本文選題：絨山羊 + 背最長(zhǎng)肌��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：內(nèi)蒙古絨山羊肉因味美鮮嫩、易消化、營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值高以及脂肪和膽固醇含量低等特點(diǎn)深受消費(fèi)者喜愛。目前,大多數(shù)研究學(xué)者主要在理化特性方面對(duì)肉品質(zhì)進(jìn)行評(píng)估測(cè)定,很少有人利用轉(zhuǎn)錄組學(xué)技術(shù)研究肉品質(zhì)。針對(duì)這一問題,本研究通過RNA-Seq技術(shù)對(duì)4只內(nèi)蒙古絨山羊背最長(zhǎng)肌轉(zhuǎn)錄組文庫(kù)進(jìn)行高通量測(cè)序和從頭組裝,通過研究不同年齡和不同性別絨山羊背最長(zhǎng)肌間的差異表達(dá)基因,篩選出影響絨山羊肉品質(zhì)的候選基因,再利用David軟件對(duì)候選基因進(jìn)行GO功能注釋和KEGG富集分析,從而為絨山羊肉品質(zhì)相關(guān)基因的篩選和功能基因組學(xué)的研究提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下：1、成功地構(gòu)建了4只內(nèi)蒙古絨山羊背最長(zhǎng)肌轉(zhuǎn)錄組的樣本文庫(kù),基于RNA-Seq高通量測(cè)序技術(shù),共獲得16GB的背最長(zhǎng)肌表達(dá)譜數(shù)據(jù)。組裝共獲得52,415,590條reads,共包含4,717,403,100個(gè)核苷酸序列信息,利用De novo方法對(duì)reads進(jìn)行拼接共得到65,329個(gè)contigs,N50值為1,059nt。2、通過CLC Genomics Workbench 6.0軟件共獲得474個(gè)差異表達(dá)基因。其中成年公羊與成年母羊背最長(zhǎng)肌間共有201個(gè)差異表達(dá)基因；成年公羊與斷奶公羔背最長(zhǎng)肌間共有120個(gè)差異表達(dá)基因；成年母羊與斷奶母羔背最長(zhǎng)肌間共有100個(gè)差異表達(dá)基因：斷奶公羔與斷奶母羔背最長(zhǎng)肌間共有53個(gè)差異表達(dá)基因。3、共篩選出263個(gè)對(duì)絨山羊肉品質(zhì)有影響的候選基因,其中包含123個(gè)高表達(dá)有利基因和140個(gè)高表達(dá)有害基因。4、候選基因GO功能注釋結(jié)果表明：高表達(dá)有利基因主要與骨骼肌的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育、細(xì)胞器形成和蛋白結(jié)合功能相關(guān)；高表達(dá)有害基因主要與脂質(zhì)代謝、細(xì)胞骨架和結(jié)合功能相關(guān)。5、候選基因KEGG通路富集分析結(jié)果表明：高表達(dá)有利基因主要參與糖酵解/糖異生和絲裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)等信號(hào)通路,通路中的基因在骨骼肌的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育過程中扮演著重要的角色,但在骨骼肌中的作用未被報(bào)道；高表達(dá)有害基因主要參與凝血-補(bǔ)體級(jí)聯(lián)反應(yīng)、朊病毒病、ErbB受體、色氨酸代謝和系統(tǒng)性紅斑狼瘡等信號(hào)通路。6、建立了一種篩選絨山羊肉品質(zhì)候選基因的方法。PDK4、ADIPOQ、CD36、 ADIPOR2和LPIN1等五個(gè)基因能夠作為絨山羊肉品質(zhì)重要的候選基因。
[Abstract]:The meat of Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat is popular with consumers because of its delicious taste, easy digestion, high nutritional value and low fat and cholesterol content. At present, most researchers mainly evaluate meat quality in physical and chemical properties, and few people use transcriptome technology to study meat quality. In order to solve this problem, the high throughput sequencing and ab initio assembly of the longest dorsal transcriptional library of 4 Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats were carried out by RNA-Seq, and the differentially expressed genes among the longissimus dorsi muscles of different ages and different genders were studied. Candidate genes affecting the meat quality of cashmere goats were screened, and then go functional annotation and KEGG enrichment analysis of candidate genes were carried out by David software, which provided theoretical basis for screening genes related to meat quality and functional genomics of cashmere goats. The main results are as follows: 1. We successfully constructed a sample library of the longest dorsal muscle transcriptome of four Inner Mongolia cashmere goats. Based on the RNA-Seq high-throughput sequencing technique, we obtained the expression profile data of the longissimus dorsi of 16GB. A total of 52415590 RDS were obtained, containing 4717403100 nucleotide sequence information. 65329 contigsN50 values of 1059nt.2were obtained by de novo method. A total of 474 differentially expressed genes were obtained by CLC Genomics Workbench 6.0 software. There were 201 differentially expressed genes in the longissimus dorsi muscle between adult ram and adult ewe, 120 differentially expressed genes in the longissimus dorsi muscle of adult ram and weaning male lamb. There were 100 differentially expressed genes between the longissimus muscle of weaning ewe and weaning female lambs: 53 differentially expressed genes between the longissimus muscle of weaning male lambs and weaning female lambs. 263 candidate genes affecting the meat quality of cashmere goats were screened out. There were 123 highly expressed favorable genes and 140 highly expressed harmful genes. The results of functional annotation of candidate gene go showed that the high expression favorable genes were mainly related to skeletal muscle growth, organelle formation and protein binding function. Overexpression of harmful genes is mainly associated with lipid metabolism, Cytoskeleton and binding function were related to. 5. The results of enrichment analysis of candidate gene KEGG pathway showed that overexpression of favorable genes was mainly involved in glycolytic / glycolytic and mitogen-activated protein kinase (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathways. The gene in the pathway plays an important role in the growth and development of skeletal muscle, but its role in skeletal muscle is not reported. The high expression of harmful genes is mainly involved in the clotting complement cascade reaction, prion disease and ErbB receptor. Tryptophan metabolism and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) signaling pathway. 6. A method for screening candidate genes of Cashmere Goat meat quality, including CD36, ADIPOR2 and LPIN1, was established, which can be used as an important candidate gene for Cashmere Goat meat quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S827

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