本文選題：豬群腹瀉流行病學 + 病毒性腹瀉��； 參考：《西北農林科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：自2010年以來,我國豬群發(fā)生了重大腹瀉,給我國養(yǎng)豬業(yè)造成了巨大的經濟損失。為了掌握引起我國豬群腹瀉癥候群的病原與病因,對現有的防疫策略進行簡要評估及該病的防疫政策提供技術支撐。本研究采用調查表的形式對2013~2014年我國華北、東北、西北和西南四個地區(qū)16個省份2456個規(guī)模豬場進行豬群腹瀉流行病學調查,隨機選取2013~2014年間河北等9個省份63份腹瀉糞便及病料,應用PCRRT-PCR技術對我國豬群腹瀉癥候群病原學中PEDV、TGEV、Po RV、PRV四種常發(fā)的病毒性腹瀉病毒進行檢測,應用Vero細胞對檢測呈陽性的病料進行病毒分離,用RT-PCR方法進行PEDV S基因序列擴增,分析主要引起豬群病毒性腹瀉病PEDV的S基因的變異情況。結果表明:2013年至2014年兩年間我國華北、東北、西北和西南四個區(qū)域的腹瀉發(fā)病略呈下降趨勢,但該病仍是豬群最嚴重的疾病,造成養(yǎng)殖場損失最主要的原因,其病死率仍較高,西南地區(qū)養(yǎng)殖場腹瀉發(fā)病率較其他地區(qū)高,仔豬仍然是發(fā)病和死亡的主要群體,腹瀉的發(fā)病期主要集中在秋冬及春季,養(yǎng)殖場規(guī)模越大,發(fā)生腹瀉的風險越小,從疫苗的臨床調查結果分析,活疫苗相對滅活苗的效果較好;目前我國豬群腹瀉病原比較復雜,以病毒性腹瀉病原為主,其中以PEDV為主,Po RV、PRV和TGEV次之,以兩種病原混合感染為主,PEDV+PRV高達9.52%,三種病的混合感染次之;通過對PEDV分離鑒定,共得到32個PEDV S基因序列,其核苷酸同源性為88.5%~100%,氨基酸同源性為83.5%~100%,系統(tǒng)進化分析,GD3毒株劃到了經典毒株CV777、DR13等G2大分支中,其余31株流行毒株處于G1進化分支,與經典的疫苗毒株距離相對較遠,對流行毒株進行基因遺傳變異分析,其在不同位點發(fā)生了氨基酸的突變和缺失。本研究從豬群腹瀉流行病學、豬群主要病毒性腹瀉病原和PEDV的遺傳和演化的特性及趨勢方面揭示腹瀉的動態(tài)分布,弄清楚腹瀉的病原和病因,以期能夠為動物疫病預防控制機構和規(guī)模豬場防治豬群腹瀉病提供可靠的數據和技術支撐。
[Abstract]:Since 2010, great diarrhea has occurred in the pig herd in China, which has caused huge economic losses to the pig industry in our country. In order to understand the pathogen and etiology of swine diarrhea syndrome in China, the current epidemic prevention strategies were evaluated briefly and the technical support of epidemic prevention policy was provided. In this study, 2456 pig farms in 16 provinces of North, Northeast, Northwest and Southwest China were investigated by questionnaire from 2013 to 2014. 63 feces and materials of diarrhea were randomly selected from 9 provinces of Hebei province in 2013 and 2014. The PCRRT-PCR technique was used to detect four common viral diarrhea viruses (PEVV TGEV, Po RV / PRV) in the etiology of swine diarrhea syndrome in China. Vero cells were used to isolate the positive samples and RT-PCR method was used to amplify the PEDV S gene sequence. The variation of S gene which mainly caused the porcine viral diarrhea disease PEDV was analyzed. The results showed that the incidence of diarrhea in four regions of North China, Northeast, Northwest and Southwest of China decreased slightly from 2013 to 2014, but the disease was still the most serious disease in pig herd, the main cause of the loss of breeding farm, and the fatality rate was still high. The incidence of diarrhea in farms in southwest China is higher than that in other areas. Piglets are still the main groups of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of diarrhea mainly occurs in autumn, winter and spring. The larger the scale of farms, the lower the risk of diarrhea. The results of clinical investigation showed that the live vaccine was more effective than inactivated vaccine, and that the pathogen of diarrhea in swine population in our country was complicated at present, the main pathogen was viral diarrhea, among which PEDV was the main pathogen, and TGEV and PEDV were the second. PEDV PRV was as high as 9.52, followed by mixed infection of three diseases, and 32 PEDV S gene sequences were obtained by isolation and identification of PEDV. The nucleotide homology of GD3 strain and amino acid homology of GD3 strain were 88. 5% and 83. 5%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that GD3 strain was classified into large branches such as classical strain CV777, DR13, and the remaining 31 strains were in G1 evolution branch, which was relatively far away from classical vaccine strain. The mutation and deletion of amino acids occurred at different sites. This study revealed the dynamic distribution of diarrhea from the epidemiology of diarrhea in pigs, the genetic and evolutionary characteristics and trends of the main viral diarrhea pathogens and PEDV in swine herd, and found out the pathogeny and etiology of diarrhea. It is expected to provide reliable data and technical support for the prevention and control of animal epidemic disease and the prevention and control of diarrhea disease in pigs on large scale pig farms.
【學位授予單位】：西北農林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S858.28

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本文編號：1962143