本文選題：硫酸銅 + 育肥豬��； 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：日糧銅進入動物體內(nèi),會在各個組織器官中分布和積累,過量的銅對動物組織器官有損傷作用,然而,食入這些動物產(chǎn)品是否會對人身體健康造成負面影響尚未可知,因此,本文在測得了豬生產(chǎn)性能、飼料養(yǎng)分消化率和銅代謝的同時,對銅的暴露量進行了風險評估,以期為生態(tài)環(huán)境、肉食品安全問題和豬的安全養(yǎng)殖和生產(chǎn)加工提供理論支持。本文的主要研究方法:選用體重(30±1.05)kg健康杜×長×大三元雜交育肥豬24頭,隨機分為4個處理組,每個處理3個重復,每個重復2頭豬。試驗處理分別在日糧中添加:10mg/kg(對照組)、45mg/kg(1組)、135mg/kg(2組)和225mg/kg(3組)的銅含量,添加后測定飼料中銅的實際含量分別為19.09mg/kg(對照組),53.60mg/kg(1組),154.00mg/kg(2組),250mg/kg(3組),試驗全期總共為87d,試驗按體重大約劃分為前后兩個階段:前期為30~60kg,后期為60~100 kg,采集豬糞測得豬糞銅含量并且記錄每周豬采食量、日增重,持續(xù)喂養(yǎng)80d后,進行屠宰,取各組織器官測定銅含量。1.日糧銅水平對育肥豬生長性能、養(yǎng)分消化率及銅代謝的影響試驗全期,與對照組相比,試驗3組顯著降低了育肥豬的末重、升高ADFI的同時并顯著升高了F/G(P0.05),試驗1組和2組顯著降低了育肥豬的末重和ADG并升高了F/G(P0.05)。與對照組相比,對照組、試驗1組和2組的ADFI分別升高了6.44%、8.19%和13.30%,ADG分別降低了7.89%、7.89%和3.79%,而F/G分別提高了8.80%、15.49%和17.96%。19.09mg/kg(對照組)與其它3組相比較顯著降低了飼料粗蛋白與粗脂肪消化率(P0.05),各試驗組與對照組在NDF消化率上均差異顯著(P㩳0.05);ADF消化率上各試驗組與對照組之間差異顯著(P㩳0.05),但各試驗組之間無顯著性差異(P0.05),與對照組相比,試驗1組、2組和3組的粗蛋白分別提高了1.68%、2.83%和5.76%;粗脂肪分別升高了45.85%、121.37%、131.49%;ADF分別降低了2.44%、6.13%和7.80%;NDF分別降低了3.78%、3.78%和6.90%。19.09mg/kg(對照組)顯著降低了育肥豬吸收銅與沉積銅含量(P0.05),而53.60mg/kg(1組)和154.00mg/kg(2組)無顯著差異(P0.05);且日糧各組間銅水平對豬的銅表觀消化率、銅沉積率和總銅排放率影響差異顯著(P0.05)。與對照組相比,試驗1組、2組和3組的銅的表觀消化率分別升高了1.65%、2.58%和5.78%;銅沉積率分別升高了14.22%、20.78%和25.78%;總銅排放率分別升高了14.46%、18.45%和43.08%。2.日糧銅水平對組織器官銅沉積的影響飼喂80d后進行屠宰取樣,取大小腦、心臟、肝臟、腎臟、脾臟、肺、胃、肌肉組織、骨骼、血清和豬毛等,測定其中的銅含量,結果如下:(1)隨著飼料中銅含量的增加,其大腦、肝臟、腎臟和血清富集程度較高,其次是脛骨、肋骨和骨質(zhì),最后是肌肉組織。(2)股骨骨質(zhì)、肋骨和脛骨、肝臟、腎臟和豬血等組織器官是豬體內(nèi)富集銅的主要器官(3)肝、腎臟及骨骼組織中銅含量隨飼料中銅含量的增加而增加,即飼料中銅的含量為10mg/kg時,這些組織器官內(nèi)的銅含量(0.054 mg/kg~49.600 mg/kg)依然有可能超標(骨中銅無明確標準規(guī)定)。(4)心、肺、胃、胰臟、脾臟和淋巴結中的銅含量與飼料中銅含量差異不顯著,飼料中銅含量為225mg/kg時,這些組織器官中銅的含量仍低于國家限量標準10mg/kg。
[Abstract]:Dietary copper enters the animal body and accumulates in various tissues and organs. Excessive copper can damage animal tissues and organs. However, it is not known whether eating these animals will have negative effects on human health. Therefore, this paper has measured the production performance, nutrient digestibility of feed and copper metabolism. The risk assessment was carried out to provide theoretical support for the ecological environment, the safety of meat and food and the safe breeding and processing of pigs. The main research method of this paper was to choose 24 heads of pigs with weight (30 + 1.05) kg health Du x long x large three yuan hybrid breeding pigs and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, each treated with 3 repetitions, and each duplication of 2 pigs. The test treatment added copper content of 10mg/kg (control group), 45mg/kg (1 group), 135mg/kg (2 group) and 225mg/kg (3 group). The actual content of copper in the feed was 19.09mg/kg (control group), 53.60mg/kg (group 1), 154.00mg/kg (2 group), 250mg/kg (3 group), the whole period was 87d, and the test was divided into about before and after weight. The two stages were 30~60kg and later 60~100 kg. The copper content of pig manure was measured and the pig feces was measured and the weekly feed intake was recorded, the daily weight was increased. After continuous feeding of 80D, the pig manure was slaughtered, and the effects of copper content of.1. on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and copper metabolism of the pig were measured in all tissues and