本文選題：秸稈 + 瘤胃微生物　； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：秸稈是一種寶貴的生物質(zhì)資源,我國(guó)目前秸稈年產(chǎn)量約8.4億噸,可收集部分為6.9億噸,但綜合利用率僅達(dá)到28.7%,大部分秸稈直接焚燒,產(chǎn)生SO2、NO2、顆粒物等,造成嚴(yán)重的空氣污染。目前,針對(duì)秸稈的處理技術(shù)有很多,包括秸稈做工業(yè)原料、秸稈氣化技術(shù)、液化技術(shù)、發(fā)酵技術(shù)等；其中秸稈生物法厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)沼氣技術(shù)在農(nóng)村應(yīng)用較普遍,但該技術(shù)存在著普通微生物降解效率低、產(chǎn)氣量低等問(wèn)題。瘤胃微生物是反芻動(dòng)物瘤胃內(nèi)微生物的總稱,對(duì)秸稈有高效的降解能力,同時(shí)可生產(chǎn)沼氣。目前還沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒▽?duì)瘤胃微生物進(jìn)行保存,使得菌種來(lái)源成為利用瘤胃微生物厭氧發(fā)酵秸稈產(chǎn)沼氣在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的主要瓶頸。本文對(duì)馴化后的高效瘤胃微生物的保存方法與活性恢復(fù)進(jìn)行研究,主要內(nèi)容分為兩部分。首先,將馴化后的瘤胃微生物按照固體烘干、固體未烘干、液態(tài)三種不同狀態(tài),分別在-20℃、4℃、室溫條件下進(jìn)行保存；10天后取出,進(jìn)行厭氧發(fā)酵秸稈活性恢復(fù)分析研究,初步篩選出適合瘤胃微生物保存的基本條件。其次,在上述實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,利用Box-Behnken設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn),進(jìn)一步考察溫度、保護(hù)劑添加量、接種量三個(gè)主要因素對(duì)瘤胃微生物活性恢復(fù)的影響,并通過(guò)響應(yīng)曲面模型(RSM)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行優(yōu)化分析,從而得出最優(yōu)的保存條件。主要的研究成果如下：(1)瘤胃微生物以固體烘干及液態(tài)狀態(tài)保存,其恢復(fù)性能較好；經(jīng)過(guò)保存的瘤胃微生物,在恢復(fù)過(guò)程中受環(huán)境刺激短期可產(chǎn)生較多的CMC酶。(2)利用響應(yīng)曲面模型得到溫度、甘油投加量、接種量三者之間分別對(duì)CMC酶活性、還原糖濃度、TVFA濃度、CH4百分含量交互關(guān)系的3D曲面圖及二維等高線圖,利用Design-Expert軟件對(duì)以上四個(gè)響應(yīng)值分別確定擬合方程解逆矩陣,經(jīng)過(guò)軟件優(yōu)化后得出最優(yōu)保存方案。
[Abstract]:Straw is a valuable biomass resource, the annual output of straw in China is about 840 million tons, but the comprehensive utilization ratio is only 28.70.The straw is burned directly, resulting in serious air pollution. At present, there are many treatment technologies for straw, including straw as industrial raw materials, straw gasification technology, liquefaction technology, fermentation technology and so on. However, there are some problems in this technology, such as low degradation efficiency and low gas production. Rumen microorganism is a general term of rumen microorganism in ruminants. It can degrade straw efficiently and produce biogas at the same time. At present, there is no proper method to preserve rumen microorganisms, which makes the source of microbial species become the main bottleneck of biogas production using rumen microorganisms anaerobic fermentation straw in practical applications. In this paper, the preservation methods and activity recovery of highly effective rumen microbes after acclimation were studied, and the main contents were divided into two parts. Firstly, the domesticated rumen microbes were stored at -20 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1998551