (R20.9), and with the increase of rainfall intensity, the amount of sediment yield decreases with the increase of the amount of water retaining agent, and the correlation between sediment yield and sediment yield time is significant (R20.9). By comparing the simulated trend lines under different water retaining agents, it is found that the slope of the curve decreases obviously with the increase of the amount of water retaining agent, and the effect of the same amount of water retaining agent on the sediment yield of vegetation is shown as the same amount of water retaining agent. The combination of Mongolian ice grass and sweet clover is more suitable for soil erosion control. When the rainfall intensity was 1.03mm/min, the sediment yield of the combination of Mongolian ice grass and sweet clover was 737.15g and 1180.53g when 50g/m2 water-retaining agent was applied.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S812

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本文編號：2072179