organs, compared with the control group. The 3 groups significantly reduced the end weight of the fattening pigs, increased the ADFI and increased the F/G (P0.05) significantly. The test 1 and 2 groups significantly reduced the end weight and ADG of the fattening pigs and increased the F/G (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the ADFI in the 1 and 2 groups increased by 6.44%, 8.19% and 13.30% respectively, and the ADG decreased by 7.89%, 7.89% and 3.79% respectively. And F/G increased 8.80%, 15.49% and 17.96%.19.09mg/kg (control group) significantly lower the digestibility of crude protein and crude fat (P0.05) compared with the other 3 groups. The digestibility of each test group and the control group was significantly different (P? 0.05), and the difference between the experimental groups and the control groups was significant (P? 0.05), but between the experimental groups, but between the experimental groups. There was no significant difference (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the crude protein of the 1 groups, the 2 groups and the 3 groups increased by 1.68%, 2.83% and 5.76%, the crude fat increased by 45.85%, 121.37%, 131.49%, and the ADF decreased 2.44%, 6.13% and 7.80% respectively; NDF reduced 3.78%, 3.78% and 6.90%.19.09mg/kg (control group) significantly reduced the absorption of copper and sink in the fattening pigs. Copper content (P0.05), while 53.60mg/kg (1 groups) and 154.00mg/kg (2 groups) had no significant difference (P0.05), and the copper deposition rate, copper deposition rate and total copper emission rate of pigs were significantly different (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the apparent digestibility of copper in the 1 groups, 2 groups and 3 groups increased by 1.65%, 2.58% and 5.78%, copper precipitation, respectively. The accumulations were increased by 14.22%, 20.78% and 25.78%, respectively, and the total copper emission rates were increased by 14.46%, 18.45% and 43.08%.2., respectively, and the effects of dietary copper on copper deposition in tissues and organs were fed by 80D for slaughtering sampling and taking large cerebellum, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, lung, stomach, muscle tissue, bone, serum and pig hair. As follows: (1) with the increase of copper content in the feed, the concentration of the brain, liver, kidney and serum is higher, followed by the tibia, ribs and bone, and finally the muscle tissue. (2) the bone, the ribs and tibia, the liver, kidney and pig blood are the main organs (3) of the copper in the pig's body (3), and the copper content in the kidney and bone tissue The increase of copper content in the feed, that is, when the content of copper in the feed is 10mg/kg, the copper content in these tissues and organs (0.054 mg/kg~49.600 mg/kg) still may exceed the standard. (4) the copper content in the heart, lung, stomach, pancreas, spleen and lymph nodes is not significantly different from the copper content in the feed, and the copper content in the feed is not significant. For 225mg/kg, the copper content in these tissues and organs is still lower than the national limit standard 10mg/kg..
【學位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S828.5

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