本文選題：樹舌發(fā)酵浸膏 + 肉雞��； 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本試驗旨在研究樹舌發(fā)酵浸膏(Fermentation concentrate of Ganoderma applanatum(Pers.)Pat,GAC)對肉雞主要生產(chǎn)性能及免疫指標(biāo)的影響。試驗將225只1日齡愛拔益加(AA)肉雞隨機分為5個處理組,每個處理3個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)15只。5個處理分別為空白組(基礎(chǔ)日糧)、抗生素組(基礎(chǔ)日糧+5mg/kg黃霉素)和基礎(chǔ)日糧中分別添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%多糖含量的GAC組,試驗期42天。通過觀察肉雞生產(chǎn)性能、免疫器官指數(shù)及形態(tài)、外周血淋巴細(xì)胞增殖情況、細(xì)胞因子及免疫球蛋白含量、新城疫(Newcastle Disease,ND)抗體效價及相關(guān)因子表達(dá)情況,評價GAC對肉雞免疫功能的影響。一、GAC對肉雞生產(chǎn)性能的影響從肉雞生長0-42日齡,各劑量組肉雞平均日增重、平均日采食量均顯著高于空白組和抗生素組(P0.05);各劑量組均能降低肉雞料肉比且提高肉雞成活率。結(jié)果表明:基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加GAC能夠提高肉雞生產(chǎn)性能。二、GAC對肉雞免疫器官的影響于試驗的第21、42日齡,從每個試驗組的3組重復(fù)中分別選取5只肉雞進(jìn)行屠宰,取胸腺、脾臟及法氏囊分別進(jìn)行稱重,石蠟切片法觀察其組織形態(tài)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):各劑量組肉雞胸腺、脾臟指數(shù)均顯著高于空白組和抗生素組(P0.05),且各劑量組均能提高肉雞法氏囊指數(shù);但對各器官組織形態(tài)無明顯影響。結(jié)果表明:基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加GAC能夠提高肉雞免疫器官指數(shù),且對其正常組織形態(tài)無影響。三、GAC對肉雞外周血淋巴細(xì)胞增殖的影響于試驗第14、21、28、35和42日齡,采用MTT方法測定肉雞外周血T、B淋巴細(xì)胞增殖情況。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):0.05%GAC劑量組和0.1%GAC劑量組分別顯著提高了肉雞外周血中T、B淋巴細(xì)胞增殖(P0.05)。結(jié)果表明,基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加GAC能夠促進(jìn)肉雞淋巴細(xì)胞增殖。四、GAC對肉雞血清細(xì)胞因子、免疫球蛋白含量的影響于試驗第14、21、28、35和42日齡,采用酶聯(lián)免疫法(ELISA)測定肉雞血清中細(xì)胞因子IL-2、IL-4和IFN-γ及IgM、IgG和IgA的含量。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):0.05%GAC劑量組肉雞血清中細(xì)胞因子含量顯著高于空白組和抗生素組(P0.05);0.1%GAC劑量組肉雞血清中免疫球蛋白含量顯著高于空白組和抗生素組(P0.05)。結(jié)果表明:基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加GAC能夠提高肉雞血清中細(xì)胞因子及免疫球蛋白含量。五、GAC對肉雞新城疫抗體效價的影響于試驗第7、14、21、28、35和42日齡,采用血凝抑制實驗(HI)測定肉雞新城疫抗體效價(ND-HI)。結(jié)果表明,日糧中添加GAC能夠影響肉雞新城疫抗體效價水平。六、GAC對肉雞相關(guān)細(xì)胞因子表達(dá)情況的影響與試驗第21和42日齡,從每個試驗組的3組重復(fù)中分別選取5只肉雞進(jìn)行屠宰取脾臟,采用相對熒光定量PCR法測定肉雞脾臟中IL-2、IL-4和IFN-γmRNA表達(dá)情況。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):0.05%GAC劑量組肉雞脾臟中3中細(xì)胞因子表達(dá)量顯著高于空白組和抗生素組(P0.05)。結(jié)果表明,基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加GAC能夠促進(jìn)肉雞脾臟中IL-2、IL-4和IFN-γmRNA的表達(dá)情況。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of fermentation concentrate of Ganoderma applanatum.Pers.PatanatumPers.PatgaCon on the main performance and immune index of broilers. 225 1-day-old Aiba Yijia AAA broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups with 3 repeats in each treatment. Five treatments were divided into blank group (basal diet), antibiotic group (basal diet 5mg/kg flavin) and basal diet supplemented with 0.05g 0.1% polysaccharide for 42 days. The production performance, immune organ index and morphology, lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine and immunoglobulin content, the titer of Newcastle Disease (NDV) antibody and the expression of related factors in broiler chickens were observed. To evaluate the effect of GAC on immune function of broilers. The effect of GAC on the performance of broilers from 0 to 42 days of age, the average daily gain of broilers in each dose group was significantly higher than that in control group and antibiotic group, and the feed / meat ratio and survival rate of broiler were increased in each dose group. The results showed that adding GAC to the basal diet could improve the performance of broilers. The effect of GAC on immune organs of broilers at 21 ~ 42 days of age. Five broilers were slaughtered from three replicates of each trial group, thymus, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were weighed, and their histological morphology was observed by paraffin section. The results showed that the thymus and spleen index of broilers in each dose group was significantly higher than that in control group and antibiotic group, and the index of bursa was increased in each dose group, but there was no significant effect on the morphology of organs and tissues. The results showed that the addition of GAC to the basal diet could increase the immune organ index of broilers and had no effect on the normal tissue morphology of broilers. The effect of GAC on the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in broilers was observed at the age of 14 ~ 21 ~ 2835 and 42 days. The proliferation of T _ (B) B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of broilers was measured by MTT method. The results showed that the GAC and 0.1 GAC groups significantly increased the proliferation of T B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of broilers. The results showed that the addition of GAC to basal diet could promote lymphocyte proliferation in broilers. The effect of GAC on the levels of cytokines and immunoglobulin in serum of broilers was determined by Elisa. The levels of cytokines IL-2IL-4, IFN- 緯, IgG and IgA in serum of broilers were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). The results showed that the content of cytokines in serum of broiler chickens at the dose of 0. 05 GAC was significantly higher than that of the control and antibiotic groups (P 0. 05 and P 0. 05). The content of immunoglobulin in the serum of broilers in the dose of 0. 05 GAC was significantly higher than that in the control and antibiotic groups. The results showed that the addition of GAC to basal diet could increase the content of cytokines and immunoglobulin in serum of broilers. The effect of GAC on Newcastle disease antibody titer in broiler chickens at the age of 714 ~ (21) ~ 2835 and 42 ~ (th) days, a hemagglutination inhibition test (HIH) was used to determine the titer of Newcastle disease antibody (ND-HIX) in broilers. The results showed that the level of Newcastle disease antibody titer could be affected by adding GAC to the diet. The effect of GAC on the expression of related cytokines in broilers and at the 21st and 42nd days of the experiment, five broilers were selected from each of the three groups to be slaughtered to get the spleen. The expression of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN- 緯 mRNA in the spleen of broilers was detected by relative fluorescence quantitative PCR. It was found that the expression of cytokines in the spleen of broilers treated with 10% GAC was significantly higher than that of control group and antibiotic group (P 0.05). The results showed that GAC could promote the expression of IL-2 IL-4 and IFN- 緯 mRNA in spleen of broilers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S831.5

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