本文選題：羔羊癱瘓 + 泰勒蟲病　； 參考：《安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年來安徽、河南等地區(qū)羔羊出現(xiàn)了一種以癱瘓為主要特征的疾病,稱之為羔羊癱瘓綜合征。每年都有不同程度的發(fā)生,發(fā)病率、死亡率有明顯增高的趨勢,給養(yǎng)羊場、養(yǎng)羊戶造成了嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。目前關(guān)于本病的報道較少,病因也未明確,這給本病的預(yù)防、控制與治療增加了難度。本研究就2013年9月~2014年11月間,對安徽地區(qū)部分養(yǎng)羊場、戶內(nèi)羔羊發(fā)生消瘦、癱瘓和大批死亡的情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查。通過發(fā)生流行情況調(diào)查,對病例的發(fā)病和流行情況有初步了解。對送檢的病例進(jìn)行臨診癥狀觀察和病理剖檢以及病料的采集。為排除相關(guān)微量元素性疾病,首先對病例的羊毛中的微量元素進(jìn)行測定。利用病原學(xué)檢查方法,對病料進(jìn)行細(xì)菌分離培養(yǎng)以及鑒定,利用血涂片檢查和分子生物學(xué)方法檢測血液寄生蟲感染。依據(jù)上述檢查結(jié)果,分析病因并給出相應(yīng)治療方案。為明確該病病因以及對該病的診斷、免疫預(yù)防和治療提供一定的理論參考。通過發(fā)生流行情況調(diào)查,結(jié)果顯示此病的發(fā)病時間多集中于春夏季節(jié)。觀察臨床發(fā)病癥狀,發(fā)病羊只多數(shù)表現(xiàn)出高熱、貧血、消瘦、體表淋巴結(jié)腫脹以及皮膚和可視粘膜不同程度黃染。同時還表現(xiàn)出肢體僵硬,運(yùn)動時有明顯的提舉困難甚至臥地不起等癥狀。病理剖檢顯示,超過半數(shù)的病羊出現(xiàn)敗血癥變化,尸僵不顯;肺臟有氣腫、水腫,出現(xiàn)不同程度間質(zhì)增寬;心肌軟弱無力,心冠狀溝脂肪有密集的出血點(diǎn);有90%左右的病例有出現(xiàn)真胃潰瘍。根據(jù)羊毛中微量元素含量測定表明,病羊體內(nèi)微量元素均無明顯異常,排除相應(yīng)的微量元素性疾病。所接診的病例中羊泰勒蟲陽性率為83%,鏈球菌陽性率為75%。后對泰勒蟲18S rRNA進(jìn)行目的片段擴(kuò)增,后測定產(chǎn)物序列并進(jìn)行同源性分析,構(gòu)建遺傳進(jìn)化樹。通過序列分析發(fā)現(xiàn)其與已知報道的呂氏泰勒蟲(T.luwenshuni)在基因上同源性高達(dá)99%。根據(jù)2013年9月~2014年11月間接收的羔羊癱瘓病例檢查結(jié)果,初步確定羔羊癱瘓綜合征的主要病因羔羊感染泰勒蟲后繼發(fā)感染鏈球菌引起的。病羊感染羊泰勒蟲引起慢性感染,造成病羊的生長發(fā)育緩慢、消瘦、貧血和身體抵抗力下降。在病羊身體虛弱,出現(xiàn)癱軟不起的癥狀。鏈球菌繼發(fā)感染,使病羊臨床上出現(xiàn)全身出血性敗血癥、腦膜炎等病征,甚至造成急性死亡。且鏈球菌常與其它病原菌混合感染,加重病情,致使發(fā)病率和死亡率有所提高。該病會給養(yǎng)羊業(yè)造成重大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。明確病因后,給出相應(yīng)的綜合的治療方案,使得發(fā)病養(yǎng)羊場、戶中患病羔羊病情得到有效控制。這為今后遏制此類疾病的發(fā)展相關(guān)的預(yù)防與治療提供合理參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, lambs in Anhui, Henan and other regions have developed a disease characterized by paralysis, which is called Lamb paralysis syndrome. Every year, the incidence rate and mortality rate increase obviously, which causes serious economic loss to sheep farm and sheep farmers. At present, there are few reports about the disease and the etiology is not clear, which makes it more difficult to prevent, control and treat the disease. During the period from September 2013 to November 2014, a survey was carried out on some sheep farms in Anhui province. The lambs in Anhui were emaciated, paralyzed and died in large numbers. Through the epidemiological investigation, the incidence and prevalence of the cases have a preliminary understanding. The clinical symptoms and pathological findings of the patients were observed and the disease materials were collected. In order to eliminate trace element diseases, trace elements in wool were determined. The pathogen method was used to isolate, culture and identify the bacteria, and blood smear and molecular biology were used to detect the infection of blood parasites. According to the above examination results, the etiology was analyzed and the corresponding treatment plan was given. To clarify the etiology of the disease and the diagnosis of the disease, immune prevention and treatment to provide a certain theoretical reference. The results showed that the onset time of the disease was concentrated in spring and summer. The clinical symptoms were observed. Most sheep showed high fever, anemia, wasting, swelling of body surface lymph nodes, and varying degrees of yellow staining of skin and visible mucosa. At the same time also showed stiff limbs, exercise with obvious lifting difficulties or even lying down and other symptoms. Pathological examination showed that more than half of the sheep had septicemia changes, no cadaver, emphysema and edema in the lungs, varying degrees of interstitial enlargement, weakness of myocardium and dense bleeding points in the fat of coronary sulcus. About 90% of the cases had true gastric ulcers. According to the determination of trace elements in wool, there was no obvious abnormality of trace elements in the body of the sick sheep, and the corresponding trace element diseases were excluded. The positive rate of Taylor's worm and streptococcus were 833 and 75 respectively. The target fragment of 18s rRNA was amplified, the product sequence was sequenced and homologous analysis was carried out to construct the genetic evolution tree. Sequence analysis showed that the gene homology of T. luwenshunii was as high as 99%. According to the examination results of lambs paralysis cases from September 2013 to November 2014, the main etiology of lambs paralysis syndrome was preliminarily identified, which was caused by Streptococcus infection in lambs after infection with Taylor's worm. Chronic infection with Taylor's worm causes slow growth, wasting, anemia and decreased body resistance in sick sheep. The sick sheep are weak and paralyzed. The secondary infection of Streptococcus caused systemic hemorrhagic septicemia, meningitis and even acute death. Streptococcus and other pathogens often mixed infection, aggravated the disease, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. The disease will cause great economic losses to the sheep industry. After making clear the etiology, a comprehensive treatment plan was given to effectively control the disease in sheep farm and the sick lamb in household. This provides a reasonable reference for the prevention and treatment of the development of such diseases in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S858.26

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